ENERGY What is Energy The ability to do

ENERGY

What is Energy? � The ability to do work

Types of Energy � � Physical: energy done by the physical body Chemical: energy that is stored in bonds

Types of Energy � � Mechanical: energy that moves objects Nuclear: energy holding the nucleus of an atom together

Types of Energy � � Gravitational: energy caused by a gravitational field Electrical: energy caused by the flow of electrons through a conductor

Types of Energy � � Radiant: (light) energy of electromagnetic waves Thermal: energy from the movement of particles

Types of Energy � � Motion: energy produced when an object is moving Sound: energy caused by the vibration of particles

Earth’s Energy Source � The SUN

Law of Conservation of Energy � � � Energy cannot be created or destroyed Energy never gets used up, it only gets converted from one form to another conservation of energy

Kinetic vs. Potential � Kinetic energy: the energy of motion Potential energy: stored energy (gravitational) � rollercoaster �

Ways of Converting Energy

Converting Energy � Photosynthesis: plants convert radiant energy into food � Chemosynthesis: converting chemicals into food

Ecosystem Energy � Energy flow throughout an ecosystem is called…

Conduction � The transfer of heat through direct physical touch �EX. Lizard on a rock, stove

Convection � The transfer of heat through movement of a fluid (liquid or gas) � Blowing on food to cool it down � Circulation of wind and ocean currents � Mantle convection, furnace

Radiation � Heat transfer through thermal radiation waves � EX. Sun, heat lamp

Popcorn

Lizard on a Rock � � The radiation heat from the sun heats the rock. The lizard sits on the rock and gets heat from the rock through conduction The lizard also gets direct radiation heat from the sun The lizard is heated by the convection of warm air circulating

Energy Distribution on Earth � Solar radiation absorbed: � Oceans and land 51% � Clouds and atmosphere 19%

Energy Distribution on Earth � Solar radiation reflected: � Clouds 20% � Land 4% � Atmosphere 6%