Energy Two Forms Five Types Energy The ability

Energy Two Forms & Five Types

Energy • The ability to do work, to apply a force and move an object. • Ex: John lifted his injured friend and carried him to the car. • Non-Ex: Bill pushed against the brick wall form one minute to exercise. (no motion = no work)

Energy • The total amount of energy in the Universe is a constant. • Energy is like matter, Energy can’t be created or destroyed by ordinary means.

Energy • Energy travels in waves. • The type of wave depends on the energy type. There are three types of waves. • The speed of the wave depends on the media (material) it is traveling through. • The denser the media – the faster the wave moves.

Energy • There are five types of Energy that can be found in two forms. • Each of the five types of Energy can be converted into the other types. • When Energy is converted, some energy is lost in the form of heat.

Energy - Two Forms: • Potential - Stored energy, energy of position. • Ex: batteries, food, a rock sitting on top of a cliff • Kinetic - Energy in use or motion. • Ex: A running motor, a running student

Energy - Heat • The Energy of moving molecules or atoms. • Measured in degrees of temperature. • Metric scale - Celsius • 0 = Freezing, 100 = Boiling 273 = Absolute Zero, no atomic motion

Energy - Chemical • The Energy of bonds, stored in the electrons between the atoms of molecules. • Fuel Molecules have lots of high energy bonds. • Carbohydrates are food fuel molecules. • Fats & Oils are food storage molecules.

Energy - Mechanical • The energy of moving objects. • When animals move, they convert chemical energy into mechanical energy in their muscle cells. This Chemical Reaction is Cellular Respiration (burn sugar w/ catalyst - mitochrondia). • Ex: riding a bike, eating, talking, playing any sport

Energy - Electromagnetic • Energy of light, electricity, magnetism. • EM is a spectrum of frequencies. • Ex: radar, radio, cell phones, microwaves, x-rays, radioactivity, light’s colors of rainbow, batteries, AC household electricity, magnets in motors & generators, etc.

Energy - Nuclear • Energy of Radioactivity. • Atoms with extra neutrons are Isotopes. • When the “extra” neutrons decay, Energy is released. • Ex: Atomic bombs release their Energy very fast. • Nuclear Reactors control this release, the heat energy is used to generate electricity.

Energy - Nuclear • The Sun & Stars use Fusion. • Fusion - combining small nuclei into larger atoms under great pressure (Gravity) and heat(Fusion). • Fusion - releases the light (EM) and heat that life on our Earth depends on.

Energy Conversions Sun to Us • Nuclear - fusion of Hydrogen into Helium releases Light (EM) & Heat energy. • EM - Light travels through the vacuum of space in waves. • EM - hits green plants, photosynthesis in Chloroplasts converts into Chemical Energy (sugar).

Energy Conversions Sun to Us • Plants are eaten by us or eaten by animals, which are eaten by us. • Chemical Energy (food) converted by digestion and cellular respiration (mitochondria) into Mechanical Energy (movement), EM (electrical) nervous system, and Heat Energy (98. 6 ).

Energy Conversions Earth to Space • When we use any energy source, Fossil Fuels (chemical), Nuclear, Solar (EM) , Wind & Hydroelectric (Mechanical), Biofuels (chemical) the energy eventually gets converted into Heat energy. • The Heat energy rises from the Earth and radiates into space. • The energy still exists, it’s just lost to us.

Energy • Two Forms • & Five Types