Energy in Earths Atmosphere Section 16 1 Section

Energy in Earth’s Atmosphere Section 16. 1 Section 16. 2

Energy From the Sun • Almost all of Earth’s energy radiates from the sun in the form of electromagnetic waves • Electromagnetic waves - can move through empty space - classified by wavelength

Energy in the Atmosphere • The amount of energy that reaches the surface is affected by the atmosphere • Some sunlight is absorbed or reflected by the atmosphere before reaching the surface

Energy at Earth’s Surface • When Earth’s surface is heated, it radiates most of the energy back into the atmosphere as infrared radiation. • Not all the heat escapes back into space

Thermal Energy and Temperature • Temperature – the average amount of motion of each particle of a substance

Thermal Energy and Temperature • Thermal energy – The total energy of motion in the particles of a substance Teapot and cup of tea have the same temperature. The teapot has more thermal energy because it has more particles.

Measuring Temperature • Air temperature is usually measured with a thermometer. Contains a liquid (mercury or colored alcohol) that expands up the tube when heated.

Temperature Scales

Temperature Scales Converting temperature scales o. C = 5/9 (o. F – 32) o. F = 9/5(o. C)+32

Heat Transfer • Radiation – transfer of heat by electromagnetic waves • Conduction – transfer of heat by direct contact • Convection – transfer of heat by fluid movement and differences in density

Heat Transfer The troposphere uses all three methods of heat transfer