Energy Flow Through an Ecosystem Food Chains Food

Energy Flow Through an Ecosystem Food Chains, Food Webs, Energy Pyramids 1

• Begins with the SUN • Photosynthesis 6 CO 2 + 6 H 2 O + sunlight & chlorophyll C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6 O 2 2

Photosynthesis • Chemical reaction where green plants use water & carbon dioxide to store the sun’s energy in glucose ENERGY is stored in glucose Glucose is stored as starch in plants • • 3

Organisms that can make glucose during photosynthesis are called PRODUCERS. 4

Producers use most of the energy they make for themselves. 5

Producers use cellular respiration to supply the energy they need to live. 6

6 O 2 + C 6 H 12 O 6 --> 6 H 2 O + 6 CO 2 + energy CELLULAR RESPIRATION is the chemical reaction that releases the energy in glucose. 7

The energy that is not used by producers can be passed on to organisms that cannot make their own energy. 8

Organisms that cannot make their own energy are called CONSUMERS. 9

Consumers that eat producers to get energy: • Are first order (1 ) or primary consumers • Are herbivores (plant-eaters) st 10

Most of the energy the primary consumer gets from the producer is used by the consumer. 11

Some of the energy moves into the atmosphere as heat. 12

Some energy in the primary consumer is STORED & not lost to the atmosphere or used by the consumer itself. This energy is available for another consumer (predator). 13

A Consumer that Eats Another Consumer for Energy: • Is called a secondary or 2 nd order consumer • May be a carnivore or a omnivore • May be a predator • May be a scavenger 14

Most of the energy the secondary consumer gets from the primary consumer is used by the secondary consumer. 15

Some of the energy is lost as heat, but some energy is stored and can passed on to another consumer. 16

A consumer that eats a consumer that already ate a consumer: • Is called a 3 rd order or tertiary consumer • May be a carnivore or a omnivore • May be a predator • May be a scavenger 17

Consumers that eat producers & other consumers Are called omnivores Omnivores eat plants and animals 18

Consumers that hunt & kill other consumers are called predators. The animals that are hunted & killed are called prey. 19

Consumers that eat other dead consumers are called scavengers 20

The transfer of energy from the sun to producer to primary consumer then to higher order consumers can be shown in a FOOD CHAIN. 21

Food Chains Show Available Energy 22

More Food Chains 23

Another way of showing the transfer of energy in an ecosystem is the ENERGY PYRAMID 24

Energy Pyramids Show • Amount of available energy decreases for higher consumers Amount of available energy decreases down the food chain It takes a large number of producers to support a small number of primary consumers It takes a large number of primary consumers to support a small number of secondary consumers • • • 25

26

Food Webs: • Are interconnected food chains They show the feeding relationships in an ecosystem • 27

How Many Chains are in this web? 28

Identify the Producers, Consumers, & Decomposers: Count the Food Chains! 29

30