Energy Efficient District Heating Anders Brix Thomsen Global

Energy Efficient District Heating 丹麦区域供暖能源效率�状及未来 Anders Brix Thomsen Global Cooperation Danish Energy Agency 安�思 ·布里克斯·托�森 丹麦能源署国�合作�

Content 内容 • Historical development �史�展 • Production 生� • Transmission and distribution �配系� • End-user �端用� • Next steps in Denmark 丹麦未来�展��

Historical Development �史�展

5 Characteristics of Danish District Heating 丹麦区域供暖五大特点 1. Owned by consumers 用��有所有� 2. Strong support from authorities 政府大力支持 3. Long term planning ���筹�划 4. Variety of technical solutions 技�解决方案多�化 5. Heat storage ��存

Resource Consumption 供暖�源 消耗

From Centralized to Decentralized CHP 从集中供暖到分布式���� Centralized production in the mid 80’s 80年代集中供暖 Decentralized production of today 如今的分布式���� Legend: • Decentralized CHP • Centralized CHP

Consumer Prices? 消�价格如何？ • 99. 9% of all district heating consumers pay less for their heat compared to heat from household-based oil stoves 99. 9%的区域供暖用�支付的� 用比分�燃油�炉采暖的�用低 • Compared to the cost of heat from an individual natural gas boiler, 94. 8% of DH customers pay less 94. 8%的区域供暖用�支付的� 用比分�燃气�炉采暖的 �用 低 • DH consumer price averages = about 3% of HH income. 区域采暖平均支出占家庭收入 的3%

Production 生�

Production 生� • Highly efficient production 高效率生� • CHP where possible 尽可能���� • Efficient boilers otherwise 或者采用高效�炉 • Storage where feasible 尽可能蓄� • Long term planning ���划 • Levelized Cost of Energy 平准化能源成本 • Taxes and subsidies 税和��

Large Integrated Systems With Optimal Load Dispatch 大型集成系� �荷�化分配

Heat Networks 供暖管网

Heat networks 供暖管网 • Local ownership ensures incentives for efficiency 本地所有�保障激励，提高效率 • New projects - “Total Cost of Ownership” 新建供暖�目 - “所有��成本 ” • Existing projects - Measuring actual consumption, flow temperature etc. in the network 既有供暖�目 -�量管网���耗、水流温度等 • Low temperature district heating 低温区域供暖

Heat Supply Zones 供暖区� 13

End-Users �端用�

End-Users �端用� • Metering and Smart Meters 供��量和智能表 • In Copenhagen 90% of heat consumption data is remotely metered 哥本哈 根 90%的采暖数据采用�程 �量 • Large Customers 大型采 暖用� • Mandatory Energy Managements Schemes 强制性能源管理制度 • All Customers 所有用� • Utilities Energy Obligation Scheme 能源公用事��能��制度

Next Steps in Denmark 区域供暖未来�展��

The Danish Government’s Vision and Goals for the Future Energy System 丹麦政府关于未来能源体系的�景和目� • 2020 o o More than 35% renewable energy in final energy consumption 可再生能源在�端能源消�中的比重达到 35%以上 Approximately 50% of electricity consumption to be supplied by wind power � 50%的�力来自�力�� 7. 6% reduction in gross energy consumption in relation to 2010 与2010年比，能源消耗�量下降7. 6% 34% reduction in greenhouse gas emissions in relation to 1990 与1990年比，温室气体排放下降34% • 2030 o Coal phased out from Danish power and CHP plants 淘汰燃煤��机� • 2035 o 100% renewable energy in heating and electricity 100%可再生能源供�和�� • 2050 o 100% renewable energy in energy and transport sector 100%可再生能源和�色交通

The Challenge 面�的挑� Traditional energy consumption will be more or less unchanged, but there will be a large increase in wind power. ��能源消�比重�化 不大，�能比重大幅提高。 2015 2020 2035 2050

Next Steps in Denmark – How? 下一步如何�展？ • Central Units 集中供暖 • Coal -> Biomass 煤 -> 生物�燃料 • Decentral Units 分布式供暖 • Natural Gas -> Solar Thermal, Storage, Heat Pumps and Biomass 天然气 -> 太阳能、� �存、��和生物�燃料

Latest Initiatives? 最新措施有哪些？ RE for industrial processes �生�可再生能源利用 • Subsidies for replacing existing units with RE or with DH 利用可再生能源或区 域供暖替��有供暖��，提 供�� • Subsidies depends on the size of the company 根据企 ��模提供���度 • Subsidy limit per GJ 每GJ 的��上限 • Subsidy limit depending on payback time 根据投�回收 期�置��上限 Approval of new units for process purposes 新供暖��的�批 • Establishing new unit or renovating existing units 新建或改造�� • Utilization of excess heat 余�利用 • Socio-economic costbenefit 社会��成本效益 • Project cost-benefit �目成本效益

Thank You! Ander Brix Thomsen abt@ens. dk More information: Collaboration with China: www. ens. dk/en/policy/Global-cooperation/country-cooperation Chinese profile at State of Green: http: //stateofgreen. com/cn/profiles/丹麦能源署 4 th of June 2015, China