Energy Efficiency Expanded Scale of Opportunities Arshad Mansoor

Energy Efficiency: Expanded Scale of Opportunities Arshad Mansoor Vice President, Power Delivery & Utilization, EPRI 2008 Summer Seminar August 4, 2008

Carbon Footprint of End Use Energy in U. S. , 2006 In a Low Carbon Future Carbon Footprint Becomes the Primary Metrics to Gauge the Scale of Energy Efficiency DOE EIA, Annual Energy Outlook 2008, Tables A 2. and A 18. © 2008 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved. 2

The Expanded Scale of Energy Efficiency • Traditional Energy Efficiency Measures – Reducing carbon footprint by reducing use of electricity through increasingly higher efficiency • Electrifying End Use Processes – Reducing carbon footprint by replacing direct combustion of fossil fuel in end use processes with low carbon electricity • Electrifying Transportation – Reducing carbon footprint by replacing direct combustion of petroleum with low carbon electricity Significant Opportunity to Expand the Scale of Energy Efficiency © 2008 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved. 3

Low Carbon Generation is the Key Decarbonizing the Electricity Sector Increases the Opportunity to Reduce Carbon Footprint Through Efficient Use of Electricity © 2008 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved. 4

Traditional Energy Efficiency Measures: End to End Breakdown of Electricity Use Generation Transmission Distribution ~5% ~3% ~5% Residence/ Buildings ~62% Industries ~25% Significant Opportunity to Improve End to End Efficiency Electricity Industry is the Single Largest End User of Electricity © 2008 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved. 5

Appliance Efficiency: Codes and Standards Decrease in Energy Use for Three Major Appliances (Source: S. Nadel, ACEEE, in ECEEE 2003 Summer Study, www. eceee. org) © 2008 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved. 6

Next Generation Appliances: Codes & Standards • Increase in electricity use by adding a 46” plasma and a set-top box: ~860 k. Wh/yr/household or 2. 7% of US Electricity Consumption Plasma TV (~250 W), Set-top Box (~30 W) • Increase in electricity use by adding one digital photo frame per household: ~Five 250 MW Generation Plant Digital photo frame (6 W-15 W) By 2030 almost 30% of residential load will be “plug connected” (DOE/EIA Annual Energy Outlook 2007) © 2008 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved. 7

Electrifying End Uses: Heat Pump Example 41% Reduction in Energy and 32% Reduction in Carbon Footprint Power system losses based on average U. S. generation mix, AFUE: Annual Fuel Utilization Efficiency; COP: Coefficient of Performance DOE EIA Annual Energy Review 2006. © 2008 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved. 8

Japanese Heat Pump Technology R&D • New heat pump technologies emerging – Heat pump water heaters - 5. 2 million in Japan by 2010 – Heat pump washer/dryer – 6% of global CO 2 reduction using Heat Pumps (IEA) Heat Pump Water Heater • Electric utilities sponsored R&D • EPRI has initiated a large scale demonstration project on emerging heat pump technologies [1] International Energy Agency Heat Pump Centre, http: //www. heatpumpcentre. org/About_heat_pumps/Energy_and_CO 2. asp © 2008 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved. 9 Heat Pump Washer Dryer

Benefits of 20 Mile Range PHEV Annual Energy Consumption and Carbon Footprint Impact © 2008 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved. 10

Example: Expanded Scale of Energy Efficiency Single-Family Home Heat Pump Replaces Gas Furnace Energy Efficiency Improvements © 2008 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved. 11 PHEV 20 Replaces Mid-Size Car

Baseline: Energy Use & Carbon Footprint © 2008 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved. 12

Deploying Traditional Energy Efficiency © 2008 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved. 13

Deploying Heat Pump Technology © 2008 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved. 14

Deploying 20 Mile PHEV © 2008 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved. 15

Opportunity for Expanding Scale of Energy Efficiency Effects of Traditional Energy Efficiency, Heat Pump Heating & Cooling, Mid-Size PHEV, and Low Carbon Generation © 2008 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved. 16

Infrastructure Need For Expanded Scale of EE Need All Infrastructures to Evolve To Significantly Reduce Carbon Footprint Through Efficient Use of Energy © 2008 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved. 17