Energy and nutrients Energy enters and leaves ecosystems

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Energy and nutrients Energy enters and leaves ecosystems whereas nutrients stay within an ecosystem

Energy and nutrients Energy enters and leaves ecosystems whereas nutrients stay within an ecosystem and are recycled Light energy Producer Herbivore Decomposer Nutrients Carnivore

Vocabulary • Precipitation: Any form of water, such as rain, snow, sleet, or hail,

Vocabulary • Precipitation: Any form of water, such as rain, snow, sleet, or hail, that falls to the earth's surface. • Evaporation: To convert or change into a vapor. • Condensation: The process by which a gas or vapor changes to a liquid. • Impervious: Incapable of being penetrated • Transpiration is the evaporation of water into the atmosphere from the leaves and stems of plants.

• Respiration: the chemical breakdown of complex organic substances, such as carbohydrates and

• Respiration: the chemical breakdown of complex organic substances, such as carbohydrates and fats, that takes place in the cells and tissues of animals and plants, during which energy is released and carbon dioxide produced • Organic Carbon: Carbon found in organic matter • Inorganic Carbon: CO 2 and CO

Food Web with and without Sea Otters http: //cbc. amnh. org/crisis/foodweb. html

Food Web with and without Sea Otters http: //cbc. amnh. org/crisis/foodweb. html

Keystone Species • A keystone species is a species that has a disproportionately large

Keystone Species • A keystone species is a species that has a disproportionately large effect on its environment relative to its abundance

Vocabulary • Phosphorus is essential for life. As phosphate, it is a component of

Vocabulary • Phosphorus is essential for life. As phosphate, it is a component of DNA, RNA, ATP, and also the phospholipids that form all cell membranes. • Erosion: the wearing away of rocks and other deposits on the earth's surface by the action of water, ice, wind, etc • Excretion: The act or process of discharging waste matter from the blood, tissues, or organs and body of an organism

Nitrogen Cycle Vocabulary • Nitrogen fixation: is a process by which nitrogen (N 2)

Nitrogen Cycle Vocabulary • Nitrogen fixation: is a process by which nitrogen (N 2) in the atmosphere is converted into ammonia (NH 3). • Ammonia: A colorless, pungent gas, NH 3, extensively used to manufacture fertilizers and a wide variety of nitrogen-containing organic and inorganic chemicals. • Nitrification: The conversion of ammonia to nitrite (NO 3) • De-nitrification: The conversion of nitrite to nitrate to Dinitrogen

• Animals use nitrogen-containing amino acids from plant sources as starting materials for

• Animals use nitrogen-containing amino acids from plant sources as starting materials for all nitrogencompound animal biochemistry, including the manufacture of proteins and nucleic acids.