Enduring understandings 3 Industrialization has the capacity for

Enduring understandings: 3. Industrialization has the capacity for both progress and destruction. 4. Improvements in technology created a paradox in which there existed the potential for advancement and/or decline. 6. Global conflict leads to attempts at international cooperation and determining accountability like the League of Nations Years of Crisis and World War II Unit 6—Modern World History

Day 2 - WWII begins for real – Nazis Attack 1. Review Appeasement and Non-Aggression Pact 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Cartoons (slides 3 to 5) Complete p 9 in packet about 16 s 1 – Hitler’s Lightning War (slides 6 -23) Moishe, Pesha and Label Story part 1 (woven throughout the story of early WWII) Read analyze Churchill’s Rally of the British packet page 10 Read analyze the Atlantic Charter page 7 (slides 24 -25) Answer Review Sheet questions 6 -10 using details from today’s lesson

The Folly of Appeasement 1. results of non-aggression pact A) Nazis got: protection from attack from USSR B) Freedom to invade and take Poland C) Reunification of East Prussia with the rest of Germany B) Soviet Union got: A) Latvia, Lithuania an d. Estonia B) Eastern Poland C) Access to invade Finland D) Protection against invasion from Germany A)

NOT Appeasement worked – right? The German Blitzkrieg overwhelmed the poorly armed and trained Polish forces from the West USSR troops invaded soon after from the East Blitzkrieg – lightning War Britain and France declared war on Germany and Tanks, Planes then began mobilizing their forcesinfantry – Really fast BUT … Too little too late n Germany was too strong n Britain and France too weak and too far away Poland fell in 6 weeks World War II is totally on

Moishe, Pesha and Label Moishe was drafted into the Polish Army Pesha went back to Sarnacki with Label to live with her sisters Once the war for Poland was over, the Polish army was disbanded so Moishe left the army to go find his family. By word of mouth as he passed through villages and towns, he found that Pesha had gone back to Mordi. So he went back home.

Germany and USSR invade Poland

Germany and USSR divide and share Poland

Moishe, Pesha and Label As the Germans were advancing, Moishe and Pesha had heard stories that they were rounding up Jews. Pesha went to visit her sisters to tell them that they need to run away to Russia – they refused to believe the stories and did not want to lose their homes Pesha forcefully told them that they were at risk, and she did the same for Moishe’s family – no one listened, they all thought that she was Chicken Little with the sky falling While Pesha was visiting Sarnacki, she and her sisters were out in the forest picking berries when the Germans came to the village. Her sisters ran back to the village while Pesha ran away with Label. When Moishe got back home, he found that Pesha said it was time to leave and that she had heard about a place for them in the Russian side of Poland

Moishe, Pesha and Label The trains still travelled between the Russian and German parts of Poland so the Hubers tried to hop a train When they finally got to the Russian side, they found an encampment to briefly stay But the Russian Army was starting to prepare for war…

First – a break in the action After taking Poland in 1939, the USSR and Germany have divided most of Eastern Europe France is worried, but “protected” by the Maginot line. There is no fighting, just watching – a “phony war”

Hitler’s East flank was now protected Schlieffen Plan redo Germany can now set its sights on the Western Europe France Nice interactive WWII map

April 9, 1940 – German Blitzkrieg part deux Germany’s lightning war advances into Denmark and Norway May 1940, German troops invade Belgium, Holland Luxembourg – all on their way to …. France Britain is forced off the continent at Dunkirk, losing huge amounts of military material, but just barely saving most of its remaining British Expeditionary Force and many French troops – a total of about 340, 000 allied troops were saved by June 4, 1940

Now its Britain’s turn • Germany attacks by air in summer of 1940 – bombs many cities and factories • Royal Air Force very successfully defends Britain because of … • RADAR • ENIGMA • By spring 1941, Hitler is turned away… • Sets his sights, now on…

North Africa – Axis attacks British positions in Egypt are the goal of Axis offensive in 1940 -1941 Italy attacks out of Libya into Egypt Britain has a counteroffensive into Libya pushing back Italy German offensive pushes Britain out of Libya at Tobruk Battle Britain, led by Montgomery, defends Egypt successfully against major German offensive. Stalemate ensues.

Balkans – Axis attacks Axis wants to set the stage for an attack on USSR. So the Balkans are conquered.

Sorry, Joe – I lied Time for taking out the hated commies Operation Barbarossa kicked off June 22, 1941 Blitzkrieg at first, massive, lightning invasion Soviets fight hard – Hitler lays siege to Leningrad and Stalingrad Soviet use the same defense as the Russians did against Napoleon – scorched earth and then let the winter do the rest

Hitler’s blitzkrieg fails, Germans settle for sieges of Leningrad (St. Petersburg) and Stalingrad Leningrad 9/9/41 -1/27/44 n n 1. 6 million Soviets die, 110 K never found 500 K Germans die Stalingrad 11/19/42 -2/2/43 n n Germans can’t handle Russian winter Devastating house-byhouse fighting through rubble In the Soviet Union…

E) Stalingrad 1942 -1943

Moishe, Pesha and Label The Hubers stayed in an encampment for other refugees. To feed themselves they hunt for berries and other food in the forest. They also cut firewood and sell it to local villagers They make most of their money by finding the clothing of dead soldiers, cleaning it, cutting it up and making quilts out of them pieces. Then they sell the quilts for food.

The World is at War the US is not To avoid another massive war with massive deaths… To avoid having to spend government money on armament… To focus attention on the problems of the Great Depression at home… Congress passes Neutrality Acts BUT….

The US passes the Lend-Lease Act Basically gives military supplies to Britain and USSR British ships begin to carry the supplies German U-Boats attempt to sink the ships US Navy protects the ships in convoys So begins the 5 year Battle of the Atlantic even before the US is officially fighting the war

The Atlantic Charter – a plan for the future of the world after the Allies win WWII and analyze the Atlantic Charter page 7 1. 1. No. Read territorial gains were to be sought by the United 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. States or the United Kingdom. Territorial adjustments must be in accord with the wishes of the peoples concerned. All peoples had a right to self-determination. Trade barriers were to be lowered. There was to be global economic cooperation and advancement of social welfare. Freedom from want and fear. Freedom of the seas. Disarmament of aggressor nations, postwar common disarmament.

The Atlantic Charter – a plan for the future of the world after the Allies win WWII 1. #4, 5, 6 (sorta) and 7 2. All of the 20 th Century nations were industrialized or wanted to, and thus needed natural resources for economic growth, employment and improved standards of living. 3. Economic insecurity of the Great Depression and post-WWI period led to the rise of authoritarianism and people looked for strong leaders to solve their problems. 1. Also, economic security and freedom from want lead people to support regimes rather than work against them – resulting in political security. 4. When standards of living decline, or privation occurs, people often blame government, and then seek to change that government in the hope of improving their material well-being.