Endocrine System What is the Endocrine System Endocrine

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Endocrine System

Endocrine System

What is the Endocrine System? Endocrine System- A group of ductless glands that secrete

What is the Endocrine System? Endocrine System- A group of ductless glands that secrete hormones into the bloodstream. Hormones- The substances produced and secreted by the endocrine glands; often referred to as “chemical messengers. ”

Glands There are 5 major glands in the body: Pituitary Thyroid Parathyroid Adrenal Pancreas

Glands There are 5 major glands in the body: Pituitary Thyroid Parathyroid Adrenal Pancreas Other glands in the body include: Ovaries Testes Thymus Pineal Body Placenta

Glands Pituitary gland Also known as the “master gland” Produces many hormones that affect

Glands Pituitary gland Also known as the “master gland” Produces many hormones that affect other glands Hormones secreted by the pituitary gland include: ACTH- Adrenocorticotropic TSH- Thyroid Stimulating Located at the base of the brain GH- Somatotropin Diseases that affect the pituitary gland include: FSH- Follicle Stimulating LH- Luteinizing (women) ICSH- Intersitial Cell Stimulating (men) LTH- Lactogenic or Prolactin MSH- Melanocyte Stimulating Acromegaly Giantism Diabetes Insipidus ADH- Vasopressin Dwarfism Oxytocin

Glands Thyroid Gland Synthesizes hormones that regulate metabolism and control blood calcium In order

Glands Thyroid Gland Synthesizes hormones that regulate metabolism and control blood calcium In order to produce hormones, the gland needs iodine Located in the front of the upper trachea Diseases that affect the thyroid gland include : Goiter Hyperthyroidism Hypothyroidism Graves’ Disease Hormones secreted by the thyroid gland include: Thyroxine Triiodothyronine Thyrocalcitonin

Glands Parathyroid Gland Is a group of 4 small glands Regulates the amount of

Glands Parathyroid Gland Is a group of 4 small glands Regulates the amount of calcium in the blood Located behind and is attached to the thyroid gland Diseases that affect the parathyroid gland include: Hyperparathyroidism Hypoparathyroidism Hormone secreted by the thyroid gland include: PTH- Parathormone

Glands Adrenal Glands Also known as the “suprarenal glands” Each adrenal gland has 2

Glands Adrenal Glands Also known as the “suprarenal glands” Each adrenal gland has 2 parts: adrenal cortex and medulla Hormones secreted by the adrenal glands include: Cortex: Adrenal Cortex secretes steroid hormones Medulla secretes sympathomimetic hormones Cortisol Adrenals are located above both kidneys Estrogen Diseases that affect the adrenal glands include: Aldosterone Cortisone Androgen Medulla: Addison’s Disease Epinephrine Cushing’s Syndrome Norepinephrine

Glands Pancreas A fish shaped organ located behind the stomach It secretes hormones that

Glands Pancreas A fish shaped organ located behind the stomach It secretes hormones that regulate blood glucose levels Diseases that affect the pancreas include: Diabetes Mellitus: Type I and Type II Hormones secreted by the pancreas include: Insulin Glucagon

Glands Other endocrine glands and the hormones they secrete Ovaries: Female gonad; located on

Glands Other endocrine glands and the hormones they secrete Ovaries: Female gonad; located on each side of the uterus. Estrogen Progesterone Testes: Male gonad; located in the scrotal sac. Testosterone Thymus: Tissue mass; located in the upper chest under the sternum; responsible for activating the immune system. It atrophies during puberty and becomes a mass of connective tissue and fat. Thymosin Pineal Body: Small structure located attached to the roof of the third ventricle in the brain. Little is known about the pathophysiology. Melatonin Serotonin Placenta: Temporary endocrine gland produced during pregnancy; located within the uterus; acts as a link between mother and fetus; provides nutrition for the fetus Estrogen Chorionic Gonadotropin Progesterone �

Endocrine System Diseases & Disorders

Endocrine System Diseases & Disorders

 Acromegaly Giantism Diabetes Insipidus Dwarfism Read about the following diseases on Pgs. 221

Acromegaly Giantism Diabetes Insipidus Dwarfism Read about the following diseases on Pgs. 221 -225 in the textbook. Goiter Hyperthyroidism Hypothyroidism Graves’ Disease Hyperparathyroidism Hypoparathyroidism Addison’s Disease Cushing’s Syndrome Diabetes Mellitus: Type I and Type II Then use your knowledge to try to diagnose the five patients on the Endocrine Diseases and Disorders Worksheet! Turn it in for a grade when you’re done!