Endocrine System Made up of its glands and

Endocrine System • Made up of its glands and hormones • The glands are called ductless • The release hormones directly into the blood stream

• The blood stream transports hormones throughout the body. • Each hormone acts on a certain type of tissue called its target tissue.

Pituitary • Location: Base of Brain • Hormone: Growth hormone • Function: stimulates the elongation of bones in the body.

Hypothalamus • Controls the pituitary gland • Receives information from the nervous system

Thymus • Helps develop the immune system

Parathyroid • Location: embedded in back of thyroid gland. • Hormone: Parathormone • Function: Controls the metabolism of calcium

Adrenal Gland • Location: on top of kidney • Hormone: Adrenaline • Function: Raises blood sugar level and increases heart beat and breathing rates.

Islets of lagerphones • Location: Pancreas • Hormones: Insulin • Function: Stimulates glucose uptake by cells. • Hormone: Glucagon • Function: Promote conversion (change of glycogen to glucose)

Ovary’s • Hormone: estrogen • Function: Help develop secondary characteristics in females.

The Testes • The testes secrete male sex hormones called androgens. • Testosterone is an androgen that affects the secondary characteristics in men.

Thyroid Gland • Located in the neck in front of the trachea • Thyroid gland releases the hormone thyroxine. • Function: regulates the rate of metabolism.

Goiter • Not enough iodine in the diet (iodine defiance) • Causes swelling of the thyroid gland

Goiter

Diabetes • Undersecretion of insulin. • High blood sugar •

Gigantism

Gigantism • 12 year old boy • Measure 6 -5 • Oversecreation of growth hormone • Occurs during childhood

• Tallest man 8 feet 11 inches.

• At 7'4" and 500 pounds, Andre the Giant could have been famous for his size alone. His drive, talent and ambition, however, proved to be as big as Andre himself, and the wrestler became legendary for his achievements in and out of the ring.

Acromegaly • Occurs in adults • Bones of hands face and feet are enlarged • Do to the release of growth hormone.

Dwarfism • Under secretion of growth hormone during childhood.