Endocrine System CNA 2 OSBN Curriculum http www

Endocrine System CNA 2 OSBN Curriculum http: //www. medcomrn. com/dev/flash/flvpla yer/movie. php? movie=http: //ss 1. medcomrn. com/flv/78723 r_sec 01_300 k. flv&title=&dete ctflash=false&detectflash=false

Overview Anatomy & Physiology �System of Glands �Function: ◦ Body Metabolism ◦ Growth ◦ Reproduction � 4 Major Glands ◦ Pituitary ◦ Thyroid ◦ Pancreas ◦ Adrenals

Pituitary �Master Gland ◦ Makes Hormones for other glands �Regulates ◦ Growth ◦ Reproduction http: //www. medcomrn. com/dev/flash/flvplayer/movie. php? movie= http: //ss 1. medcomrn. com/flv/78723 r_sec 02_300 k. flv&title=&det ectflash=false&detectflash=false

Adrenals �Sit on kidneys �Secrete Epinephrine �Flight or Fight http: //www. medcomrn. com/d ev/flash/flvplayer/movie. php? movie=http: //ss 1. medcomrn. c om/flv/78723 r_sec 03_300 k. flv &title=&detectflash=false&det ectflash=false

Cushing’s Syndrome �Cortisol Exposure for Too Long �#1 Cause: Excessive Steroid Use ◦ Chronic Breathing ◦ Chronic Inflammation

Observation & Reporting

CNA 2 Actions �Diet: ◦ High: protein & K+ ◦ Low: carbohydrates & Na+ �Body Image Adjustment �Emotional Support

Thyroid Gland �Regulates ◦ Parathyroid Metabolism �Regulates Ca �Hypothyroidism ◦ Not enough hormone �Hyperthyroidism ◦ Too much hormone

Hyperthyroidism �Overactive �Causes: Thyroid ◦ Graves’ Disease ◦ Excessive Intake of Thyroid Hormones ◦ Thyroiditis ◦ Excessive Iodine Intake �Significantly Accelerated Metabolism

Observation & Reporting

Hypothyroidism �Not enough hormone �Lack of Iodine �Pituitary disease �Advancing age

Hypothyroidism Observation & Reporting �Facial Myxoedema �Weak/Fatigue �Depression �Wt. Gain �Cold Intolerances �Constipation �Dry, Thick Skin

CNA 2 Actions �Monitor: ◦ VS ◦ Accurate I&O ◦ Weight ◦ Activity �Limit Fatigue �Cluster activities �Plan rest periods ◦ Report Abnormals �Medical Id bracelet �Refer questions/concerns to nurse

Pancreas �Regulates Blood Glucose and Insulin

Diabetes Mellitus �Three ◦ Type 1 Types �Onset early in life �Pancreas not producing enough insulin �Insulin injections ◦ Type 2 �Adults �Body doesn’t use insulin well �Diet/exercise/PO meds ◦ Gestational (GDM) �During pregnancy �Generally goes away after birth http: //www. medcomrn. com/dev/flash/flvplayer/movie. php? movie =http: //ss 1. medcomrn. com/flv/m 231_sec 01_300 k. flv&title=&det ectflash=false&detectflash=false

Hypoglycemia Observations & Reporting � Blood Sugar < 60 � Cold, clammy skin � Irritability � Rapid, shallow breathing � Rapid pulse � Vision Changes � Convulsions � Faintness

Hyperglycemia Observation & Reporting � CBG>125 � Polydipsia � Polyphagia � Polyuria � Weakness � Low BP � Kussmaul Breathing

CNA 2 Actions �Report ◦ Abnormal CBG ◦ s/s ◦ Food intake �Emotional Support �Adequate Intake

Diabetic Ketoacidosis: DKA �Dangerous Complication �Too Many Ketones �Body Acidic �CBG > 400 �Up to 1000 �Mostly in ICU

Observations & Reporting

CNA 2 Actions �Generally in Critical Care �As directed by the nurse �Hourly CBG �Report ALL Readings �Regulate Diet �Emotional Support

Diabetes Insipidus �Excessive ◦ 5 -15 L/day �May Urination be from ◦ Rx’s ◦ Head Trauma ◦ Pituitary Disorders �Treated with Meds

Observations & Reporting �Urinary �Thirst Frequency �Dehydration

CNA 2 Actions �Accurate I&O �Daily Weights �Monitor for Dehydration �Report changes to nurse

CBG Testing � https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=oiq. Dx 1 g 33 CU � https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=8 XAYk. FBJFr. U � https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=z. O 8 q. Owiz. UNI CBG Testing �A 1 C testing the “cornerstone” of diabetes management. ◦ a blood test that provides information about a person’s average levels of blood glucose, also called blood sugar, over the past 3 months.