Endocrine and Reproductive Systems Endocrine 1 Endocrine 2

Endocrine and Reproductive Systems

Endocrine 1 Endocrine 2 Repro 1 Repro 2 Pictures 10 10 10 20 20 20 30 30 30 40 40 40 50 50 50

Endocrine 1 - 10 Points QUESTION: • What are two features of the endocrine system? ANSWER: • Ductless glands • Coordinates with nervous system • Slow responses

Endocrine 1 – 20 Points QUESTION: • This type of hormone circulates in the blood bound to plasma proteins? ANSWER: • Steroid hormones

Endocrine 1 – 30 Points QUESTION: • Which hormone causes blood glucose to increase? Name the two ways it does this. ANSWER: • Glucagon • Gluconeogenesis • Glycogenolysis

Endocrine 1 – 40 Points QUESTION: • What causes diabetes mellitus? What are three signs of diabetes? ANSWER: • Hyposecretion of insulin or hypoactivity of insulin • Polydipsia, polyphagia, polyuria

Endocrine 1 – 50 Points QUESTION: • Describe the production of thyroid hormone? ANSWER: • Iodine moves from the blood through the follicle cell into the lumen • Thyroglobulin is synthesized in the golgi apparatus, moves to lumen • Tyrosines and iodine combine to make T 1 and T 2 • These combine to make T 3 and T 4 • Form lysosome in follicle cell, this removes excess colloid • T 3 and T 4 exocytosed into blood

Endocrine 2 – 10 Points QUESTION: • What are three types of stimuli for hormone release? ANSWER: • Humoral • Neural • Hormonal

Endocrine 2 – 20 Points QUESTION: • Name the anterior pituitary hormones. ANSWER: • LH • FSH • PRL • ACTH • GH • TSH

Endocrine 2 – 30 Points QUESTION: • Hypersecretion of GH in adults can cause _______, in children _______. Hyposecretion in children cause _________. ANSWER: • Acromegaly • Gigantism • Pituitary dwarfism

Endocrine 2 – 40 Points QUESTION: • What happens if an animal is deficient in iodine? ANSWER: • Lack of TH produced • Goiter

Endocrine 2 – 50 Points QUESTION: • Describe how lipid soluble hormones exert their effects on a cell. ANSWER: • Diffuses through plasma membrane • Binds intracellular receptor • Enters nucleus • Binds response element • Initiate transcription of m. RNA

Repro 1 – 10 Points QUESTION: • The testes must remain _______ degrees cooler than core body temperature. ANSWER: • 3

Repro 1 – 20 Points QUESTION: • What are three accessory glands in the male? ANSWER: • Seminal vesicles • Prostate gland • Bulbourethral gland

Repro 1 – 30 Points QUESTION: • Sertoli cells secrete three substances. What are they and what do they do? ANSWER: • Inhibin – represses FSH • ABP – increases T concentration in testes • MIS – prevents formation of Mullerian ducts

Repro 1 – 40 Points QUESTION: • What are the four stages of follicle maturation? ANSWER: • Mitotic division of germ cells • Nuclear arrest • Cytoplasmic growth • Resumption of meiosis

Repro 1 – 50 Points QUESTION: • Describe production of estrogen. ANSWER: • Cholesterol becomes testosterone in thecal cells • T goes to granulosa cell • Aromatase converts T to estrogen

Repro 2 – 10 Points QUESTION: • ______ causes ovulation ANSWER: • LH surge

Repro 2 – 20 Points QUESTION: • What mechanisms ensure that the sperm and egg meet in the uterine tube? ANSWER: • Prostaglandins – reverse peristalsis, cervix mucus less viscous • Peristalsis and cilia in uterine tube

Repro 2 – 30 Points QUESTION: • What is the maternal recognition of pregnancy in humans? Cows? Pigs? Horses? ANSWER: • h. CG • Interferon tau • Estrogen • Unknown peptide

Repro 2 – 40 Points QUESTION: • Which gene determines if a developing fetus will be male or female? ANSWER: • SRY gene

Repro 2 – 50 Points QUESTION: • Describe the cortical reaction. ANSWER: • Sperm moves past corona radiata • Binds to ZP 3 receptors • Acrosomal reaction digests zona pellucida • Sperm binds sperm binding receptors • Plasma membranes fuse • Causes rise of calcium, hardening zona pellucida and blocking sperm receptors

Pictures – 10 Points QUESTION: • Identify the glands ANSWER: • Thyroid gland • Parathyro id gland

Pictures – 20 Points QUESTION: • Identify the parts of a sperm ANSWER: • Head • Midpiece • Tail

Pictures – 30 Points QUESTION: • Name the different follicles and structures on the ovary. ANSWER: • Primordial • Primary • Secondary • Tertiary • Mature • CL

Pictures – 40 Points QUESTION: • Name the layers of the endometrium. ANSWER: • Stratum functionalis • Stratum basalis

Pictures – 50 Points QUESTION: • Describe the formation of mature sperm cells. ANSWER: