Ending the Civil War The beginning of 1863

Ending the Civil War The beginning of 1863 had gone well for the Confederacy. They had won at Chancellorville. Unfortunately, Stonewall Jackson had died and the south was in need of supplies. Lee decided it was time to take the offensive…in the north. 3 Day Battle – Lee had the advantage South did well…but By the numbers: & wanted to trip up the made some ü 3 Day Battle northern strategy strategic mistakes ü 23, 000 Union Vicksburg, MS. that cost them Casualties ü 28, 000 Confederate Casualties ü 30% total Casualties Gettysburg, PA In Nov. 1863, Pres. Lincoln delivers an address when the cemetery is dedicated The high amount of at Gettyburg. The 2 losses will hurt the minute speech will south the most. become one of the Lee’s army will not most famous ever fully recover. given.

Ending the Civil War The day after Lee lost at Gettysburg, Grant took Vicksburg, Miss. By July 10 th of 1863, all Confederate holdouts in Mississippi were under Union control. The South was cut in two. The beginning of the end was near. North v. Grant appointed Sherman • Sherman believes in total war…cuts a path through the south to the Atlantic known as “Sherman’s March to the Sea. ” v. Grant takes on Lee in Virginia. • Grant could afford high casualties & had them but, as he promised Lincoln, “there would be no turning back. ” South: v. Running low on supplies, fighting men, & money v. Davis has problems w/ gov’t, cannot unite the Confederate States v. In every southern state (except SC), soldiers turned sides, fighting for the north v. By 1864, many states saw open meetings for peace, & eventually open opposition to the war. March 1865, Grant is approaching Richmond. In April, Davis & the Confederate government fled the city. Lee met Grant at Appomattox Court House and accepted the terms of surrender. Within 2 months all Confederate resistance was over.

Election of 1864 By the election of 1864, many were upset over the war’s length. Others were had even more southern sympathies. Lincoln was not optimistic that he would win the election. Radical Republicans: Democrats: üFavored harsh üNominated Lincoln üTired of war & high punishments for south üChose Andrew Johnson to casualty rates üCalled themselves the run w/ him üMany pro-southern party National Union Party • Pro-Union Democrat members üNominated John Fremont from Tennessee üNominated George üAs tide of war turns, he üLincoln favors lenient Mc. Clellan drops out readmission for south • Ran an immediate armistice platform Helped by timely Union victories in the fall of 1864, Lincoln will win election to a 2 nd term. Unfortunately, Lincoln will not live to implement his plan for readmission of the south. He is assassinated by John Wilkes Booth on April 14 th. Lincoln will die the next morning.