Employment in Canada Jobs Employment by industry Canada
Employment in Canada Jobs
Employment by industry • Canada is unusual among developed countries because “Primary Industries” such as logging and the oil industries are two of Canada's most important. • Canada also has a sizable manufacturing sector, based in Central Canada, with the automobile industry and aircraft industry being especially important. • http: //www. statcan. gc. ca/tables-tableaux/sumsom/l 01/cst 01/econ 40 -eng. htm
How can industrial activity be classified? There are many different types of industry. We can classify industry into four main categories: Primary Secondary Tertiary Quaternary
What is a primary industry? These industries extract raw materials directly from the earth or sea. The primary sector includes establishments involved in the exploitation and initial processing of natural resources. Coal mining includes establishments that break, wash, grade or otherwise prepare coal for use as a fuel. Other examples include mining precious and other metals, oil and gas, and forestry.
GDP by Industry Gross Domestic Product: The total market value for all goods and services produced in a country for a given year For centuries, Canada's primary industries — agriculture, fishing and trapping, mining, fuel and energy, and logging and forestry — were the foundation of the economy. % of Jobs
Primary Industry Agriculture Canada exports food products worth $24 billion to 180 countries. Farming is practised on about 7% of Canada's land area, primarily in two main ecozones: � Prairies � Mixedwood Plains
Agriculture Major products: Crops Horticulture – Vegetable gardens Viticulture - Grapes Livestock – Domesticated animals Dairy, poultry and eggs
Agriculture - where Major agricultural regions: fruits and vegetables in B. C. and Ontario beef cattle in Alberta wheat and canola in Saskatchewan and Manitoba mixed farming and dairy cattle in Ontario and Quebec potato farming in P. E. I. and New Brunswick
Primary Industry Forestry Canada has the second largest continuous forested area on earth, after Russia. Forests cover 50% the nation's land mass and constituting 10% of the globe's forest cover. World's largest exporter of wood pulp, paper, sawn wood and wood-based panels. Who owns Canada’s forests? 94% publicly owned (majority provincial) www. treecanada. ca
Forests in North America
Forest Regions http: //atlas. nrcan. gc. ca
Making Connections 2014 page 113
Primary Industry MINING IN CANADA • • • Industrial Minerals Metallic Minerals Challenges to mining
What is a mineral? o 1. 2. 3. Naturally occurring, pure, non-living substance found in rocks Industrial minerals e. g. sand gravel Fossil fuels e. g. coal, oil, natural gas Metallic minerals e. g. gold, copper
Canada’s Leading Minerals 2012 Value $ millions Gold Iron Ore $5, 560 $5, 318. 9 Copper Nickel Uranium Zinc Potash Diamonds Cement Coal $4, 478. 2 $3, 418. 0 $1, 040 $1, 181 $6, 981. 4 $2, 005. 2 $1, 702. 5 $6, 389. 0
Metals produced in Ontario o o o Nickel Gold Platinum Cobalt Copper Silver Zinc Sudbury
Potash § § § Canada is world’s largest potash exporter (43% of world trade) Exports potash to over 40 countries. 95% of the world’s potash consumption is for fertilizers
Fertilizer: key components are nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P) and Potassium (K), which comes from potash. Southern Saskatchewan supplies the world with potash. Making Connections 2014 page 154
World Potash Production Potash is produced in only 12 countries because highquality, economically mineable deposits are geographically concentrated.
Fishing � Canada’s oldest industry � 16% of the world's coastline is Canadian � Peaked in 1990 s ~100, 000 Canadians had commercial licenses � Today 0. 1% of Canadian economy � 80% of catch is exported to 80 countries ($4. 7 billion 2002) � Important recreational activity www. aquatic. uoguelph. ca/fish. htm 48 lbs. Ling Cod Winter Harbour. B. C.
Fishing Cod Trout Lobster Category Description Examples Groundfish Feed and are caught near the ocean floor Cod, halibut, haddock Pelagic fish Feed and are caught near the surface Salmon, tuna, herring Shell fish Animals without backbones & had protective shells Lobster, shrimp, oysters, scallops
East Coast Fishery Decline in East Coast fishery since 1990 Newfoundland: Employed 24, 500 people in 1987 (peak) Only 10, 300 people in 2009 Decline due to: Overfishing by Canadians Improved technology Foreign factory ships Changes in natural conditions
West Coast Fishing Industry Sport Fishing Aquaculture Seafood Production Commercial B. C. Fishing Industry (millions) Sport Fishing $288 Aquaculture $274 Seafood Production $173 Commercial Fishing $135 Sturgeon, B. C.
Farmed Fish Aquaculture: Fish or shell fish raised under supervision, either on land in tanks or in cornered-off sections of the ocean
What is a secondary industry? These industries process and manufacture products from raw materials. The manufacturing, sector is made up of primary and secondary manufacturing establishments. • Primary manufacturing companies process raw materials to produce such supplies as iron and steel, pulp and paper, and petroleum products. • Secondary manufacturing establishments are those that produce consumer goods (e. g. , clothing) and capital goods (i. e. goods used to make other goods, for example, machinery, equipment, parts).
Can you match the minerals with the finished products they created? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. Nickel Natural gas Potash Gold Sand Aluminum Copper Iron ore Uranium Oil Zinc Limestone A. Electrical wire B. Glass and ceramics C. Fertilizer D. Sun screen E. Heat in your home F. Baseball bats G. Stainless steel knives and forks H. Plastic CD case I. Fort Knox J. Cement K. Steel
Auto assembly plants, Greater Toronto area Making Connections 2014 page 175
Steeltown, Hamilton Making Connections 2014 page 181
Founded in a small warehouse in Toronto 60 years ago, Canada Goose has grown into one of the world's leading makers of luxury apparel.
What is a tertiary industry? These industries provide a service. Service industries, sector includes establishments in both the private and public sectors. These range from food services to laundries to the Bank of Canada. These are establishments that do not harvest or make goods, but provide services to the population (including the sale of commodities and goods to people).
CP Christmas Train 2015 https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=a_j. Wa. Scpt. Q 4
Whistler Zipline https: //www. youtube. com/ watch? v=CZn. FTJjd 530
White water rafting, Fraser canyon https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=X 2 Fr 2 Iufci. M
KURIOS - Cabinet of Curiosities from Cirque du Soleil https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=vy. Cjt 6 WRw 2 Y
What is a quaternary industry? There also quaternary industries. These industries incorporate a high degree of research and technology in their processes and employ highly qualified people. Biotechnology and computer programming are examples of quaternary industries.
Canada’s International Trade 2013 Making Connections 2014 page 187
Canada’s biggest companies 2014 Making Connections 2014 page 195
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