Emerging Trends in Census Data Dissemination UN Statistics

Emerging Trends in Census Data Dissemination UN Statistics Division United Nations Regional Seminar on Census Data Dissemination and Spatial Analysis Bangkok, Thailand, 5 -8 October, 2010

Outline n Census Data Dissemination n Dissemination Challenges n Emerging trends in data dissemination n Geographic products and GIS web-based mapping n Census. Info United Nations Regional Seminar on Census Data Dissemination and Spatial Analysis Bangkok, Thailand, 5 -8 October, 2010

Census dissemination q “A census is not complete until the information collected is made available to potential users in a form suited to their needs”. q The information may be: n included in published tables and reports for general distribution n produced as tables in unpublished form for limited distribution n stored in a database and supplied upon request, or disseminated online (in this case it will be available only to connected populations) United Nations Regional Seminar on Census Data Dissemination and Spatial Analysis Bangkok, Thailand, 5 -8 October, 2010

Used Formats in census data dissemination o Paper publication o CD-ROM, DVD o Static web-pages (html, PDF, excel) United Nations Regional Seminar on Census Data Dissemination and Spatial Analysis Bangkok, Thailand, 5 -8 October, 2010

Dissemination challenges q How to present the right data with the right context to meet users needs – To be user-oriented q How to ensure that the most recent and most correct data are used and displayed-Use of ICT and data accessibility q How to take advantage of the spatial dimension of census data United Nations Regional Seminar on Census Data Dissemination and Spatial Analysis Bangkok, Thailand, 5 -8 October, 2010

Emerging trends in data dissemination o o o o Interactive Database Open access/Free Download Facility Geography Products Web-based Mapping Dissemination of Micro-Data E-Government Social Media/Networking Mobile Technology (SMS, etc. ) United Nations Regional Seminar on Census Data Dissemination and Spatial Analysis Bangkok, Thailand, 5 -8 October, 2010

Focus: q Geographic Products n n n Thematic Maps for publication Digital Geographic Database for dissemination Digital census atlases q Internet Mapping q Census. Info United Nations Regional Seminar on Census Data Dissemination and Spatial Analysis Bangkok, Thailand, 5 -8 October, 2010

41/110 Global geographic information management The Statistical Commission: q (b) Recognized the importance of the integration of geographic and statistical information and the opportunities provided in that context by the swift development of information technology, noting that national statistical offices are playing an increasing role in such integration, especially in the area of census management; q (c) Called upon all national statistical offices to actively participate, in partnership with relevant national authorities, in the further development of national geographic information capacity in the context of spatial data infrastructures, taking full advantage of information technology and focusing special attention on the area of improving statistical and geographic metadata compatibility; United Nations Regional Seminar on Census Data Dissemination and Spatial Analysis Bangkok, Thailand, 5 -8 October, 2010

2: statistics as spatial information Statistical world Source: EUROSTAT The physical world United Nations Regional Seminar on Census Data Dissemination and Spatial Analysis Bangkok, Thailand, 5 -8 October, 2010

Anyone or anything can be associated with a known location in the world United Nations Regional Seminar on Census Data Dissemination and Spatial Analysis Bangkok, Thailand, 5 -8 October, 2010

Map Products q Thematic Maps: n n n A thematic map shows the spatial distribution of one or more specific data themes for standard geographic areas. The map may be qualitative in nature (e. g. , predominant farm types) or quantitative (e. g. , percentage population change). The maps can be viewed on the Internet and downloaded for free (as PDF or EXE files). Examples: o o q Population dynamics and distribution Demographic Characteristics Socio-economic characteristics Household and Housing Reference Maps: n Reference maps show the boundaries, names and codes of standard geographic areas on a background of selected road and water features. United Nations Regional Seminar on Census Data Dissemination and Spatial Analysis Bangkok, Thailand, 5 -8 October, 2010

Digital Geographic Database for Dissemination q Demand for digital geographic databases q Census data are an important input in policy planning and academic analysis in many fields. q Health service provision, educational resource allocation, design of utilities and infrastructure, and electoral planning are some applications where government agencies require spatially referenced small area population statistics. q Commercial users employ such data for marketing applications and location-based decisions. United Nations Regional Seminar on Census Data Dissemination and Spatial Analysis Bangkok, Thailand, 5 -8 October, 2010

Brazil United Nations Regional Seminar on Census Data Dissemination and Spatial Analysis Bangkok, Thailand, 5 -8 October, 2010

US - Census Bureau United Nations Regional Seminar on Census Data Dissemination and Spatial Analysis Bangkok, Thailand, 5 -8 October, 2010

Dynamic census atlases: “thematic maps on the fly” q Alternative to a static census atlas q Publishing of a digital map and database together with mapping software can allow users to produce custom maps of census indicators. q Normally includes digital boundary files at a lower resolution than the full census database to allow fast drawing and low disk usage q closely integrated attribute table should contain only a selected number of census indicators. q Densities and ratios that are appropriate for mapping should already be calculated. United Nations Regional Seminar on Census Data Dissemination and Spatial Analysis Bangkok, Thailand, 5 -8 October, 2010

A screenshot of Ukraine’s dynamics census atlas United Nations Regional Seminar on Census Data Dissemination and Spatial Analysis Bangkok, Thailand, 5 -8 October, 2010

Importance of the Web/Web Mapping q Key medium for the dissemination of census data q Benefits from Web Dissemination: n n Improved timeliness Increased accessibility of products Broader reach of products Increased usability --- User-oriented, accessibility q Web-based mapping n All standard geographic products are disseminated on the Web United Nations Regional Seminar on Census Data Dissemination and Spatial Analysis Bangkok, Thailand, 5 -8 October, 2010

What is a Mashup? q A web application that combines data from more than one source into a single integrated tool n an example is the use of data from Google Maps to add location information to statistical data, thereby creating a new and distinct web service that was not originally provided by either source United Nations Regional Seminar on Census Data Dissemination and Spatial Analysis Bangkok, Thailand, 5 -8 October, 2010

How a mashup works: APIs q Google Maps has a wide array of APIs that let you embed the robust functionality of Google Maps into your own website and applications, and overlay your own data on top of them. q API is an abbreviation for Application Program Interface, a set of routines, protocols, and tools for building software applications. A good API makes it easier to develop a program by providing all the building blocks. A programmer then puts the blocks together. q Web services today are frequently just Application Programming Interfaces (API) or web APIs that can be accessed over a network, such as the Internet, and executed on a remote system hosting the requested services. United Nations Regional Seminar on Census Data Dissemination and Spatial Analysis Bangkok, Thailand, 5 -8 October, 2010

Internet Mapping: How it works q The server-side approach q The client-side approach q Hybrid approach United Nations Regional Seminar on Census Data Dissemination and Spatial Analysis Bangkok, Thailand, 5 -8 October, 2010

Server-side approach request for map output Client Server l. In server-side approach, the user sends a request for a map to the server holding the database. Mapping software on the server processes the request, produces a map—for example, in GIF format—and sends it back to the user. l. Server-side approaches are good at providing access to relatively simple maps to a large, non-expert audience. They would thus be most suitable for a census office’s presentation of census maps to the general public. United Nations Regional Seminar on Census Data Dissemination and Spatial Analysis Bangkok, Thailand, 5 -8 October, 2010

Client-side approach request for map Client data and applets Server • In client-side approach, in contrast, most of the processing tasks are performed on the user’s (client’s) computer locally. • Client-side approaches are preferable for Intranets, where a smaller number of users, with relatively comprehensive knowledge of GIS and mapping, access to complex databases. They would thus be suitable for in-house GIS data access for census office staff. United Nations Regional Seminar on Census Data Dissemination and Spatial Analysis Bangkok, Thailand, 5 -8 October, 2010

Hybrid approach • Combination of server - and client-side approaches. • Combination of the advantages of client-and server-based strategies: - They provide flexibility to the user in querying and manipulating maps locally, but transfer most of the processing load in demanding analysis tasks to the server. - This requires some degree of communication between client and server concerning the available processing power. United Nations Regional Seminar on Census Data Dissemination and Spatial Analysis Bangkok, Thailand, 5 -8 October, 2010

Map Server q A Web Map Service (WMS) is a standard protocol for serving georeferenced map images over the Internet that are generated by a map server using data from a GIS database. (developed by OGC) q WMS is a widely supported format for maps and GIS data accessed via the Internet and loaded into client side GIS software q Most GIS software support WMS United Nations Regional Seminar on Census Data Dissemination and Spatial Analysis Bangkok, Thailand, 5 -8 October, 2010

WEB Mapping Common Interface United Nations Regional Seminar on Census Data Dissemination and Spatial Analysis Bangkok, Thailand, 5 -8 October, 2010

US - Census Bureau American Fact Finder q Thematic Maps (Data) q Reference Maps (Boundaries) United Nations Regional Seminar on Census Data Dissemination and Spatial Analysis Bangkok, Thailand, 5 -8 October, 2010

Japan - Statistics Bureau, Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications q Statistics GIS Plaza q http: //gisplaza. stat. go. jp United Nations Regional Seminar on Census Data Dissemination and Spatial Analysis Bangkok, Thailand, 5 -8 October, 2010

Japan - Statistics Bureau, Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications Area Selection Cadastral Map Graph Settings United Nations Regional Seminar on Census Data Dissemination and Spatial Analysis Bangkok, Thailand, 5 -8 October, 2010 Graph and Map

Scalable Hardware - (Source: ESRI) Blade Server Cluster Server • Faster • Multi Processors • Loosely Coupled • Connected Web Services Desktop . . . and Services Oriented Laptop Tablet PC United Nations Regional Seminar PDA on Census Data Dissemination and Spatial Analysis Cell Phone Bangkok, Thailand, 5 -8 October, 2010

Source: T. Trainor, US Census Bureau, 2009 Potential app? As technological developments and data availability advance rapidly, statistical agencies must be prepared to respond to user expectations for data access and interaction United Nations Regional Seminar on Census Data Dissemination and Spatial Analysis Bangkok, Thailand, 5 -8 October, 2010

United Nations Regional Seminar on Census Data Dissemination and Spatial Analysis Bangkok, Thailand, 5 -8 October, 2010

What is Census. Info ? q A software based on Dev. Info platform with new functionalities q Developed in partnership with UNICEF and UNFPA q Officially launched in February 2009 at the 40 th session of the Statistical Commission q Made available on-line for free United Nations Regional Seminar on Census Data Dissemination and Spatial Analysis Bangkok, Thailand, 5 -8 October, 2010

Cont… q Powerful tool for organizing, storing and presenting census data in a uniform way q Data shared easily and quickly with national and international users, on CD-ROM and on the web q Supports user-defined tables and indicators q Customizable by country United Nations Regional Seminar on Census Data Dissemination and Spatial Analysis Bangkok, Thailand, 5 -8 October, 2010

What can Census. Info produce? q Presents information as indicators and tables with highquality maps and graphs. q Profiles of local, minority and small population q Information for national, regional and local authorities and users q Spatial and graphical analyses q Supplementary metadata covering definitions, classifications and coverage and quality assessments United Nations Regional Seminar on Census Data Dissemination and Spatial Analysis Bangkok, Thailand, 5 -8 October, 2010

Workshops/Website United Nations Regional Workshop on Census. Info, Bamako, Mali, 30 November - 3 December 2009 United Nations Regional Workshop on Census. Info, Maputo, Mozambique, 10 - 13 November 2009 www. devinfo/censusinfo United Nations Regional Seminar on Census Data Dissemination and Spatial Analysis Bangkok, Thailand, 5 -8 October, 2010

THANK YOU! United Nations Regional Seminar on Census Data Dissemination and Spatial Analysis Bangkok, Thailand, 5 -8 October, 2010