Emerging Technology Services Green Offerings An IBM Overview
Emerging Technology Services Green Offerings: An IBM Overview Dr Peter Waggett © Copyright IBM Corporation 2007
Why should clients care? Is climate change happening and is human activity the cause? 2 | 26/11/2020 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2007
Why should clients care? Climate change is happening and human activity is (at minimum) one of the ‘causes’… § Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) 4 th Assessment Report 2007 www. ipcc. ch 3 | 26/11/2020 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2007
IBM: A Longstanding Commitment § Publicly committed to environmental leadership for decades § First corporate environmental policy established by its CEO 36 years ago (in 1971), followed by corporate energy conservation policy in 1974 § Global Environmental Management System covers all intersections between IBM and the environment § 1 st company to earn a single global registration to ISO 14001 (10 years ago in 1997) § Publicly disclosed environmental performance each year for 17 years in a row (since 1990) via a voluntary corporate environmental report § 4 Made possible by global environmental management system (can't report unless you're already measuring and managing) | 26/11/2020 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2007
Who is affected how? Legislation Aim of UK Policy on Climate Change is: § Putting a price on Carbon through: § Emissions trading § Taxation § Regulation § Technology transformation § Mobilising behaviour change Main Business measures are: § Energy White Paper – incentives, market confidence, accelerate transition to low carbon economy. § Climate Change Bill – targets and budgets, enabling powers – e. g. to introduce emissions trading quickly, reporting. § EU ETS (European Union Emissions Trading Scheme), Climate Change Levy and Climate Change Agreements – largest emitters (generating companies and heavy industry) § Carbon Reduction Commitment – all companies with electricity bill over £ 250 K by 2010. Affects different organisations in different ways, but ALL of our clients will be affected by 2010 at the very latest… 5 | 26/11/2020 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2007
Show me the money… We plan to spend $8 bn over the next 10 years - to build a range of low carbon assets and within 10 years deliver carbon dioxide emissions reductions equivalent to those currently emitted by a city the size of Chicago. CITI Targets $50 Bn over 10 years to address global climate change; includes significant increase in investment and financing of alternative energy, clean technology and other Carbon Emissions Reduction activities Ford in UK to Invest at least £ 1 Bn on reducing emissions and fuel consumption technologies, it marks the largest environmental investment by a carmaker in UK 6 | 26/11/2020 Plan A - £ 200 M investment; We'll aim to make our UK and Irish operations carbon neutral within 5 years. We'll maximise our use of renewable energy and only use offsetting as a last resort. Virgin Group founder Richard Branson will spend $3 Bn in the next 10 years on a variety of projects to combat global warming and reduce dependence on fossil fuels. Under a program to cut costs and reduce carbon emissions from its light-duty fleet by 15 percent, the British Government will spend $1. 33 Bn to replace 78, 000 vehicles. Fifteen manufacturers will supply cars over the next four years. The cost will be shared by 38 government departments. © Copyright IBM Corporation 2007
Energy & Climate: Early Action and Results CO 2 Emissions Reduction § Documented baseline for energy conservation and CO 2 emissions reduction goes back to 1990. From 1990 through 2006, IBM’s energy conservation actions: § Conserved 4. 5 billion k. Whrs of electricity § Avoided approximately 3 million metric tons of CO 2 emissions (equivalent to 44% of the company’s 1990 emissions) § Saved $290 million PFC Emissions Reduction § Led voluntary efforts to reduce PFC emissions from semiconductor manufacturing 7 § Reduced PFC emissions 55% from 2000 -2006 § 1 st semiconductor manufacturer to announce numeric goal for reducing PFC emissions (1998) | 26/11/2020 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2007
Energy & Climate: Early Action and Results (cont. ) Renewable Energy § Significantly increased procurement of renewable energy § 11 million k. Whrs in 2001 § 368 million k. Whrs in 2006 (7. 4% of IBM’s global electricity purchases) § 272 million k. Whrs of renewable energy § 96 million k. Whrs of RECs Employee Mobility § Pioneer of employee telecommuting and work-at-home programs § Helps employees balance demands of work and life § Nearly 1/3 of global workforce participates (>100, 000 employees) § Conserved approximately 8 million gallons of fuel and avoided over 68, 000 tons of CO 2 emissions in the U. S. alone in 2006 8 | 26/11/2020 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2007
Energy & Climate: Looking Ahead Next Generation Goal § Notwithstanding early action and results, IBM has established a "next generation" CO 2 emissions reduction goal: § 9 Extend existing achievements in CO 2 emissions reduction by reducing CO 2 emissions associated with IBM's energy use by 12% between 2005 and 2012 based on conservation, use of renewable energy, and/or funding RECs. | 26/11/2020 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2007
Highlights of IBM’s Operational Leadership in Climate Protection The Climate Group Awards & Recognition Early Results 2005 Between 1990 and 2006, IBM’s global energy conservation actions reduced or avoided CO 2 emissions by an amount equal to 44% of its 1990 emissions. 44% 500 400 2005 ‘ 98, ‘ 99, ‘ 01 1998 Become the first Became semiconductor company to set a numerical target for PFC emissions reduction 600 300 2005 USEPA Climate Protection Award 1998 and 2006 55% 58% 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 Charter member 2000 Further extend IBM’s early accomplishments by reducing CO 22 emissions associated with IBM’s energy use 12% from 2005 to emissions associated with IBM’s energy use 12% from 2005 to 2012 via energy conservation, use of renewable energy, and/or funding CO 22 emissions reductions with Renewable and/or funding CO emissions reductions with Renewable Energy Certificates or comparable instruments. Early Support for Disclosure Business Environmental Leadership Council Computer Program Charter member 1992 CHARTER MEMBER 2002 S i n c e WRI GREEN POWER MARKET DEVELOPMENT GROUP Charter member 2000 10 Green Power Purchaser Award 2 0 0 6 Present Goal 100 0 FORTUNE 500 Top 20 2004, 2005, 2006 | 26/11/2020 i n c e p t i o n 1605(b) voluntary emissions Charter member 2003 reporting SSi in nc ce e 1 19 99 95 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2007
The ‘Big Green Initiative’ will begin with four core areas Advanced Energy & Analytics** Green Operations and Supply Chain Advanced Water Management “Maximizing the efficiency & effective-ness of water provision for human, agricultural & industrial consumption”. Scenario modeling: § Weather § Demand § Availability § New technologies Water network management § Sensors § Systems integration Filtration technologies Consulting services “Minimizing the carbon footprint of companies’ operations and supply chains”. Diagnosis Modeling/analysis Process and product redesign Consulting services (Green buildings § Data centers++ § Fabs++ § Offices++) “Minimizing the carbon footprint of energy creation, storage and transmission”. Scenario modeling: § Environmental § C 02 § Demand/availability § New technologies Power grid management § Sensors § Systems integration § Analytics PV technologies Consulting services Computational Modeling Support for computational and business/process modeling and analytics associated with improving global environmental health “Center for Earth System Intelligence” Support for the above and areas such as weather, climate, hydrology, pollution, pandemics…. 11 | 26/11/2020 Carbon Trading § “Enabling buyers and sellers of carbon credits to trade these, within industries, countries and internationally” § Tentative at this stage until we ascertain the basic business model(s) that would be needed. However we are pursuing various consulting leads. ++Separate but related developments **Joint development with Energy and Utilities leading © Copyright IBM Corporation 2007
“Innovation That Matters” for Energy & Climate Protection § Green Data Centers § Intelligent Utility Networks § Intelligent Transport Systems § Big Green Innovations 12 | 26/11/2020 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2007
Innovation for Energy Efficient Data Centers § Reallocating $1 B per year to accelerate green technologies & services and dramatically improve data center energy efficiency § IBM expects to double the computing capacity of its data centers by 2010 without increasing power consumption § Five key steps: Diagnose, Manage & Measure, Cool, Virtualize, Build § Nov 2007: Launched industry’s 1 st corporateled Energy Efficiency Certificate program. Provides clients with third party documentation of energy savings and tradable energy efficiency certificates. 13 | 26/11/2020 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2007
The Green equation for the next 2 -3 Years § Businesses are actively looking at Greener IT § Datacentres waste 875, 000 k. WH of energy a year, or 436, 000 tonnes of CO 2 § By 2008 50% of all Datacentres are power constrained § Energy Second Highest cost in 70% of Datacentres by 2009 § Global Power usage growing by between 2. 7% and 4. 4% per annum § 60% more power needed by 2030 § Green Computing is more than Operational Issues § Manufacture, Managing Suppliers*, Logistics, and Disposal § Political Pressure for ‘Green Position’ § Optimisation of Assets § Increasing asset utilisation § More efficient software and application design and coding 14 | 26/11/2020 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2007
STG - Power and Cooling Advantage Processors How many processors fit into a given power/cooling envelope. Power/Rack § Less power per server means more processing capacity per KW § Customers constrained by either power or cooling can pack more processors into the same power/cooling envelope § Better utilization of data center floor space 15 | 26/11/2020 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2007
Energy in data centres Power and cooling exceeds server Spending – IDC 2006 Spending Installed base (US$B) (M units) Power and cooling 18 $80 16 New server spending $70 14 $60 12 $50 10 $40 8 $30 6 $20 4 $10 2 $ 1996 16 1997 1998 | 26/11/2020 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2007
Where are the Watts consumed ? Servers Hardware Data Center Server Loads Typical Utilization Mainframe 80 – 90% Unix 10 – 20% Wintel 5 – 12% AC/DC losses; 25% HVAC, UPS 40% Fans; 9% Used Resource Idle; 20% = 3, 6% of total 80% IT power 60% Processor DC/DC losses; 10% 30% Standby; 2% Drives; 6% PCI; 3% Planar; 4% Memory; 11% Need one more W of compute energy ? 27 W data center X 1, 7 16 W equiv IT power SPL Sites & Facilities GTS 17 | 26/11/2020 x 3 5 W equiv processor x 5 +1 W equiv. used ressource STG Systems Design © Copyright IBM Corporation 2007
Mainframe vs Intel servers – Power and Space Consumption POWER: System z 9 vs. Linux on Intel 120 250 IBM z 9 In a consolidation, the Intel 200 100 IBM System z 9 may provide: § up to 4 times the same 100 work in the same space 60 40 § upto 12 times the work 50 for the same power 0 Intel 80 Square Feet Kilowatts Enterprise Class (EC) 150 SPACE: System z 9 vs. Linux on Intel consumption 1 vs. 22 8 vs. 157 18 vs. 319 28 vs. 38 vs. 465 602 Processors 54 vs. 789 20 0 1 vs. 22 8 vs. 157 18 vs. 319 28 vs. 465 38 vs. 602 54 vs. 789 Processors The Linux on Intel servers selected in this example are functionally eligible servers considered for consolidation to a System z running at low utilization such that the composite utilization is approximately 5%. The utilization rate assumed for System z EC is 90%. This is for illustration only actual power and space reductions, if any, will vary according to the actual servers selected for consolidation. 18 | 26/11/2020 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2007
The IBM Watson Labs are developing a modeling tool that will capture the carbon and cost impact of key levers • • Suppliers Component Supply $ CO 2 Process Options • • • Order fulfillment process Manufacturing process Shipment process Quality control process Organizational management process • Demand/supply planning • • Modes Shipment frequency Load consolidation Vehicle routing 19 Inventory policy options • Component options • Inventory policy options • Packaging options • Energy options • Process options • Vehicle Routing • Transportation options Assembly Manufacturing • Energy $ CO 2 options Levers Transportation options Supply options Inventory policy options Packaging options Energy options Process options • • • Oil Diesel Hybrid Ethanol Natural gas Other | 26/11/2020 component choices • Sourcing choices • Location choices • Supplier consolidation frequency • Replenishment programs (e. g. JIT, VMI) Levers • Inventory policy options • Packaging options • Energy options • Process options Packaging options • Package size options • Package recycling • • options Corrugated box Styrofoam Plastic Paper work / manuals • Vehicle Routing • Transportation Energy options • Safety stocks • Lot sizes • Planning • Substitutable Distribution options • Energy options $ CO 2 • Vehicle Routing • Transportation options • Energy options Customers © Copyright IBM Corporation 2007
Innovation for Intelligent Utility Networks § Provide processes, technology and partners to deliver informed decision-making through an IP-enabled continuous sensing network that connects all parts of a utility (equipment, control systems, applications, employees) § A new level of enterprise information and integration § Enables continuous monitoring & feedback about a utility's assets and operations to improve situational awareness, reliability, efficiency, flexibility, and environmental stewardship 20 | 26/11/2020 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2007
Emerging Technologies here now… Power Meter http: //realtime. ngi. ibm. com/powermeter 0 -20 p/hour – green 20 -40 p/hour – amber 40 -60 p/hour – red! © Copyright IBM Corporation 2007
Water Meter Mote http: //realtime. ngi. ibm. com/watermeter © Copyright IBM Corporation 2007
“UIF” - Universal Information Framework • Live dashboard display • SMS/IM-style messaging • Alerts and notifications • Action buttons to activate/respond • Image and sound delivery © Copyright IBM Corporation 2007
Live data in Second Life Live Meter reading in Virtual World Could be used in a variety of ways from education to simulation © Copyright IBM Corporation 2007
Innovation for Intelligent Transport Systems § Real time monitoring & forecasting of congestion in cities enables real time action to reduce traffic and emissions § Can charge drivers at point of use for access to city centers § Stockholm Congestion Tax Project § Involves 18 barrier-free control points § Allows differentiated pricing by time of day, congestion level, and potentially emissions level § 1 st month pilot results: § Traffic reduced by 100, 000 vehicle passages per day (25%) § Public transportation passengers increased by 40, 000 / day § Congestion during peak hours dramatically reduced § Corresponding reductions in CO 2 emissions 25 | 26/11/2020 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2007
IBM Cool Bluetm Portfolio Services Components: SERVICES LAYER § Data Center Modeling & Planning § Support for Technology Components § Facilities Integration – Power/Cooling Vendors System Components: SOLUTIONS SYSTEMS LAYER VIRTUALIZATIO N LAYER Thermal Map § Enterprise Management Integration § Power Capacity Planning tools § Power Executive : Measure, Monitor, & Control § Policy based Mgmt: § Deployment-Power-Performance-High Availability Technology Components: TECHNOLOGY LAYER 26 § Power Supplies : DC/AC Measure, Efficiency, i. PDU § CEC: Intel, AMD, Power P 6/P 7 § I/O: Networking, Storage § Virtualization § Packaging : Blade. Center, Rear/Side Heat Exchangers | 26/11/2020 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2007
IBM portfolio of system design and management tools that demonstrate IBM’s leadership and sets the industry agenda for optimal thermal efficiency. IBM has designed and built 30 million sq ft of client raised floor, 100 IBM data centers and 5 of top 14 green / intelligent buildings in Japan. IBM processes an estimated 40, 000 used systems per week through their centers worldwide. In 2006 IBM processed over 100 million pounds of used IT gear sending less than 1% to landfills. 27 | 26/11/2020 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2007
Emerging Technology Services Thank you. peter_waggett@uk. ibm. com +44 (0)1962 817717 © Copyright IBM Corporation 2007
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