Emergency services for SIP Henning Schulzrinne Emergency services

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Emergency services for SIP Henning Schulzrinne

Emergency services for SIP Henning Schulzrinne

Emergency services § Two types of emergency services: – emergency calls ("911", "112") –

Emergency services § Two types of emergency services: – emergency calls ("911", "112") – emergency notification ("inverse 911") § emergency calls are hard: – PSTN gateway dialing 911 may be located anywhere, far away from IP phone – VPNs IP address may not reveal network location

Emergency services § More than just replicating PSTN: – multimedia • video monitoring of

Emergency services § More than just replicating PSTN: – multimedia • video monitoring of accident scene or victim • video instruction in first aid – better than TTY for hearing-impaired – transmit biometric data § Easier to create multiple backup PSAPs

PSTN emergency calling § Basic 911: call number, get routed to one Public Safety

PSTN emergency calling § Basic 911: call number, get routed to one Public Safety Answering Point (PSAP) – since 1968 in the United States – 93% of population covered by 911 § Enhanced 911: – route based on CLID (cannot be suppressed) – provide user location – started in 1970 s, now 95% § see Bellcore SR 4163 for details § see 47 USC 251 for legal mandate

Wireless emergency calling § FCC Phase I: caller ID, cell site § FCC Phase

Wireless emergency calling § FCC Phase I: caller ID, cell site § FCC Phase II mandates user location: – Handset-based: • 50 meters for 67 percent of calls • 150 meters for 95 percent of calls – Network-based: • 100 meters for 67 percent of calls • 300 meters for 95 percent of calls

Vo. IP emergency calls Work for both "legacy" PSAPs and IP-based PSAPs § Define

Vo. IP emergency calls Work for both "legacy" PSAPs and IP-based PSAPs § Define "sos" universal emergency address 1. find location of phone based on § – – street address geocoding long/lat, or mobile: longitude, latitude 2. find appropriate jurisdiction and PSAP 1. use national database: long/lat PSAP 3. find ESR (routing number) call appears like 911 call – convey location to PSAP

Emergency identifier § Requirements: – dialable from all SIP devices – universally recognized –

Emergency identifier § Requirements: – dialable from all SIP devices – universally recognized – note: SOS "save our souls"! L not quite unassigned – consider 112@ and 911@? § Also allow "sos. fire" and others for specialized emergency services § Use sip: sos@home-domain to make handling predictable – intermediate proxies may deflect

Routing emergency calls EPAD 302 Moved Contact: sip: sos@psap. leonia. nj. us Contact: tel:

Routing emergency calls EPAD 302 Moved Contact: sip: sos@psap. leonia. nj. us Contact: tel: +1 -201 -911 -1234 REGISTER sip: sos INVITE sip: sos Location: 07605 SIP proxy INVITE sip: sos@psap. leonia. nj. us Location: 07605

Where is the phone? § Regular GPS doesn't work well – – doesn't work

Where is the phone? § Regular GPS doesn't work well – – doesn't work indoors long time to first fix: 30"-15' assisted GPS (A-GPS) HDTV-based § Landline and 802. 11 phones: – LAN jack tracing via traceroute, ARP, Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP) and SNMP v. LAN tables – 802. 11 field strength triangulation (e. g. , Microsoft, VTT) – hardware identification: • IR/RF tags – user data entry

911 deployment "Bergen County" 400 Broad Avenue Leonia, NJ SIP 010 c 1. leonia.

911 deployment "Bergen County" 400 Broad Avenue Leonia, NJ SIP 010 c 1. leonia. us IP UDP, TCP IP "sos" A@ B@ C@ Leonia c 2. leonia. us Alice ISDN B ISDN D SS 7 ISUP Bob SIP call setup audio (IP or circuit) SIP registration c 1. fortlee. us IP "911" Fort Lee 010 RTP UDP IP Bergen County analog phone IP phone

Open issues § What needs to be standardized? § Are there any other UA

Open issues § What needs to be standardized? § Are there any other UA behaviors? – prevent accidental disconnect – bypass carrier authentication • e. g. , 3 G requirement of REGISTER before calls? § Myth: During PSTN 911 calls, certain features (three-way calls, hang-up) are unavailable – true only for Basic 911

Emergency notification § notify public officials and citizens of emergencies: – "tornado coming" –

Emergency notification § notify public officials and citizens of emergencies: – "tornado coming" – "fugitive alert" § current systems are typically single-mode (fax, telex, phone, TV, loudspeaker) § don't scale well § very limited information content § don't reach citizens outside calling area – people at work § hard to authenticate

SIP-based emergency notification § SIP has scalable event notification feature § use for hierarchical

SIP-based emergency notification § SIP has scalable event notification feature § use for hierarchical notification reflecting civil lines of authority § use XML/WSDL message bodies to semantically describe emergency: – – location type of emergency instructions. . . § allow automated reaction: – routing to legacy systems (pagers, police radios) – translation

Emergency notification

Emergency notification