Eleven Years of Road Safety Audit What Now

Eleven Years of Road Safety Audit. What Now?

Road Safety Audit Way of checking safety of new schemes Does it? Prevents new schemes becoming future collision sites Has it?

Road Safety Audit - History On National Roads since December 2000 Any change to the road layout – includes private developments On non-national roads, Circular RLR 16 of 2008 requires RSA

National Road Network 5, 400 km 6% of network 40% of traffic

Stages of Audit Stage F Feasibility Stage 1 Preliminary design Stage 2 Detailed design Stage 3 Prior to opening Monitoring after 3 years and 6 years – by NRA

Eleven years of Audits 11 years 2001 - 2011 1183 audits approved 928 schemes

Audits Each Year Peak of 200, now roughly 60/yr 250 200 150 100 50 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

Figures up and down, peaking in 2008 Only have first quarter of 2012, but shows a small projected increase.

Audits Each Year – 2012 projected 250 200 150 100 50 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Audit Stage Each Year 250 Stage 3 Stage 2 200 Stage 1 Stage F 150 100 50 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 2002 2001 0

Many more stage 1 than stage 2 Development schemes are required by planning depts to do stage 1, then later stages not done - forgotten Major schemes done by D&B and PPP have stage 1 done 5 or 6 times, as each consortium produces an audit Figures are audits APPROVED – Many project managers have failed to get continuing approval for subsequent audits

Very few stage 3 Small proportion of schemes not implemented although design done Later stage audits not done - forgotten No continuing approval for subsequent audits - approval is not asked for, although audit is done. This issue has been addressed in RSAAS

Majority have only one audit Only 9% of all registered schemes have more than one approved stage of audit This figure is 2% for Development schemes Only 12% of schemes have a stage 3 audit approved 5 % for Development schemes

Audit Stage Each Year 2012 Audit 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 to Total Stage date F 19 6 2 2 1 23 7 24 49 122 86 2 11 16 6 34 62 3 0 2 4 5 11 All 53 31 36 90 0 4 3 1 3 0 43 100 121 43 29 24 6 634 48 37 65 40 22 33 10 384 9 12 34 21 6 10 8 122 196 145 149 224 107 58 70 24 1183

Audit Stage by year – LA Scheme 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2002 2001 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 2003 Stage 2 Stage 1 Stage F

Local Authority/ NRA Schemes Large number of stage 3 in 2008 A lot of MIUs came to completion Big leap in stage 2 last year Probably because smaller NRA & LA schemes are now getting audits done These have no stage 1, just a stage 1 -2, which is effectively a stage 2

Audit Stage by year – Development 180 Stage 3 Stage 2 Stage 1 Stage F 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 2002 2001 20

Development/ Planning Schemes Lack of stage 3 much more marked Only 2% of all schemes have stage 3 audit Proportion not implemented greater Two graphs at roughly same scale Many more developments than LA schemes over past 11 years, especially 2005 -2008 Now much reduced

Audits Each Year LA Scheme/ Development 180 160 Development LA Scheme 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

Audit Stage by year – LA Scheme 2012 Audit 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 to Total Stage date F 19 6 2 2 1 23 7 19 16 35 31 2 11 16 1 7 12 2 4 4 31 26 29 3 All 53 3 3 1 3 39 39 29 16 14 12 5 246 14 6 12 12 8 30 6 135 6 6 9 21 8 5 9 8 82 53 51 54 65 39 28 54 19 502

Audit Stage by year – Development Audit 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Total Stage F 1 2 1 4 1 5 33 87 55 61 92 27 15 12 1 388 2 5 27 50 34 31 53 28 14 3 4 249 1 5 3 3 13 13 1 1 61 143 94 95 159 68 30 16 3 All 10 40 5 681

Eleven years of Auditors 289 Auditors approved Surge of 53 in first year - 2001 Settled to 20 - 25 new auditors each year

New Auditors Each Year 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

Road Safety Audit Approvals System RSAAS in operation since start of 2010 Online system 102 auditors on the system 61 existing auditors re-registered, 41 new Mostly (80%) Consultants

Auditors on RSAAS – 102 70 Local Authority Consultant 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 2011 2012

Auditors Out of 289 approved auditors: Over 40% of all audits in 11 years done by small group Just 15 auditors - 5% of all In recent years (RSAAS) Out of 102 approved auditors : Active 5% of auditors now doing 35% of all audits All consultants

Is Road Safety Audit Working? Yes Way of checking safety of new schemes System now firmly established Most schemes undergo audit at some stage, if not all required stages Concept of safety audit is now accepted by designers “Safe” design automatically and perhaps subconsciously included in new designs RSIA included as integral part of design process

RSA feedback to road design Road Safety Engineers Road Safety Auditors Road Designers

Is Road Safety Audit Working? Yes Prevents new schemes becoming future accident sites Still seeing a few new collision clusters on recently built schemes, but not as many as in earlier times

Eleven years on What has been achieved? Over 900 schemes have been examined Should be no serious road-related safety flaw in these schemes Road design process now automatically considers safety

Stephen Lambert Regional Road Safety Engineer, North Region “ To provide a safe and efficient National Road network

Why are we here? Everybody here is involved in the design, provision and operation of the road network. The NRA and the DOE are committed to the provision and operation of a safe and efficient road network. “ To provide a safe and efficient National Road network

3224 500 450 404 472 458 437 453 2001 to 2010 413 415 411 400 376 374 396 335 350 Fatalities 1994 to 2011 368 279 300 240 250 211 200 185 150 100 50 11 20 10 20 09 20 08 20 07 20 06 20 05 20 04 20 03 20 02 20 00 20 99 19 98 19 97 19 96 19 95 19 19 94 0 185 2011 “ To provide a safe and efficient National Road network

This is no Accident 1994 1995 1996 1997 1999 Milestones since 1994 NRA Mandate, “to provide a safe and efficient road network” NRA’s first allocations for “Low Cost Safety Schemes NRA Authorised to set up a Road Safety Section DOE Promoted the Road Safety Working Groups NSC Set out Road Safety Strategy 1997 to 2002 Operation Life Saver, launched in Louth initially First serious use of the National Accident Database with Mapping NRDO’s established “ To provide a safe and efficient National Road network

This is no Accident 1999 2001 2002 2004 2006 Milestones since 1994 RSA promoted by NRA Joint Task Force to deal with a defined section of a national road Colloision Prevention Programme rolled out nationally Penalty Points System (31/10/2002, 50% reduction in fatalities for 4 month) Penalty Points system extended RSA Set up. Co-ordinate all aspects of road user safety education and Vehicle testing Random Breathe Tests become legal “ To provide a safe and efficient National Road network

This is no Accident 2007 2008 2010 2011 Milestones since 1994 Traffic and Transport Assessments adopted Just in time to miss the Celtic Tiger! Driver Learning Permits, 250, 000 provisional licences replaced MIU’s completed “Go-Safe” vans launched Roll out of Primary and Secondary School’s Road Safety Courses Production of Third Level Road Safety Programme Mandatory Breathe testing of drivers involved in RTCs Mandatory registered driving lessons before being tested “ To provide a safe and efficient National Road network

This is no Accident Milestones since 1994 That summary of some of the miles-stones was to show the wide range of initiatives being undertaken by a lot of agencies and people across a lot of disciplines to make the roads safer. None of us have all the answers but unless we work together none of us will learn anything or get anywhere. “ To provide a safe and efficient National Road network

NRA and Do. E Road Safety Remedial Measures Programmes In 1995 when the “Low Cost Schemes” were first introduced, a lot could be done with very little. Schemes costs ranged from IR£ 500 to IR£ 20, 000 for a big scheme. By 2011 scheme costs ranged up to over € 1 Million. The low hanging fruit is gone or very scarce. “ To provide a safe and efficient National Road network

Road Safety Audit and the NRDO’s In 1999 at the NRA Road’s Conference the SA system was promoted to be implemented in conjunction with the development of the NRDO network. Road Safety Audit was proposed for two reasons: To ensure that designs coming forward for new schemes would not create unforeseen hazards or to bring such hazards to the attention of designers so they were aware of them and decide what, if anything, could be done to reduce or eliminate the associated risks to future road users. To raise the awareness of designers to road related road safety issues such that almost without thinking about it, potential hazards are designed out of proposed schemes. “ To provide a safe and efficient National Road network

Route Assessment and Treatment This year the EU’s Directive on Route Safety Inspections is timely in Ireland’s case. A Road Safety Inspection used in conjunction with the accident database should: Identify hazardous locations along a route, amenable to a series of “low cost” remedial measures suitable for that section. Identify more difficult specific hazards not suitable to “low cost” remedial measures and rank these sites for further investigation and treatment Identify opportunities to improve the “clear-zone” Where none of the above are possible, the overall ranking of the network could be used to prioritise major improvement schemes in 2014, when the country is out of recession. Harry will be talking about the RSIs. “ To provide a safe and efficient National Road network

1994 to present A lot has been achieved. Many lives have been saved but where do we go for the next 18 years and how do we get there? Ireland has one of the best crash databases in Europe. The database is used to target the causes of crashes. Forbes has already spoken about the source of the data. “ To provide a safe and efficient National Road network

The database is used to identify all manner of trends in relation to crashes. Apart from identifying sections of road with higher than average predicted incidents it is used to identify: Month, Time of day, Day of the week Road User Profile, age, sex, drink, local, purpose of journey etc Environmental Profile, wet weather, skidding, surface condition etc Relative risk Collision type, pedestrian, SVC, head-on etc Looking at some of these………. . “ To provide a safe and efficient National Road network

“ To provide a safe and efficient National Road network

Fatal Crashes “ To provide a safe and efficient National Road network

Fatal Crashes “ To provide a safe and efficient National Road network

All Injury Crashes Fatal Crashes “ To provide a safe and efficient National Road network

1/2 MV 2 = Kinetic Energy M = Mass V = Speed in M/S Double the speed Quadruple the energy “ To provide a safe and efficient National Road network

1/2 MV 2 = Kinetic Energy M = Mass V = Speed in M/S Double the speed Quadruple the energy Combining risk per hour, age profile, day of the week and behaviour it is clear why young drivers in rural areas are over represented in road crashes. “ To provide a safe and efficient National Road network

SVCs in Rural Areas Rural Public Transport? Commuters Near Larger Cities Multi-Storey Park and Rides near main Inter-urbans Pedestrians and Cyclists in Urban Areas 30 Km. PH Speed Limits? “ To provide a safe and efficient National Road network

Use what we have and what we can learn to make car crashes the exception and not the norm. 1994 2011 2028 404 185 ZERO “ To provide a safe and efficient National Road network

ZERO………. Vision ZERO Inspired by the Swedish mantra that eventually nobody should be killed or seriously injured within the road transport system. Pie in the sky or what? “ To provide a safe and efficient National Road network

“ To provide a safe and efficient National Road network