Elements and Principles of Design ELEMENTS OF DESIGN

Elements and Principles of Design

ELEMENTS OF DESIGN: 1. Line 2. Shape 3. Texture 4. Colour PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN: 1. Balance 2. Proportion 3. Rhythm 4. Emphasis 5. Harmony

https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=Yee. FP Ck. SMuc&t=96 s

Element of Design: Line: an elongated mark that connects 2 or more points. Structural: are created by the structure of the garment. • Example: seam lines, yoke, panels, pleats – hold the garment together Decorative lines: are created for visual appeal, but unlike structural lines, not necessary for garment to stay together. • Examples: Trims and lined patterns in the material Types of lines in fashion Vertical Curvy Diagonal Horizontal Jagged Weight – thick/thin

Line: Structural versus Decorative Lines Structural The seam down the middle Decorative using the stripes in the material

Line: Vertical Direction Notice the difference in the weight of the lines. Some of the vertical lines are thin, while other vertical lines are much wider.

Line: Horizontal Direction Notice the difference in the weight of the lines. Horizontal lines lead the eye across the garment. Use these lines to look wider because they reinforce width and add bulk.

Line: Diagonal Direction Creates the illusion of activity, excitement, drama, and motion. Use these lines to add emphasis to an area of the body, or to add interest to a look.

Line: Curvy Shape Curvy lines are often found in necklines, bows, lapels, sleeves, ruffles, skirts, and gathers. Curvy lines lead the eye around the garment.

Line: Jagged Shape Jagged lines create bold interest for the eye. Draw the eye’s attention to where they are used.

Element of Design: Shape: refers to the silhouette of a garment. Shape or silhouette in fashion is important because it affects how someone sees a fashion. Our eyes perceive shapes, which have an impact on how the garment is perceived.

Shape: Hourglass This shape shows the bust and hip at approximately the same width, while the waist is narrower.

Shape: Wedge This shape shows width at the shoulders, while the garment narrows in at the bottom. Use this silhouette to make shoulders appear broader.

Shape: Tubular This shape shows the shoulder, waist, and hip with little definition. Garments do not cling to the body. The tubular shape draw the eye’s attention up and down the length of the body.

Shape: Bell This fashion shape shows a fitted top, with a full, bellshaped skirt. The bell shape draw the eye’s attention to the waist and hip area.

Shape: A-Line Fashions that resemble the shape of the capital letter A - narrow at the top which broadens out toward the bottom.

Element of Design: Texture: surface quality of goods. The weave and texture of a fabric affects the way it drapes, which affects the way a garment looks when it is worn. Examples: All over garment, As embellishment, In outfits

Texture: All-Over Garment Entire garments can be made out natural or synthetic wool, fur, or leather.

Texture: As Embellishment The garment the main fabric, while embellishment is added with a secondary fabric.

Texture: In Outfits Mixing and matching various textures creates interest in one’s look.

Element of Design: Colour: Refers to Hue, Tint and Intensity Hue: colors in the color wheel Tint: The whiting and greying of the colour Intensity: How bright or dull a color looks One of the most important elements in fashion

Hue - The actual name of the color on the color wheel. 12 basic hues: 3 Primary, 3 secondary & 6 intermediate/tertiary colors

Tint/Shade: (light and dark) the lightness or darkness of the HUE. Can go from very light to very dark

Intensity - The brightness or dullness of a “hue” color

Color Combinations • Monochromatic • Complementary • Analogous • Triatic

Monochromatic - shades are those of a single colour in various gradients.

Complementary - directly opposite each other on the traditional colour wheel. red and green, violet and yellow and blue and orange.

Analogous - two or three shades are side by side on the colour wheel, like red, orange and yellow.

Triadic - three shades in the colour wheel that are equal distance apart from each other. Pink, green and orange

Principle of Design: Balance: distribution of the visual weight of objects, colors, texture, and space. Symmetrical balance: Elements used on one side of the design are similar to those on the other side Example: straight hemline Asymmetrical balance: the sides are different but still look balanced. Example: a skirt with a deliberate jag, uneven hemline Balance can be achieved with the use of features such as seams, hemlines, and necklines.

Principle of Design: Balance Symmetrical The left and right sides are exactly the same - mirror images of each other. Asymmetrical These photos show asymmetrical balance in neckline and/or hemline.

Principle of Design: Proportion: the size of a part in relation to the size of the whole. Proportion in fashion design is the principle that says various components of a garment or accessory look good together (i. e. with balanced size and scale). Golden Rule when putting outfits together: 1: 2, 2: 3 or 3: 5 ratio top to bottom

Proportion

1: 1 ratio top to bottom 1: 2 ration top to bottom

Principle of Design: Proportion – Fashion that challenges the rule

Principle of Design: Rhythm: invites the observer’s eye to move over a garment. The following techniques create rhythm: Repetition – repeating lines, shapes, colours, or textures Gradation – increasing or decreasing lines, shapes, colours, or textures Radiation – lines or colours flow out from a single point

Principle of Design: Rhythm Repetition In shape, line

Principle of Design: Emphasis: interest is concentrated in a particular part or area of a design. May be achieved: with contrasts of colours, textures, lines, or unusual shapes.

Principle of Design: Emphasis

Principle of Design: Harmony: a pleasing visual unity of all aspects of a design Unity + Variety = Harmony Unity: unity of all 4 design principles – Balance, Proportion, Rhythm and Emphasis Variety: Several Elements of Design are used – design is not boring

Examples on the runway • https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=0 oaq. IJGw. COI