Electricity Lesson 9 Comparing Series Parallel Circuits Learning

Learning Intention By the end of this lesson I will Deepen my knowledge of

Starter Questions Label each of the following circuits as series or parallel 1. 2.

Starter Answers Label each of the following circuits as series or parallel 1. 2.

Activity 1: Venn Diagram • What to do: Work with a partner to construct

Activity 1: Ideas r cu o f th a p ow l e f

Activity 2: Advantages & Disadvantages • Think about the differences between a parallel and

Activity 2: Advantages of Parallel 1. Better control with switches • Think about your

Activity 2: Advantages of Parallel 2. Keep going! • In a series circuit, if

Activity 2: Advantages of Parallel 3. Consistent Voltage • One of the advantages of

Advantages of Parallel Circuits have 2 main advantages over series circuits. The first advantage

Activity 3: Designing a Circuit Work with a partner to draw a circuit design

Activity 3: Designing a Circuit Design Option 1: Joe has a burglar alarm in

Activity 3: Designing a Circuit Design Option 2: Rosie owns a café. She also

Activity 3: Designing a Circuit Design Option 3: A car park needs the light

Activity 3: Designing a Circuit Design Option 4: A teacher has a quiz game

Summary Series and Parallel circuits have different features which make them useful in different

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Electricity Lesson 9 Comparing Series & Parallel Circuits

Learning Intention By the end of this lesson I will Deepen my knowledge of series and parallel circuits Success Criteria • State 2 similarities and 2 differences between series and parallel circuits • Explain the advantages of using a parallel circuit in everyday application

Starter Questions Label each of the following circuits as series or parallel 1. 2. State what the missing values should be in the following circuits. A C D B THINK: 1. Is it a series or parallel circuit? 2. Am I being asked to calculate a voltage or current value?

Starter Answers Label each of the following circuits as series or parallel 1. 2. State what the missing values should be in the following circuits. A C D B 1. A & B = SERIES, C & D = PARALLEL 2. A 1 = 2 A A 2 = 9 A V 1 = 4 V V 2 = 2 V

Activity 1: Venn Diagram • What to do: Work with a partner to construct a Venn diagram to present the similarities/differences between a parallel and series circuit. Series BOTH! Parallel

Activity 1: Ideas r cu o f th a p ow l e f n O tt n e r r o More tha n one pa th for current t o flow e m Need a battery a s e h t hes s c i n t a n r e b r & wires Cur t in ut n e o r h r g u t from u C n e r r thro u to c p u s d ad ery Can be used to t t a b If one b u convert circuit lb breaks, the ame no long s e electrical h t er work tage is out as ther l o s V energy into e is a g h ap throug p light, heat etc. I u s f one b add m e ulb bre g a t o l r aks, o f o t h V e ers can g a t l still wo to vo battery rk e th ADD ANY YOU MISSED!

Activity 2: Advantages & Disadvantages • Think about the differences between a parallel and series circuit. • Can you think of particular uses for each? (We talked about this briefly a few lessons ago) • What would be the advantages of a parallel circuit over a series one?

Activity 2: Advantages of Parallel 1. Better control with switches • Think about your home and the lights. When you turn on the light in the bathroom, you don’t want your bedroom light to come on with it! • Parallel circuits make it possible for different components to have their own switches. This means you can turn your appliances on or off independently of each other. • In contrast, a series circuit only has one pathway for electricity to flow. This means if you connect a bulb or buzzer to another, they will both go on/off together with a switch.

Activity 2: Advantages of Parallel 2. Keep going! • In a series circuit, if one component breaks, or there is a gap in the circuit, the other components will also not work. • However in a parallel circuit, the arrangement allows electricity to flow through more than one path – if one component fails, the others won't be affected. • Think of the light’s in your house, if one bulb blows, the others can remain on!

Activity 2: Advantages of Parallel 3. Consistent Voltage • One of the advantages of parallel circuits is that they ensure all components in the circuit have the same voltage as the source (battery). For instance, all bulbs in a string of lights have the same brightness. • This isn't possible with a series circuit because when in series, bulbs become dimmer as the voltage is shared equally across the bulbs.

Advantages of Parallel Circuits have 2 main advantages over series circuits. The first advantage of a parallel circuit is that a failure of one component does not lead to the failure of the other components. The second advantage of parallel circuits is that more components may be added in parallel without the need for more voltage. For e. g. all bulbs in a string of lights have the same brightness.

Activity 3: Designing a Circuit Work with a partner to draw a circuit design for the scenarios on the next slide. Your teacher will tell you how many to do and you may also be able to test them out!

Activity 3: Designing a Circuit Design Option 1: Joe has a burglar alarm in his shop. If someone breaks in, this activates a switch which causes a light to come on and an alarm bell to sound. Design Option 2: Rosie owns a café. She also wants to install an alarm system that has an alarm bell and light. However, she wants the alarm bell or light to remain on after the switch is turned on, even if one of them breaks. Design Option 3: A car park needs the light to switch on when a switch is pressed on any one of the three floors. Design Option 4: A teacher has a quiz game with 3 buzzers which are each activated by their own switch. However, the teacher also has a master switch to turn the entire game on/off. NOTE: The symbol for a buzzer is:

Activity 3: Designing a Circuit Design Option 2: Rosie owns a café. She also wants to install an alarm system that has an alarm bell and light. However, she wants the alarm bell or light to remain on after the switch is turned on, even if one of them breaks. NOTE: The symbol for a buzzer is:

Activity 3: Designing a Circuit Design Option 3: A car park needs the light to switch on when a switch is pressed on any one of the three floors. NOTE: The symbol for a buzzer is:

Activity 3: Designing a Circuit Design Option 4: A teacher has a quiz game with 3 buzzers which are each activated by their own switch. However, the teacher also has a master switch to turn the entire game on/off. NOTE: The symbol for a buzzer is:

Summary Series and Parallel circuits have different features which make them useful in different applications. A parallel circuit is more suitable if you want to control different components independently. Current can still flow if there is a break in a parallel circuit because a parallel circuit consists of more than one loop and has to fail in more than one place before the other components fail.