Electricity Its Shocking Remember the electron Basics The

Electricity! It’s Shocking!!

Remember the electron? ?

Basics • The size of the electric force between two objects depends on the size of the charges exerting the force and the distance between the objects. • Charged objects exert a force on each other and can cause each other to move. • Objects become charged when they gain or lose electrons.

The law of electric charges states that like charges repel and…

…opposites attract

How do objects become charged? • Objects may become charged by friction, conduction, or induction.

Friction

Conduction

Induction

Good to know: Ju and are • Charges are not created or destroyed s tl H said to be conserved. EA ike T • Charges move easily in conductors but!!do ! not move easily in insulators. • Static electricity is the buildup of electric charges on an object. It is lost through electric discharge.

Electricity! It’s Shocking!!

Current Electricity • Electric current is the rate at which charges pass a given point. • An electric current can be made when there is a potential difference between two points. • As voltage, or potential difference increases, current increases.

Units • • Potential difference – VOLTAGE Current – AMPERE (or AMPS) Resistance – OHM Ohm’s Law – the relationship between the three

As resistance increases, current decreases.

Resistance (is futile) • An object’s resistance varies depending on the object’s material, thickness, length, and temperature.

Cells and batteries convert chemical energy or radiant energy into electrical energy.

AC/DC – it’s not just your parent’s band DC current – current flows only one way, from negative terminal to positive terminal; this is what we get from batteries AC current – current flows both ways; this is what we get from power plants and our wall sockets