Electricity Its Shocking From Tim Allen Electricity can

Electricity! It’s Shocking!!

From Tim Allen: Electricity can be dangerous. My nephew tried to stick a penny into a plug. Whoever said a penny doesn't go far didn't see him shoot across that floor. I told him he was grounded.

Which is an example of static electricity? • A. A flashlight shining • B. A radio playing • C. An overhead light burning • D. A balloon sticking to a wall

Which is an example of static electricity? • A. A flashlight shining • B. A radio playing • C. An overhead light burning • D. A balloon sticking to a wall

Remember the electron? ?

Remember the Atom! • + Proton • 0 Neutron • - Electron

Basics • The size of the electric force between two objects depends on the size of the charges exerting the force and the distance between the objects. (Think of GRAVITY) • Charged objects exert a force on each other and can cause each other to move. • Objects become charged when they gain or lose electrons.

Law of Electric Charges • Like charges REPEL or push away (-, - or +, +) • Opposite charges ATTRACT (+, -)

The law of electric charges states that like charges repel and…

…opposites attract

Electrons can move! • They can jump or flow! • They can exert a force! • They can be moved by friction, conduction, or induction

How do objects become charged? • Objects may become charged by friction, conduction, or induction.

Friction

Conduction

Induction

Source: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston

Good to know: Ju • Charges are not created or destroyed and are saidsto be conserved. t HE li ke in • Charges move easily in conductors but do not move ATeasily insulators. !!! • Static electricity is the buildup of electric charges on an object. It is lost through electric discharge.

Current Electricity • Electricity that is caused by flowing electrons • An electric circuit allows electrons to flow from a negative pole (more electrons) to a positive pole (fewer electrons). • The rate at which charges pass through a given point measured in amperes (amps) • AC = Alternating Current (wall socket) • DC = Direct Current (battery)

AC/DC – it’s not just your parent’s band DC current – current flows only one way, from negative terminal to positive terminal; this is what we get from batteries AC current – current flows both ways; this is what we get from power plants and our wall sockets

Cells and batteries convert chemical energy or radiant energy into electrical energy.

Insulators and Conductors • Insulators are poor conductors and resist charge movement while conductors are poor insulators and tend to allow charges to easily move. • Examples of insulators include wood, plastic, and glass • Examples of conductors include metals and salt water

Units • • Potential difference – VOLTAGE Current – AMPERE (or AMPS) Resistance – OHM Ohm’s Law – the relationship between the three

Key Points • Circuits consist of an energy source, a load, wires, and, in some cases, a switch. • All parts of a series circuit are connected in a single loop. The loads in a parallel circuit are on separate branches. • Circuits fail through a short circuit or an overload. Fuses or circuit breakers protect against circuit failure. • It is important to follow safety tips when using electrical energy.

Circuits consist of an energy source, a load, wires, and, in some cases, a switch.

A closed circuit is ON! ON

An open circuit is OFF! OFF

All parts of a series circuit are connected in a single loop. ent r r u c re the get a h s y The d so n a y l l equa every time ! er dimm ulb is added er b h t o n a

With two bulbs sharing in a series, the light is dim. With three bulbs sharing, it’s even dimmer.

The loads in a parallel circuit are on separate branches. hs, t a p e l multip – they e k a t y can hare t i s c i o r t t c d The ele lbs don’t nee right. yb bu so the are all equall

Equal in brightness with 1, 2, or even 3 bulbs.

Something to think about… • Do you think your house is wired on a series or a parallel circuit? ?

If you said, “parallel” you are correct! If your house were wired on a series circuit, all your lights would be either on or off at the same time…how well would that work? ?

How does a battery work?