ELECTRICITY All electricity flows through a circuit Electricity

ELECTRICITY

�All electricity flows through a circuit �Electricity: a continuous flow of negative charges called electrons

Circuit

Conductors and Insulators �Conductor: a material that allows electricity to flow through it �Insulator: a material that does not allow electricity to flow through it

Group Activity � Let’s discover what materials are conductors and what materials are insulators � Categorize the materials as conductors or insulators � Let's try and see!

What did we discover? � Conductors ◦ Metals � Insulators ◦ Rubber ◦ Plastic ◦ Wood are usually:

Circuits: � Circuits �Open can be open or closed Circuit: Any circuit in a break in it that does not allow for the flow of electrons �Closed Circuit: a complete circuit that allows for the flow of electrons

Open Circuit Closed Circuit

Series Circuit �Series Circuit: a circuit with only one possible pathway for electricity to travel

Series Circuits Power Source Switch Circuit Light bulb

Group Activity � Checklist � Place everyone into a group � 15 minutes to complete

Example 1:

Example 2:

Parallel Circuits � Create a parallel circuit � Can the electrons travel to both light bulbs? ◦ YES! � Now remove one of the light bulbs. � What do we create by doing this? ◦ A break in our circuit � Can our electrons still travel to the other light bulb and get through the circuit? ◦ Yes! Why? �Because our circuit has multiple pathways

Parallel Circuit �A parallel circuit is an electrical circuit with multiple pathways for electrons to travel through

Series vs. Parallel � Similarities: ◦ switch, power source, light bulbs, circuit wire � Differences: ◦ a series circuit has one pathway, but a parallel circuit has two or more

Discussion � Where do we see these circuits in everyday life? � What appliances use a series circuit and what appliances use a parallel circuit?

Electricty � Electricity Energy can be transformed into three different types of energy: thermal, radiant, and mechanical � What do you think are the definitions of each type?

Thermal Energy � Electricity can be transformed into thermal energy � Thermal energy is energy that produces heat � What electrical appliances produce heat?

Radiant Energy � Electricity can be transformed into radiant energy � Radiant energy is light energy � Examples?

Mechanical Energy � Electricity can be transformed into mechanical energy � Mechanical energy is everything that runs or does a task. � Examples?

Partner work � Work with a partner to categorize your list of appliances into three categories: radiant, thermal, mechanical � Each person should do their own list – use your partner to discuss the category of each appliance

Discussion � What did you put under radiant?

Discussion � What did you put under thermal?

Discussion � What did you put under mechanical?

REVIEW GAME � We are going to have a review competition. � Two teams � Team with the most points at the end of the game wins � What do you win you ask? ◦ Something small but AWESOME

Question 1 �An electric current is created by a continuous flow of _____? �Answer: Negative charges or electrons

Question 2 �What is the pathway taken by an electric current called? �Answer: Circuit

Question 3 �Is this an open or a closed circuit? �Answer: Open Circuit

Question 4 �What is a conductor? �Answer: A material that allows for the flow of electricity

Question 5 �The rate at which energy flows depends upon the material’s ______ �Answer: Reisistance

Question 6 �What type of circuit has multiple pathways? �Answer: Parallel Circuit

Question 7 �Give me an example of an insulator. �Answer: rubber, plastic, wood, glass

Question 8 �What kind of circuit allows for the movement of electrical energy? �Answer: A Closed Circuit

Question 9 �What is a series circuit? �Answer: A circuit with only one pathway for the electrical current

Question 10 �What are three types of energy electricity can be transformed into? �Answer: Thermal, Radiant, Mechanical

Question 11 �What is the main difference between a series and a parallel circuit? �Answer: A series circuit only has one pathway, but a parallel circuit has multiple pathways.

Question 12 � Give an example of an appliance that uses radiant energy.

Question 13 � Give an example of an appliance that uses mechanical energy.

Question 14 � Give an example of an appliance that uses thermal energy.

Question 15 � Two people � Draw a series circuit.

Question 16 � Label the series circuit that was drawn.

Question 17 � Two people � Draw a parallel circuit.

Question 18 � Name an appliance that uses a series circuit.

Question 19 � Name an appliance that uses a parallel circuit.

Question 20 �What do all circuits have? �Answer: power source, switch, light bulb, wire/ pathway