ELECTRICAL HAZARDS ELECTRICAL SAFETY u Contact with Power

ELECTRICAL HAZARDS

ELECTRICAL SAFETY u Contact with Power Lines u Lack of Ground Fault Protection (GFCI) u Improper Grounding u Improper Use of Equipment u Improper Use of Cords

Contact with Power Lines

EXAMPLES OF EQUIPMENT THAT CAN CONTACT POWER LINES u u u u u Aluminum Paint Rollers Backhoes Concrete Pumpers Cranes Long-handled Cement Finishing Floats Metal Building Materials Metal Ladders Raised Dump Truck Beds Scaffolds

HOW DO I AVOID HAZARDS? u Look for Overhead Power Lines u Look for Buried Power Line Indicators u Maintain 10’ Distance From ALL Energized Overhead Power Lines u Assume That Overhead Lines Are Energized u De-energize and Ground Lines When Working Near Them u Use Non-conductive Ladders

MAINTAIN 10 FOOT DISTANCE

Lack of Ground. Fault Protection

HOW DO I AVOID HAZARDS? u u Use Ground-fault Circuit Interrupters (GFCIs) Test GFCIs Use Double-insulated Tools Use Tools and Equipment According to the Instructions u Visually Inspect All Electrical Equipment Before Use

TESTING A GFCI

GFCI IN SERIES

Improper Grounding

HOW DO I AVOID HAZARDS? u Ground All Power Supply Systems, Electrical Circuits, and Electrical Equipment. u Frequently Inspect Electrical Systems u Visually Inspect All Electrical Equipment Before Use u Use Equipment With Three-wire Cord With Ground (and Be Grounded) or Use Double-insulated Tools u DO NOT Remove Ground Prongs/Pins

GROUND PIN MISSING

GROUND PIN BEING CUT

GROUNDING NOT CONTINUOUS

DAMAGED 3 PRONG PLUG

PROPERLY GROUNDED CORD

DOUBLE INSULATED SYMBOL

LIFE AND DEATH IN THE FIELD. . . u An HVAC worker was installing duct work using a double-insulated drill connected to a drop light cord. Power was supplied through two extension cords (home-made cord and a UL-approved cord) from a nearby residence. The individual's perspirationsoaked clothing contacted bare exposed conductors on one of the cords, causing an electrocution.

Improper Use of Equipment

Common Examples of Improper Use of Equipment u u u u Using Multi-receptacle Boxes Designed to Be Mounted by Fitting Them With a Power Cord and Placing Them on the Floor Fabricating Extension Cords With ROMEX® Wire Using Equipment Outdoors That Is Labeled for Use Only in Dry, Indoor Locations Attaching Ungrounded, Two-prong Adapter Plugs to Threeprong Cords and Tools Using Circuit Breakers or Fuses With the Wrong Rating for Over-current Protection Using Modified Cords or Tools Using Cords or Tools With Worn Insulation or Exposed Wires

HOW DO I AVOID HAZARDS? u Use only equipment that is approved to meet OSHA standards u Use all equipment according to the manufacturer's instructions u Remove Damaged Tools From Service u Do not modify cords or use them incorrectly u Be sure equipment that has been shop fabricated or altered is in compliance

IMPROPER USE OF ELECTRICAL OUTLET BOX

GENERAL CONTRACTOR OR ELECTRIAN? ?

DAMAGED CORD

FRAYED WIRING

u Improper Use of Cords

HOW DO I AVOID HAZARDS? u Use Factory-assembled Cord Sets u Use Only 3 -wire Extension Cords u Use Only Hard or Junior-Hard Usage Extension Cords – ST, SO, STO, SJT, SJO, SJTO u Protect Cords Running Through Doors, Window, Floor Openings u Remove Cords From Receptacles by Pulling on the Plugs, Not the Cords

ACCEPTABLE EXTENSION CORDS

HOW DO I AVOID HAZARDS? u Inspect Cords Before Each Use u DO NOT Use Worn or Frayed Cords u DO NOT Fasten With Staples or Nails

CORDS IMPROPERLY WIRED

FRAYED CORD

REMOVE DAMAGED CORD FROM SERVICE

PROVIDE STRAIN RELIEF

COULD BE DAMAGED BY HEAVY EQUIPMENT

STRING LIGHTNING

WHERE DOES IT SAY I CAN’T USE FLAT CORDS? u Cords Must Be Rated As Hard or Junior-Hard Use u FLAT Cords Usually Do Not Have This Rating (If They Do They Can Be Used) u Homemade ROMEX Cords DO NOT Have This Rating

WET CONDITIONS u When a cord connector is wet, electric current can leak to the equipment grounding conductor, and to humans who pick up that connector if they provide a path to ground. Such leakage can occur not just on the face of the connector, but at any wetted portion. Limit exposure of connectors and tools to excessive moisture by using watertight or sealable connectors.

EXTENSION CORD LAYING IN WATER

LOCKOUT/TAGOUT u De-energize Equipment or Circuits u Attach Tags at Points Where Equipment or Circuits Can Be Energized u Identify Tags u Never Remove a Lock/Tag Applied by Someone Else

INADEQUATE PROTECTION

TRAINING u General • In the Avoidance of Hazards • Equipment Operators Must Have Training and Experience u Ground-Fault Protection • Competent Person to Implement the Program

QUESTIONS ?