ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS Master Copy for IRTMTCALD by IRICEN

ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS Master Copy for IRTMTC/ALD by IRICEN

ELECTRICAL COMPONENT

ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS Passive Components These components are not able to amplify Or process the electrical signal themselves e. g. resistor, capacitor, inductor Active components These components can amplify and process the electrical signal Transistors, Diode, lc. . etc

PASSIVE COMPONENTS Resistor • Resistor opposes current flow • It behaves like a electrical friction • This resistor slows the flow of current in every electrical component or circuit • Property of the component is called resistance, it’s unit is Ohm ( ), Kilo Ohms(K ) , Mega. Ohms(M )

PASSIVE COMPONENTS Resistor Fixed type Carbon composition Resistor Wire wound resistor Variable type (Potentiometer)

CARBON COMPOSITION RESISTOR • The resistive material is of carbon-clay • composition. • The leads are made of tinned copper. • This types of Resistors are readily available in values ranging from few ohms to about 22 M

CARBON COMPOSITION RESISTOR • They are available in 1/8, 1/4 , 1/2, 1, 2, watt • The size of resistor varies with wattage rating • The size of resistor increases as wattage rating increases • Resistors of ¼ watt are widely used

WIRE WOUND RESISTOR • Wire wound resistors are fabricated by winding one or more than one layers of high resistance wire(Nichrome ) • Wire wound resistors are preferred over carbon composition resistors in low resistance, low noise applications • These resistors are available from 1 to 100 K with wattage rating upto 200 W

VARIABLE RESISTOR There are different types of variable resistor 1. Potentiometer 2. Trimmers or presets 3. Rheostats In our machine Potentiometer are used which value is changes from 1 to 5 k

PASSIVE COMPONENTS Application of resistor • It apposes the current so it is used to reduce current in the circuit. • To drop the voltage (V = I. R. ) and as potentiometer. • In timer circuit to set time (T=RC). • To set the gain of operational amplifiers. • In bulb and heaters.

PASSIVE COMPONENTS Capacitor It can store electrical energy in the form of charge (Electrons) and release them whenever Required

PASSIVE COMPONENTS Capacitor • Capacitor’s ability to store electrical charge is called capacitance • It is represented by “C”and it’s unit is Farad(F) but practically its small units are used like Micro farad(μF), Pico farad (p. F) Nano Farad (n. F).

PASSIVE COMPONENTS Fixed type Non polarized These capacitors don’t have any polarity consideration they can be used in any direction. Mica Capacitors Ceramic Capacitors Variable type Polarized (Electrolytic) + These capacitors have +ve & -ve polarity consideration and should be used accordingly. Paper Polyester Capacitors -

PASSIVE COMPONENTS Application of capacitor • To store charge and discharge when required. • To pass A. C. signal and block D. C. signals. • To pass unwanted signals. • In time delay circuits. • In tuner circuits.

PASSIVE COMPONENTS Inductor When current flows through a coil of conductor wire then it generates a magnetic field. The magnetic field reacts so as to oppose the change in current. This reaction of magnetic field is called inductance.

PASSIVE COMPONENTS Inductor The force it develops is called induced emf and component producing inductance is called inductor. It is a fine length of wire wound on a core, frame or air core. Unit of inductance is Henry (H)

PASSIVE COMPONENTS Application of Inductor • It is used as solenoid in hydraulic and pneumatic valves to shift spools. • In electromagnetic relay to change positions of contacts. • It is used as shut down coil in engines. • In filter circuits. • In oscillator circuits. • In tuning circuits. • In transformers to step down or step up the A. C. voltage. • It is used as choke in florescent tubes. • It is used in motors and generators.

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