Electric Charge Chapter 7 1 Charge Atoms are
- Slides: 8
Electric Charge Chapter 7. 1
Charge • Atoms are made up of: – Positive protons – Negative electrons – If the atom has same number of each, it is electrically neutral
Transferring charge • Electrons are bound more tightly to some atoms – When surfaces are in contact sometimes electrons can transfer between the objects • Accumulation of excess electric charge = static electricity Example: Rubbing the soles of your foot on the carpet transfers electrons to your foot
Conservation of Charge • Charge can be transferred from object to object, but it cannot be created or destroyed
Comparing Forces • Electrical forces > gravitational forces – For protons and electrons • In real life, two objects have a greater gravitational force than electrical force since most objects are neutral • Electrical force directly proportional to charge of objects and inversely proportional square to the distance
Conductors & Insulators • Conductors – Have electrons that are able to move easily • metals • Insulators – Have electrons that are not able to move easily • Wood, rubber, glass
Charging Objects • Charging by contact – Rubbing two materials together resulting in transfer of electrons – One material becomes positive the other negative
Charging by Induction • When charged objects get close to neutral objects, they can cause the neutral object to rearrange the position of its’ electrons – No initial contact required to attract the objects
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