Election of 1824 First w popular vote A

Election of 1824 - First w/ popular vote -A MOMENTOUS ELECTION

S 2: Quasimodo Questions – Use next slide to answer questions. � 1. How many political parties existed in 1820? � 2. How many candidates “ran” for President in 1820? � 3. What was the time period from 1817 – 1825 called?

S 3: Observe the Election of 1820 Electoral College Pie Don’t be fooled by the yellow in NH. One of their electors did not want Monroe to get all the votes!! How many POPULAR votes did each candidate receive? No one knows – remember, this was the first election with official popular vote – see title slide.

S 4: 1824 Presidential Election Map 1. How is this election map different from the 1820 election map in terms of colors? 2. Does this map show more nationalism or more sectionalism growing in US? Explain your answer.

S 5: Introducing the Candidates of the 1824 Presidential Election From: Massachusetts (Northerner) Son of 2 nd U. S. President – John Adams Democratic-Republican (with Federalist tilt) Believed in the American System; anti-slavery Personality: Arrogant and very intelligent; very prim and proper – high moral integrity John Quincy Adams Qualifications: Monroe’s Secretary of State Nominated by MA state legislature

S 6: Introducing the Candidates of the 1824 Presidential Election From Tennessee (Westerner) Born poor, but makes a fortune in land; richest man in the West; owns The Hermitage plantation Democratic – Republican Against 2 nd Bank of the US; slave owner Personality: Seen as down to earth; stern – nickname – “Old Hickory”; self-made man General Andrew Jackson Qualifications: War Hero: War of 1812 & First Seminole War; U. S. Senator from Tennessee Nominated by the TN state legislature among others like PA state legislature

S 7: Introducing the Candidates of the 1824 Presidential Election From: Georgia (Southerner) Originally from wealthy Virginia family; slave owner Democratic-Republican Personality: Quick-tempered; almost got in a fist-fight with President Monroe Qualifications: Secretary of Treasury (Monroe); Secretary of War (Madison) William Crawford Nominated by a caucus (closed meeting) of US Representatives mostly attended by his supporters

S 8: Introducing the Candidates of the 1824 Presidential Election From: Kentucky Plantation owner; slave owner Democratic-Republican Believed in the American System (his creation) Personality: Very friendly; ladies man; liked to party Henry Clay Qualifications: Speaker of the US House of Representatives; Congressman from Kentucky Nominated by Kentucky legislature

S 9: Prediction of Election Results Now that you have met the candidates, predict which color represents which candidate. Adams ______ Jackson ______ Crawford ______ Clay ______ Which candidate appears to have won?

S 10: Presidential Election Map 1824 Don’t get confused by the colors. Look more at the states. How well did you predict?

S 11: 1824 Election Results – Popular Vote Candidate Popular Vote Totals John Quincy Adams 108, 740 Andrew Jackson 153, 544 William Crawford 46, 618 Henry Clay 47, 136 Ranking

S 12: 1824 Election Results – Electoral Vote Candidate Electoral College Votes Ranking Percent John Quincy Adams 84 32 Andrew Jackson 99 38 William Crawford 41 16 Henry Clay 37 14

S 13: Recap – See Worksheet � 1. How many POLITICAL PARTIES ran in the 1824 election? � 2. How many CANDIDATES ran for President in 1824? � 3. Which CANDIDATE had the most popular votes? � 4. Which CANDIDATE had the most electoral votes?

S 14: US Constitution - Amendment 12 – Observe the large, bold words …The person having the greatest number of votes for President, shall be the President, if such number be a majority of the whole number of Electors appointed; and if no person have such majority, then from the persons having the highest numbers not exceeding three on the list of those voted for as President, the House of Representatives shall choose immediately, by ballot, the President. But in choosing votes shall be taken by states, the representation from each state having one vote; … the President, the

S 15: Who won the Election of 1824? Use what you just read – Why didn’t the winner of the 1824 Presidential popular and electoral college vote automatically win the Presidential Election of 1824? To answer this, what do you need to know?

S 16: Questions … Hmmmm What is a majority? Who elects the President in case of a lack of a majority in the Electoral College? 3. How many candidates go on? 4. What method is used now to elect a President? 1. 2.

S 17: #1. What is a “majority”? 50% + - the number of votes required to EXCEED or go past 50% defines majority In the case of the Election of 1824, how many Electoral votes were cast? Answer: ______ How many were needed for a “majority”? Answer: ___ Did Andrew Jackson have a “majority” of the Electoral College votes? Answer: ______

S 18: #2. Who elects the President in case of a lack of a majority in the Electoral College? The vote goes to the US House of Representatives according to Amendment 12.

S 19: #3. How many candidates go on to the next round? � 3 �So in the Election of 1824, which candidate had to drop out? Answer: _______ �Henry Clay – (remember electoral votes, not popular votes)

S 20: # 4. What method is used now to elect a President in the H of R? Each state in the House of Representatives gets one vote. Therefore, Rhode Island gets one vote and so does Pennsylvania. Whoever of the three candidates gets a majority wins!! So the Congressmen in each state caucus (meet) and decide who the state will vote for. There were 24 states in 1824. How many state delegations’ votes were needed to win the Presidency in the H of R? ____

S 21: And the winner is ……. JOHN QUINCY ADAMS!! Say What?

S 22: Go Figure!! Shouldn’t have Jackson won? I mean he had the most electoral votes; he had the most popular votes. Well, boys and girls, a lesson in politics!!

S 23: H of R Election of 1824 Map Compare to next slide. Can you spot the states that changed to vote for Adams rather than Jackson?

S 24: Comparison of 1824 Electoral College Map v. 1825 H of R Map Can you spot the differences? Why does Missouri, Kentucky, and Ohio change? Who do they change for? What other states changed allegiances?

S 25: You are Jackson How do you feel? Adverbs?

S 26: An Unsolved Mystery On February 9, 1825: JOHN QUINCY ADAMS is ELECTED PRESIDENT by the HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES On March 7, 1825: JOHN QUINCY ADAMS appoints HENRY CLAY as his SECRETARY OF STATE

S 27: Deal or No Deal? What’s the problem? Remember, what was the traditional importance of the Secretary of State position in Presidential politics? Yup – the stepping stone to the White House!! Remember – Jefferson to Madison to Monroe to Adams to --- Clay? ?

S 28: A Corrupt Bargain Deal or No Deal? JACKSON POINT OF VIEW – A “CORRUPT BARGAIN” HE LOST AN ELECTION THAT RIGHTFULLY SHOULD BE HIS BECAUSE OF A DEAL!! Jackson is seeing red!

S 29: Jackson’s Evidence for the “Corrupt Bargain” Claimed that Clay had approached him with the same deal, but he turned him down. Clay and Adams did not get along – each did not like the other’s lifestyle. Clay had influence in the House because he was the Speaker of the House – some Congressmen may have changed their votes

S 30: To be fair – EVIDENCE against the charge of CORRUPT BARGAIN 1. Henry Clay and Andrew Jackson hated each other. Although Clay did not like Adams personally, he did not hate him as much as Jackson. 2. John Quincy Adams reputation for integrity. 3. Political positions – look at Clay and Adams views towards role of government – both support National Bank; both support internal improvements. 4. No physical evidence has been found.

S 31: PREDICTION WHAT DO YOU THINK THE 1828 PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION CAMPAIGN WILL BE LIKE? -Let’s Get Ready to Rumble!! -JQ Adams vs. Jackson II