El Pretrito Spanish II The Preterite past tense

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El Pretérito Spanish II

El Pretérito Spanish II

The Preterite = past tense There are 7 past tenses in Spanish! The PRETERITE

The Preterite = past tense There are 7 past tenses in Spanish! The PRETERITE is used the most. The Preterite = verbed in English example: We cooked. They ate paella. I washed the dog. The Preterite is over, done, finished

El Pretérito: The Preterite Key expressions: ayer ………………. . yesterday anteayer ……………day before yesterday

El Pretérito: The Preterite Key expressions: ayer ………………. . yesterday anteayer ……………day before yesterday anoche……………. last night el otro día…………. . the other day En ese momento……………at that moment entonces……………. . then esta mañana…………………. . This morning esta tarde……………. la semana pasada…………last week

El Pretérito: The Preterite • Key expressions (continued) el mes pasado………………. last month el

El Pretérito: The Preterite • Key expressions (continued) el mes pasado………………. last month el año pasado………………. . last year Hace dos días, años………. Two days ago, years ago ayer por la mañana………. . yesterday morning Ayer por la tarde……………. Yesterday afternoon el verano pasado …………. last summer una vez………………. . . one time Hace time period que …. Time period ago

Green Lights! -ar verbs: yo: -é tú: -aste Usted: -ó él/ella: nosotros: -amos vosotros:

Green Lights! -ar verbs: yo: -é tú: -aste Usted: -ó él/ella: nosotros: -amos vosotros: -asteis Ustedes: -aron ellos/ellas

Green Lights! ar verbs: Lavar (To wash) yo: Lavé nosotros: tú: Lavaste vosotros: Usted:

Green Lights! ar verbs: Lavar (To wash) yo: Lavé nosotros: tú: Lavaste vosotros: Usted: Lavó Ustedes: él/ella: Lavó ellos/ellas Lavamos Lavasteis Lavaron

Green Lights! -ar example: bañarse (to take a bath) This is a boot verb

Green Lights! -ar example: bañarse (to take a bath) This is a boot verb in the present but IT IS NOT a boot verb in the preterite! Put the reflexive me, te, se, nos, se BEFORE the conjugated verb! yo: me bañé tú: te bañaste Usted: se bañó él/ella: se bañó nosotros: nos bañamos vosotros: os bañasteis Ustedes: se bañaron ellos/ellas

Green Lights! -ar example: acostarse (to go to bed) This is a boot verb

Green Lights! -ar example: acostarse (to go to bed) This is a boot verb in the present but IT IS NOT a boot verb in the preterite! Put the reflexive me, te, se, nos, se BEFORE the conjugated verb! yo: me acosté tú: te acostaste Usted: se acostó él/ella: nosotros: nos acostamos vosotros: os acostasteis Ustedes: se acostaron ellos/ellas

Green Lights! -er and –ir verbs: yo: -í tú: -iste Usted: -ió él/ella: nosotros:

Green Lights! -er and –ir verbs: yo: -í tú: -iste Usted: -ió él/ella: nosotros: -imos vosotros: -isteis Ustedes: -ieron ellos/ellas

Green Lights! -er and –ir verbs: Example: -er verbs: Beber = to drink yo:

Green Lights! -er and –ir verbs: Example: -er verbs: Beber = to drink yo: bebí tú: bebiste Usted: bebió él/ella: bebió nosotros: bebimos vosotros: bebisteis Ustedes: bebieron ellos/ellas: bebieron

Green Lights! Example: -er verbs: Correr = to run yo: corrí tú: corriste Usted:

Green Lights! Example: -er verbs: Correr = to run yo: corrí tú: corriste Usted: corrió él/ella: nosotros: corrimos vosotros: corristeis Ustedes: corrieron ellos/ellas

GREEN LIGHTS! Example: -ir verbs Abrir = to open yo: abrí tú: abriste Usted:

GREEN LIGHTS! Example: -ir verbs Abrir = to open yo: abrí tú: abriste Usted: abrió él/ella: abrió nosotros: vosotros: Ustedes: ellos/ellas: abrimos abristeis abrieron

GREEN LIGHTS! Example: -ir verbs Salir = to go out yo: salí tú: saliste

GREEN LIGHTS! Example: -ir verbs Salir = to go out yo: salí tú: saliste Usted: salió él/ella: salió nosotros: vosotros: Ustedes: ellos/ellas: salimos salisteis salieron

GREEN LIGHTS! Example: -ir verbs Escribir = to write yo: escribí tú: escribiste Usted:

GREEN LIGHTS! Example: -ir verbs Escribir = to write yo: escribí tú: escribiste Usted: escribió él/ella: nosotros: escribimos vosotros: escribisteis Ustedes: escribieron ellos/ellas

Yellow Lights Yellow light verbs have the same endings AND the same accents as

Yellow Lights Yellow light verbs have the same endings AND the same accents as Green Light verbs Yellow light verbs have a spelling problem in the stem of the verb There are 3 kinds of Yellow Light verbs: 1. car, gar, zar 2. Y sandals 3. IR sandal verbs

Yellow Lights! CAR, GAR, ZAR verbs: 1. CAR QU (example: toqué) 2. GAR GU

Yellow Lights! CAR, GAR, ZAR verbs: 1. CAR QU (example: toqué) 2. GAR GU (example: entregué) 3. ZAR C (example: almorcé) FYI: The verbs make these spelling changes to keep the sound of the conjugation like the sound of the infinitive.

Yellow Lights! Y Sandal verbs: The change happens in the Ud/él/ella and Uds/ellos/ellas forms

Yellow Lights! Y Sandal verbs: The change happens in the Ud/él/ella and Uds/ellos/ellas forms only. Examples: leer leyó creer creyeron oír oyeron FYI: If the verb has an a, e, o before the –er/-ir ending, you have to change the I to Y so you can hear its sound. Otherwise its sound is lost to the stronger vowels.

Yellow Lights! IR Sandal verbs: These were –IR boot verbs in the present tense.

Yellow Lights! IR Sandal verbs: These were –IR boot verbs in the present tense. These are the only boot verbs to worry about in the preterite! The change only happens in the SANDAL (Ud/él/ella and Uds/ellos/ellas).

Yellow Lights! IR Sandal verbs: Examples: dormir durmió vestirse se vistió seguir siguieron divertirse

Yellow Lights! IR Sandal verbs: Examples: dormir durmió vestirse se vistió seguir siguieron divertirse se divirtieron

RED LIGHTS! NO ACCENTS! WEIRD ENDINGS!

RED LIGHTS! NO ACCENTS! WEIRD ENDINGS!

RED LIGHTS! ir (to go) fuiste fue and ser (to be) fuimos fuisteis fueron

RED LIGHTS! ir (to go) fuiste fue and ser (to be) fuimos fuisteis fueron

RED LIGHTS! dar (to give) di diste dio dimos disteis dieron

RED LIGHTS! dar (to give) di diste dio dimos disteis dieron

RED LIGHTS! estar (to be) tener (to have) andar (to walk) estuve estuviste estuvo

RED LIGHTS! estar (to be) tener (to have) andar (to walk) estuve estuviste estuvo estuvimos estuvisteis estuvieron (tener tuv__) (andar anduv__)

RED LIGHTS! poder (to can) poner (to put) saber (to find out) pude pudiste

RED LIGHTS! poder (to can) poner (to put) saber (to find out) pude pudiste pudo pudimos pudisteis pudieron (poner pus___) (saber sup__)

RED LIGHTS! hacer (to do, to make) querer (to try to, to refuse to)

RED LIGHTS! hacer (to do, to make) querer (to try to, to refuse to) venir (to come) hice hicimos hicisteis hizo hicieron (querer quis__) (venir vin__)

RED LIGHTS! decir (to say, to tell) traer (to bring) dije dijimos dijisteis dijo

RED LIGHTS! decir (to say, to tell) traer (to bring) dije dijimos dijisteis dijo dijeron (traer traj__)

RED LIGHTS! All verbs ending in –ducir conducir (to drive) conduje condujiste condujo condujimos

RED LIGHTS! All verbs ending in –ducir conducir (to drive) conduje condujiste condujo condujimos condujisteis condujeron

One more thing… These verbs change meaning in the preterite: Saber - present tense:

One more thing… These verbs change meaning in the preterite: Saber - present tense: to know facts and information - preterite tense: to find out Conocer – present tense: to know people and places, to be acquainted with - preterite tense: to meet Querer – present tense: to want, to love - preterite tense: affirmative: to try to negative: to refuse to Poder – present tense: to can, to be able to - preterite tense: to can, to be able to, to manage to Tener – present tense: to have - preterite tense: to have, to get, to receive