Ejercicio 3 Heuristics para procesos de sintesis 07062021

Heuristic 3: When nearly pure products are required, eliminate inert species before the reaction

Example 1: To satisfy the Clean Air Act of 1990, gasoline must have a

It is desired to construct a MTBE plant at your refinery, located on the

1 -butene 1, 3 -butadiene iso-butene 07/06/2021 a 5. 13 4. 96 4. 04

ü 1, 3 -butadiene & 1 -butene, can be separated by distillation before or

Example 2: Positioning an Equilibrium Reaction Operation Consider the reaction and distillation operations for

Heuristic 16: To increase the pressure of a stream, pump a liquid rather than

Example 3: Feed Preparation of Ethylbenzene is to be taken from storage at 25

07/06/2021 054402 Design & Analysis II 11

Example 4: ØShow two alternatives to go from point A to point B ,

Option 1 B P A C D H 07/06/2021 054402 Design & Analysis II

Option 2 E B P A H 07/06/2021 054402 Design & Analysis II 14

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Ejercicio 3 Heuristics para procesos de sintesis 07/06/2021 054402 Design & Analysis II 1

Heuristic 3: When nearly pure products are required, eliminate inert species before the reaction operations when the separations are easily accomplished and when the catalyst is adversely affected by the inert; but not when a large exothermic heat of reaction must be removed. 07/06/2021 054402 Design & Analysis II 2

Example 1: To satisfy the Clean Air Act of 1990, gasoline must have a minimum oxygen atom content of 2. 0 mole%. The most common source of this oxygen is methyl-tertiary-butyl-ether (MTBE) which is manufactured by the reaction: CH 3 OH + Iso-butene MTBE 07/06/2021 054402 Design & Analysis II 3

It is desired to construct a MTBE plant at your refinery, located on the Gulf Coast of Texas. Methanol will be purchased and iso-butene is available in a mixed-C 4 stream that contains: Wt. % 1 -butene 27 iso-butene 26 1, 3 butadiene 47 CH 3 OH + Iso-butene MTBE 07/06/2021 054402 Design & Analysis II 4

1 -butene 1, 3 -butadiene iso-butene 07/06/2021 a 5. 13 4. 96 4. 04 054402 Design & Analysis II 5

ü 1, 3 -butadiene & 1 -butene, can be separated by distillation before or after the reaction operation. ü Other considerations, such as their impact on the catalyst, the volumes of the reactors and distillation towers, and the temperature levels in the exothermic reactors should be evaluated in making this decision. 07/06/2021 054402 Design & Analysis II 6

Example 2: Positioning an Equilibrium Reaction Operation Consider the reaction and distillation operations for the isomerization of n-butane to isobutane according to the reaction: ØThe feed to the process is a refinery stream which contains 20 mole%isobutane. ØShow the alternatives for positioning the reaction and distillation operations. 07/06/2021 054402 Design & Analysis II 7

i. C 4 A 80 mol% n. C 4 20 mol% i. C 4 B 80 mol% n. C 4 20 mol% i. C 4 07/06/2021 054402 Design & Analysis II 8

Heuristic 16: To increase the pressure of a stream, pump a liquid rather than compress a gas; that is, condense a vapor, as long as refrigeration (and compression) is not needed, before pumping. 07/06/2021 054402 Design & Analysis II 9

Example 3: Feed Preparation of Ethylbenzene is to be taken from storage at 25 C and 1 atm and fed to a styrene reactor at 400 C and 5 atm at 100, 000 lb/h. Ø Show two alternatives for positioning the temperature and pressure-increase operations. 07/06/2021 054402 Design & Analysis II 10

07/06/2021 054402 Design & Analysis II 11

Example 4: ØShow two alternatives to go from point A to point B , Which one is less expensive ? B P A H 07/06/2021 054402 Design & Analysis II 12

Option 1 B P A C D H 07/06/2021 054402 Design & Analysis II 13

Option 2 E B P A H 07/06/2021 054402 Design & Analysis II 14