Egyptian Achievements Tut Hatshepsut Rosetta Stone Papyrus Obelisk

Egyptian Achievements Tut Hatshepsut Rosetta Stone Papyrus Obelisk and Sphinx Hieroglyphics

I ruled about 3500 years ago. • • • Hatshepsut I was an Egyptian queen who ruled during the New Kingdom, way before women were given much respect in Egypt. I worked very hard to increase trade for Egypt with surrounding places like Punt, Asia Minor, and Greece. Under my reign, Egypt’s This temple is called Djeseru. economy flourished. • I had many temples built for me, which are what I am remembered for by historians. When I died, my stepson took the throne. He is thought to have destroyed many monuments I had built for myself during my rule. It is believed that I wore false beards to earn respect from men.

Hieroglyphics • The Egyptian writing system was called hieroglyphics and was one of the world’s first writing systems. • Early hieroglyphics were written/carved on stone. • Later, Egyptians invented papyrus, a long-lasting, paper-like material made from reeds. • Instead of pens, scribes used brushes and ink. They could be written from left to right or right to left. Each symbol represented one or more sounds. Hieroglyphics used more than 600 symbols. Hieroglyphics could be written horizontally or vertically.

The Rosetta Stone Greek • In 1799, slab of stone inscribed with hieroglyphics was discovered. • On the stone, a passage was written in three different texts: Hieroglyphics, Greek, and a later form of Egyptian. • Scholars then compared the Greek text to the hieroglyphics to decode what the text read. Demotic Hieroglyphics The stone weighs 1, 676 pounds. The stone discusses laws and how to construct a temple.

The sphinxes were seen as guardian statues. Egypt’s Great Temples • Temples were the homes of the gods. • People visited temples to worship, offer the gods gifts, and ask for favors. • Many temples had rows of sphinxes lining the path leading to the entrance of the temple. • Also, on either side of the gate stood obelisks, a tall, foursided pillar that is pointed at the top. Criosphinx - body of lion with head of ram. Ancient obelisks were made of a single piece of stone.

My father tried to make Egypt a monotheistic society by believing in only one god, Aton. King Tutankhamen • • King Tut did very little for Egypt but is very well known for his lavish tomb discovered in the Valley of the Kings • King Tut was a boy king who ruled Egypt from age 9 through 19. Canes were found in Tut’s tomb. King Tut’s tomb, found in 1922, was one of the last Egyptian tombs to be discovered. His tomb was filled with treasures, jewelry, robes, a burial mask, and ivory statues. Based on what you know, what’s that tell us?

The Valley of the Kings Pharaohs like King Tut, Hatshepsut, and Ramses were buried here. 62 known tombs have been excavated. During the New Kingdom, almost ALL pharaohs and even some high ranking officials were buried in this valley as a way to remain protected from grave robbers.

The Valley of the Kings