Effects of Acne Medication on Staphylococcus Epidermidis GRANT

Effects of Acne Medication on Staphylococcus Epidermidis GRANT CARDAMONE PITTSBURGH CENTRAL CATHOLIC GRADE 9

Acne medications -Helps kill bacteria pockets that form on the skin -Can protect the skin from bacterial infections -Made of a mixture of Benzoyl Peroxide and other antiseptic ingredients

Variable ingredients TEA TREE BRAND SEA BREEZE BRAND Water Salicylic Acid Starch Benzoic Acid Glycol Clove (eugenia caryophyllus) Oil Hydrogenated Castor Oil Eucalyptus Globulus Oil Citral Fragrance Lithium Hydroxide Glycerin Water Alcohol Leaf Oil

Rationale Approximately 80% of people between the ages 11 -30 are affected by acne. Does a new acne medication have more positive effects on skin bacteria than the more traditional Tea Tree Oil?

Microbial flora Present in the respiratory, urinary, and digestive tracts, as well as the skin. Consists of mostly bacteria, and few protists and fungi. Most are harmless, but some can cause diseases. 1, 014 bacteria are harbored within and on humans.

Staphyloccocus epidermidis Gram positive Common surface symbiont in many mammals. Most forms considered nonpathogenic. Potentially pathogenic upon systemic entry. Forms biofilms

Purpose To find the effects of acne medications on a skin bacteria linked to the creation of acne.

Hypotheses Null- Sea Breeze astringent and Tea Tree Oil will have no significant effects on the survivorship of Staph E. Alternative- Sea Breeze astringent and Tea Tree Oil will have a significant effect on the survivorship of Staph E.

Materials 32 YEPD Agar plates(1% yeast extract, 2% peptome, 2% glucose) Vortex Klett Spectrotometer Bunsen Burner Tea Tree Oil Sterile Test Tubes Sea Breeze Astringent Ethanol LB media(0. 5% yeast extract, 1% tryptone, 1% sodium chloride Sterile Dilution Fluid (SDF) (per 1 liter)(100 m. M KH 2 PO 4, 10 m. M Mg. SO 4, 1 m. M Na. Cl) Micropipette(Sterile tips) Sterile Water Spreader Bars Staphylococcus Epidermidis Incubator Sidearm Flask

Procedure 1. Staph was grown overnight in sterile LB media. 2. Samples of the culture were added to fresh media in a sterile sidearm flask. 3. The cultures were incubated until a density of 50 Klett spectrophotometer units was reached. This represents a cell density of approximately 108 -109 cells/ml. 4. The acne medications were diluted with sterile dilution fluid in concentrations of 0%, 0. 1%, and 10% to total 9. 9 ml. 5. 0. 1 ml. of cell culture was then added to the test tubes, yielding a final volume of 10 ml. and a cell density of approximately 103 cells/ml.

Procedure(continued) 6. The tubes incubated for 15 minutes at room temperature. 7. After vortexing to evenly suspend the cells, 100 µL aliquots were removed from the tubes and spread on LB-agar plates. 8. The plates incubated in a 37°C incubator overnight. 9. The resulting colonies were counted visually. Each colony was assumed to have arisen from one cell.

Procedure(concentration chart) Tube 1 Tube 2 Tube 3 Tube 4 Sterile Water 9. 9 ml 9. 8 ml 8. 9 ml Tea Tree Oil/ Sea Breeze 0 ml 0. 01 ml 0. 1 ml Staph 0. 1 ml Total Volume 10 ml Concentration 0% 0. 1% 1% 10%

Effects of Acne Medication on Staph 160 Number of Colonies 140 120 100 80 Tea Tree Oil Sea Breeze Oil 60 40 20 0 0%(control) 0. 10% 1% Concentration(%) 10% Sea Breeze P value: <10^-6 Tea Tree P value: 10^-6

Dunnett's test Comparison: T-crit=2. 57 t value T value>T-crit? Significant? Sea Breeze: 0. 1% 4. 04 yes 1% 6. 08 yes 10% 12. 12 yes 4. 74 yes 1% 8. 59 yes 10% 18. 59 yes Tea Tree: 0. 1%

Conclusion The null hypothesis was rejected. The Sea Breeze had a significant effect on the survivorship, but less effective than Tea Tree Oil.

Limitations and extensions LIMITATIONS EXTENSIONS Platings could not be perfectly synchronized Use additional bacteria species, particularly other gram positive species Potential slight errors in counting Use additional concentrations Limited possible number of plates Create more plates to ensure consistency in results Limited number of concentrations Limited exposure times Change exposure times (use Agar infusion)

References http: //www. webmd. com/vitaminssupplements/ingredientmono-113 tea%20 tree%20 oil. aspx? activeingredie ntid=113 https: //en. m. wikipedia. org/wiki/Tea_t ree_oil https: //draxe. com/tea-tree-oil-usesbenefits/ http: //www. happi. com/news/2010/02 /19/sea_breeze_is_back https: //dailymed. nlm. nih. gov/dailyme d/fda. Drug. Xsl. cfm? id=41925&type =display

Tea tree brand Oil ANOVA

Sea Breeze Brand Astringent ANOVA