Een nieuwe blik op sterrenkunde Panoramische cameras en
"Een nieuwe blik op sterrenkunde" "Panoramische camera's en het Astro-Wise systeem" Gijs Verdoes Kleijn Kapteyn Astronomical Institute, University of Groningen
Human vision: data load • Eye: – – – – resolution ~5/60 deg Field of view 90^2 deg 2 x 2 pixel sampling per resolution element Pixels: 2160^2 Dynamic range: 1 e 3 -1 e 5: 2^16 One image ~9 Mbyte One image/sec for 70 years: 18 Pbyte Costs 18 Pbyte (0. 33 euro/Gbyte)~ 6 million euro Brain does something smart…….
Astronomical vision: data load • Camera on telescope: – Resolution through atmosphere ~1/3600 deg (atmospheric blurring) – Whole sky: 41 e 3 deg^2 – 2 x 2 pixel sampling per resolution – Pixels: ~(1. 5 e 6)^2 – Dynamic range: 2^16 – One image full sky: 4 Tbyte – One full sky/sec for 70 years: 8. 4 e 6 Pbyte (was 18 Pbyte for eye) – Further data increasing ’ factors: HST 1/10 of atmospheric resolution; time-resolution; wavelength resolution – Data decreasing factor: depending on depth of exposure: lots of dark area Something smart to deal with large datasets is crucial!
The history of the Universe Expansion Cooling Structure + Gravity Galaxy Clusters Galaxies Collapse Black holes Stars Planetary systems The big questions (according to me) • Dark matter/energy: (In what form/Where) is ~90% of the matter? What is dark energy? • Structure formation: how do objects exactly form?
Astronomical science which uses large-area imaging Quasars & Gamma Ray Bursts Supernova Galaxy clusters Planets Lensing Asteroids because it is • Needle in the hay-stack objects • Subtle effects requiring large number statistics
The Omega. CAM panoramic camera HST 1 deg USM Padova 1 deg • 16 k x 16 k mosaic of 32 CCDS: – Each CCD 2 k x 4 k • • Field of view: 1 deg^2 pixel size 0. 21 arcsec / 15μm. 330 to 1000 nm Starting operations end 2006
VLT Survey Telescope (VST) at Paranal, Chile Very Large Telescope (VLT) VLT Survey Telescope (VST) Artist’s impression
Omega. CAM vision: data load Vast amount of data • Single image 550 Mbyte (~200 screens for full resolution) • Sole instrument: Omega. CAM observes equivalent of Southern sky in ~3 years (30 min exp, 300 nights/year) • Many filters & science programs • Of order 10 Tbyte of raw data/year with time-varying atmosphere, instrument & telescope performance
Panoramic image processing and analysis: the classical way • Image cleaning of instrumental effects – examples: varying pixel sensitivities; cosmic rays; image distorsions; correction for extinction of light (in atmosphere and instrument) • • Derivation of astronomical parameters – examples: size galaxy, color star, brightness supernova • Analysis of results – Comparison to theory; statistics
Panoramic image processing and analysis: the Astro-Wise way • Image cleaning of instrumental effects • Derivation of astronomical parameters – examples: size galaxy, color star, brightness supernova • Analysis of results – Comparison to theory; use statistics Database – examples: varying pixel sensitivities; cosmic rays; image distorsions; correction for extinction of light (in atmosphere and instrument)
The architecture of the Astro-Wise system Parallel Computing All Omega. Cam images Database
Astro-Wise is on-line: you can use it whenever there is internet www. astro-wise. org/portal
An test-case of Astro-Wise system use Asteroids
10000 Ecliptic~plane in which planets move
Observations
Asteroids on images • Cross-correlating >3 e 5 known asteroids with images: – Code: Py. Ephem+Astro-Wise – (~1 day on Linux box) • Analysis is student project
To take advantage of state-of-the-art technology to better understand how the Universe came about and evolved you need a team of : -experts 1 deg HST -experts 1 deg
To take advantage of state-of-the-art technology to better understand how the Universe came about and evolved you need a team of : -experts Omega. CEN at the Kapteyn Astronomical Institute Omega. CEN director: professor Edwin Valentijn 1 deg HST -experts 1 deg
Contacts for more info: • Astro-Wise, Omega. CEN – Gijs Verdoes Kleijn • Astronomy at RUG in general: – Student advisor: Leon Koopmans – Education advisor: Greta de Vries
- Slides: 21