EDUC 205 Diversity in Education Teaching for Diverse

EDUC 205 - Diversity in Education: Teaching for Diverse Populations Professor Marini Smith Spring 2016 Week of February 9, 2016

Name Tent Please take a moment to write your name on the piece of construction paper and fold it to create a name tent. Gollnick/Chin Multicultural Education in a Pluralistic Society, 9 e © 2013, by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 1 -2

Agenda Introduction/Syllabus M & M’s Self-Share Classmate Scavenger Hunt How Culturally Connected Are You? Mindset Philosophy Diversity Exercise: My Groups Gollnick/Chin Multicultural Education in a Pluralistic Society, 9 e © 2013, by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 1 -3

Introductions- Who Am I? A little about me: • Have been in education for the past 18 years as a teacher’s assistant, elementary teacher and high school English teacher, literacy coach, EL Specialist, AVID/AP Specialist, assistant principal • BA in Child Development from CSULA, MA in Education w/emphasis in Psychology from Pepperdine, and doctorate from USC, where my research focused on motivation and attribution retraining • Joined LASC faculty as a full time Education Instructor Fall 2012 • Other details: – Born and raised in LA – LOVE to travel- been to over a dozen countries – Love photography, films, party planning, eating good food, and I watch way too much reality TV – Have a 4 year old son named Noah, two-year-old son named Colson, and two stepdaughters. I love being a mom! Gollnick/Chin Multicultural Education in a Pluralistic Society, 9 e © 2013, by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 1 -4

Gollnick/Chin Multicultural Education in a Pluralistic Society, 9 e © 2013, by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 1 -5

Gollnick/Chin Multicultural Education in a Pluralistic Society, 9 e © 2013, by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 1 -6

M & M’s Self- Share Please take your desired amount of M For each color represented, share the group: & M’s following with the • Blue- What I did over the summer… • Yellow- My favorite teacher and why… • Red- Someone who inspires me… • Orange- Something I am proud of… • Brown- My favorite ____ is…. • Green- The world would be a better place if it had more _____ and less ______. Gollnick/Chin Multicultural Education in a Pluralistic Society, 9 e © 2013, by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 1 -7

How Culturally Connected Are You? Give One--Get One 1. Name the last movie you saw that dealt with the student’s culture. 2. Name the last book you read cover to cover that dealt with the student’s culture. 3. Name the last time you ate authentic food (in a restaurant or home cooked) that dealt with the student’s culture. 4. What artifact, apparel, or jewelry do you have that deals with that student’s culture? Gollnick/Chin Multicultural Education in a Pluralistic Society, 9 e © 2013, by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 1 -8

Student Scavenger Hunt You have ten minutes to meet your classmates Determine which classmates have characteristics that appear on your scavenger hunt hand-out Obtain your classmates’ contact info! Gollnick/Chin Multicultural Education in a Pluralistic Society, 9 e © 2013, by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 1 -9

Chapter 1 Foundations of Multicultural Education in a Pluralistic Society, 9 th Edition Donna M. Gollnick and Philip C. Chinn • • • any public performance or display, including transmission of any image over a network; preparation of any derivative work, including the extraction, in whole or in part, of any images; any rental, lease, or lending of the program. Gollnick/Chin Multicultural Education in a Pluralistic Society, 9 e © 2013, by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 1 -10

Chapter 1 Learning Outcomes Prepare your classroom to accommodate a diverse population that will treat all students equitably. Examine the role that culture plays in the lives of students and their families. Consider whether cultural pluralism is a reasonable and achievable goal in the classroom. Gollnick/Chin Multicultural Education in a Pluralistic Society, 9 e © 2013, by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 1 -11

Chapter 1 Learning Outcomes Recognize why the question, “Who are my students? ” is so important to effective instruction. Prepare yourself to tackle the obstacles to social justice in order to create a just and equal classroom. Implement characteristics of multicultural education in the classroom. Gollnick/Chin Multicultural Education in a Pluralistic Society, 9 e © 2013, by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 1 -12

13 Diversity in the Classroom Racial diversity: Students of color now comprise approximately 40% of all students in Pre. K-12 th grade public schools in the United States. Religious diversity: Not only are schools ethnically and racially diverse, but they are increasingly religiously diverse. Cultural diversity: Cultural factors impact student learning and behavior. Gollnick/Chin Multicultural Education in a Pluralistic Society, 9 e © 2013, by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 1 -13

Multicultural Education Multicultural supports: Diversity Culture Social justice Equality Gollnick/Chin Multicultural Education in a Pluralistic Society, 9 e © 2013, by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Democracy 1 -14

Allows us to predict how others will behave in certain situations. Provides acceptable patterns of behavior Culture Imposes order and meaning on our experiences. Gollnick/Chin Multicultural Education in a Pluralistic Society, 9 e © 2013, by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 1 -15 Determines how we think, feel, and behave in society.

Characteristics of Culture It is learned It is shared It is an adaptatio n It is dynamic Gollnick/Chin Multicultural Education in a Pluralistic Society, 9 e © 2013, by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 1 -16

Manifestations of Culture is manifested through • Values • Nonverbal communication • Language Gollnick/Chin Multicultural Education in a Pluralistic Society, 9 e © 2013, by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 1 -17

Ethnocentrism Overcoming ethnocentrism means respecting other cultures and functioning in multiple cultural groups. Overcoming ethnocentrism means viewing other cultures as equally viable alternatives. Ethnocentric individuals see their own traits as superior to others. Gollnick/Chin Multicultural Education in a Pluralistic Society, 9 e © 2013, by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 1 -18

Cultural Relativism “Never judge another man until you have walked a mile in his moccasins. ” –Native American proverb Cultural relativism is an attempt to understand other cultural systems in their own terms in the context of their own cultural beliefs. Understanding another culture first begins by clearly understanding one’s own culture. Gollnick/Chin Multicultural Education in a Pluralistic Society, 9 e © 2013, by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 1 -19

Dominant Culture WASP influence: White, Anglo-Saxon, and Protestant Individualism: the belief that every individual is his or her own master, with a goal of self-actualization. Freedom: not having others determine our values, ideas, or behaviors because we are free to choose these as we please. Gollnick/Chin Multicultural Education in a Pluralistic Society, 9 e © 2013, by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 1 -20

Pluralism in Society Otherness: cultural groups that are different from our own Assimilation: process by which groups adopt or change the dominant culture • Structural • Involuntary Gollnick/Chin Multicultural Education in a Pluralistic Society, 9 e © 2013, by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 1 -21

Cultural Pluralism Cultural pluralism: Allows multiple distinctive groups to function separately and equally without requiring any assimilation into the dominant society Many immigrant groups have maintained their own unique ethnic groups or enclaves Gollnick/Chin Multicultural Education in a Pluralistic Society, 9 e © 2013, by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 1 -22

Multiculturalism Allows different cultural groups to maintain their unique cultural identities while participating equally in the dominant culture Understanding multiculturalism can help teachers select appropriate instructional strategies and provide authentic learning activities Gollnick/Chin Multicultural Education in a Pluralistic Society, 9 e © 2013, by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 1 -23

Cultural Identity Our identities in any single group are influenced by our historical and lived experiences and membership in other groups. The interaction of these various group memberships within society begins to determine an individual’s cultural identity. Identity is fluid and shifts across time. Gollnick/Chin Multicultural Education in a Pluralistic Society, 9 e © 2013, by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 1 -24

Cultural Borders Cultural borders are boundaries based on cultural differences that may limit an individual’s understanding of persons from a different cultural background. As we learn to function comfortably in different cultures, we may be able to cross cultural borders, bringing the students’ cultures into the classroom. Gollnick/Chin Multicultural Education in a Pluralistic Society, 9 e © 2013, by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 1 -25

26 Biculturalism Individuals who have competencies in two or more different cultures and can function proficiently in them are considered bicultural or multicultural. Gollnick/Chin Multicultural Education in a Pluralistic Society, 9 e © 2013, by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 1 -26

Equality and Social Justice in a Democracy The concepts of equality and individualism are fundamental and core values in this country. They sometimes oppose each other; we speak for equality for all and yet demand the right for individualism and the ability to achieve one’s own happiness and pursue personal resources. Egalitarianism is the belief in social, political, and economic rights and privileges for all people Gollnick/Chin Multicultural Education in a Pluralistic Society, 9 e © 2013, by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 1 -27

Meritocracy Inequalities are the natural outcome of individual differences Everyone has the opportunity to be successful if they just work hard enough Equal educational opportunity applies meritocracy to education Gollnick/Chin Multicultural Education in a Pluralistic Society, 9 e © 2013, by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 1 -28

Equality Patterns of inequality are a reflection of how resources and political power, and cultural and social dominance are built into the entire political-economic system. Equality suggests fairness in the distribution of the conditions and goods that affect the well-being of all children and families. Gollnick/Chin Multicultural Education in a Pluralistic Society, 9 e © 2013, by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 1 -29

Social Justice Students are educated on a level playing field. Every citizen is treated justly and fairly and with dignity. Schools in poor areas have the same resources as schools in affluent areas. Gollnick/Chin Multicultural Education in a Pluralistic Society, 9 e © 2013, by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 1 -30

Obstacles to Social Justice Prejudice is the aversion to members of certain cultural groups. It manifests itself in fear, anger, hatred, and distrust. Stereotype occurs when generalizations are applied to a group without consideration of individual differences within the group. Developing activities that reduce prejudice would be an appropriate education strategy for teachers. Gollnick/Chin Multicultural Education in a Pluralistic Society, 9 e © 2013, by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 1 -31

More Obstacles to Social Justice Discrimination focuses on behaviors and occurs on both the individual and institutional levels. The privileged curriculum can result in teachers being unable to see the inequities that many students outside the dominant group face. Classroom resources and practices must be evaluated to ensure that discrimination does not occur. Gollnick/Chin Multicultural Education in a Pluralistic Society, 9 e © 2013, by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 1 -32

Fundamentals of Multicultural Education Cultural differences have strength and value. Schools should be models for the expression of human rights and respect for differences. Social justice and equality for all people should be of paramount importance. Gollnick/Chin Multicultural Education in a Pluralistic Society, 9 e © 2013, by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 1 -33

Fundamentals of Multicultural Education Attitudes and values necessary for participation in a democratic society should be promoted in schools. Educators working with families and communities can create an environment that is supportive of multiculturalism, equality, and social justice. Gollnick/Chin Multicultural Education in a Pluralistic Society, 9 e © 2013, by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 1 -34

Evolution of Multicultural Education Multicultural education has its roots in the early work of African American scholars, intercultural education, and ethnic studies. The civil rights movement brought a renewed interest in ethnic studies, discrimination, and intergroup relations. Schools are now held accountable for providing equitable learning environments for students. Gollnick/Chin Multicultural Education in a Pluralistic Society, 9 e © 2013, by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 1 -35

Multicultural Education Today Multicultural education encompasses critical pedagogy, antiracist education, and critical race theory. Multicultural education promotes critical thinking to ensure that education serves the needs of all groups equitably. No Child Left Behind requires standardized testing of students to determine how effective a school is in helping students learn. Gollnick/Chin Multicultural Education in a Pluralistic Society, 9 e © 2013, by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 1 -36

Multicultural Proficiencies for Teachers Multiple In. TASC standards address multicultural proficiencies state that teachers should demonstrate. It is important for teachers to develop dispositions that support diversity and differences. Gollnick/Chin Multicultural Education in a Pluralistic Society, 9 e © 2013, by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 1 -37

Reflecting on Multicultural Teaching Teachers who reflect on and analyze their own practice report improvement in teaching. Effective teachers are able to change their teaching strategies when students are not learning. Self-reflection is a critical skill for improving your teaching. Gollnick/Chin Multicultural Education in a Pluralistic Society, 9 e © 2013, by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 1 -38