ECOLOGY Part 2 Biology for Weebly Upload Biomes

ECOLOGY Part 2 - Biology (for Weebly Upload)

Biomes Each set of Biomes is defined by a unique set of abiotic factors-particularly climateand has a characteristic ecological community.

Seasons, Circulation, Biomes

Earth’s Biomes 2005 -2006

Using Precipitation And Temperature To Identify Biomes

Ten Major Biomes Compare/Contrast Table Biome Precipitati Temper Soil Diversity Trees on 4 -3 ature Section Tropical high hot poor high dense Rain Forest Tropical Dry Forest Tropical Savanna Desert Temperate Grassland Shrubland (chaparral) Go to Section: Grasses variable mild rich Sparse ** tropical RF are the most diverse of all biomes moderate medium variable mild clay moderate sparse dense low variable poor moderate summer rich hot summer poor low, hot winter moderate sparse moderate absent sparse dense low medium absent

Temperate mode summer rich deciduous rate moderate, Forest winter cold high dense sparse Coniferou high s Forest (Boreal)inc ludes taiga summer mild, winter cold rocky, acidic low dense sparse Tundra Summer mild, winter cold poor low absent Medium **know-permafrost **biome classificati ons usually don’t include icecaps low

Figure 4 -17 Zones of a Marine Ecosystems Section 4 -4 land 200 m Coastal ocean 1000 m Open ocean 4000 m 6000 m Ocean trench 10, 000 m Continental shelf Go to Section: Photic zone Continental slope and continental rise Abyssal plain Aphotic zone

• Aquatic ecosystems: • Freshwater: a-flowing, b-standing c-wetlands -Estuaries- where fresh water merges with salt water. Very diverse -Marine (salt water): Intertidal zone; Pelagic (photic and aphotic); benthic (area along ocean floor) Page 80 -81. The abyssal zone is the deepest region of the ocean (deepest point is over 7 miles deep). http: //www. myuniversalfacts. com/2006/05/why-is-sea-salty. html

Causes of Ecological Problems • Acid Precipitation (acid rain) • Results from the presence of sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides in the air • Come from the burning of fossil fuels • Acid rain lowers the p. H (becomes more acidic) and therefore it affects organisms homeostasis and survival

Human Impact: Greenhouse Effect • Due to a rise in atmospheric carbon dioxide and methane • Main cause: Carbon dioxide released from the combustion of fossil fuels (exburning gasoline in cars • Forms a layer in the atmosphere so that heat cannot escape and stays trapped • Scientists believe this leads to global warming • https: //whatsyourimpact. org/greenhouse-effect

Greenhouse Effect

More Causes…. • Ozone depletion • Due to CFC’s (chlororfluorocarbons) used as refrigerants and propellants (ex- Freon) • CFC’s turn ozone (O 3) into oxygen gas (O 2) • Ozone layer is vital for absorbing harmful UV rays from sun • Biological magnification • Because of pyramid of numbers, small concentrations of toxins in an environment become concentrated to dangerous levels in higher trophic organisms • http: //www. biologycorner. com/worksheets/articles/biolog ical_magnification. html • Habitat destruction

Decrease in Ozone 1. 3. 2.

Biological Magnification EX: DDT Pesticide used to kill mosquitos; Concentrated in eagles causing them to lay eggs with brittle shells; Banning DDT has brought bald eagle populations back

Other things to know… • What is Biodiversity? • How have humans threatened biodiversity? Give some specific examples • What’s the difference between: • Renewable resources • Non-renewable resources • Give examples!