Ecology Interactions of organisms and their environments The

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Ecology Interactions of organisms and their environments.

Ecology Interactions of organisms and their environments.

The study of ecology ranges from the study of an individual organism to the

The study of ecology ranges from the study of an individual organism to the entire biosphere.

Levels of Organization • Species- group of similar organisms that can breed and produce

Levels of Organization • Species- group of similar organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring. • Population- group of same species that live in same area. • Community- different populations that live in same area. • Ecosystem- all biotic and abiotic factors in a particular place. • Biome- group of ecosystems that have same climate. • Biosphere- contains all life, land, water and air.

What shapes an ecosystem? Ecosystems are influenced by a combination of biological and physical

What shapes an ecosystem? Ecosystems are influenced by a combination of biological and physical factors. • Biotic factors- living factors (ex: birds, trees, bacteria) • Abiotic factors- non-living factors (ex: climate, precipitation)

Recall that a biome is a group of ecosystems that share the same climate

Recall that a biome is a group of ecosystems that share the same climate and soil conditions. • There are 10 different terrestrial biomes and 2 aquatic biomes. • Each biome has different abiotic factors that plants and animals must adapt to in order to survive. • Use pages 100 -104 to fill in your biome graphic organizer.

Now that you have completed your graphic organizer, lets see what you learned about

Now that you have completed your graphic organizer, lets see what you learned about biomes! Write the name of the biome that matches the picture on the screen on your whiteboard!

Can you identify this biome? Hint: The plants are adapted with broad leaf trees

Can you identify this biome? Hint: The plants are adapted with broad leaf trees that can capture lots of light and most animals make their homes in the tree tops. Tropical Rainforest

Can you identify this biome? Hint: Many conifers (pine trees). Coniferous Forest

Can you identify this biome? Hint: Many conifers (pine trees). Coniferous Forest

Can you identify this biome? Tundra Hint: low plants (like mosses) and animals with

Can you identify this biome? Tundra Hint: low plants (like mosses) and animals with thick fur.

Can you identify this biome? Desert Hint: cacti and scorpions are abundant here.

Can you identify this biome? Desert Hint: cacti and scorpions are abundant here.

Can you identify this biome? Hint: Long cold winters. Boreal Forest

Can you identify this biome? Hint: Long cold winters. Boreal Forest

Can you identify this Biome? Tropical Dry Forest Hint: During the dry season, nearly

Can you identify this Biome? Tropical Dry Forest Hint: During the dry season, nearly all the trees drop their leaves to conserve water.

Can you identify this Biome? Savanna Hint: Drought resistant shrubs, elephants and giraffes are

Can you identify this Biome? Savanna Hint: Drought resistant shrubs, elephants and giraffes are present here.

Can you identify this biome? Woodland/ Shrubland Hint: Woody evergreens and plants that grow

Can you identify this biome? Woodland/ Shrubland Hint: Woody evergreens and plants that grow during winter and die in summer.

World Biomes Which biome do you think Texas is a part of? a. Rainforest

World Biomes Which biome do you think Texas is a part of? a. Rainforest b. Desert c. Grassland d. Tundra If you answered b or c, you are correct!

Aquatic - Mangrove “Forests” Marine or Freshwater? Mangroves are adapted to the salinity of

Aquatic - Mangrove “Forests” Marine or Freshwater? Mangroves are adapted to the salinity of ocean water.

Aquatic - Wetlands Marine or Freshwater?

Aquatic - Wetlands Marine or Freshwater?

Adaptations • Now that you are a biome expert, let’s see if you can

Adaptations • Now that you are a biome expert, let’s see if you can guess the biome by only looking at organism’s adaptations. • Adaptation- trait or characteristic gives an organism an advantage. • Adaptations are the result of mutations, time, and a changing environment. Allow me to tell you more about adaptations.

Adaptations 1. Spines rather than leaves. Large water storage in stem. WHAT BIOME 2.

Adaptations 1. Spines rather than leaves. Large water storage in stem. WHAT BIOME 2. Animals burrow to escape. IS the THIS? heat and sometimes only come out at night. DESERT 3. Waxy coating on leaves protects against water loss.

Adaptations 4. Soft stems allow them to bend in the wind and small leaves

Adaptations 4. Soft stems allow them to bend in the wind and small leaves minimize water loss. WHAT BIOME IS THIS? Grassland / Prairie 5. Small rodents burrow to escape predators and have sharp teeth to gnaw on grass.

Adaptations 6. Drip-tip leaves help shed excess water. 8. Animals live in treetops and

Adaptations 6. Drip-tip leaves help shed excess water. 8. Animals live in treetops and can digest cellulose. Rainforest WHAT BIOME IS THIS? 7. Poisonous animals display bright colors

Adaptations 9. Plants are low and clumped to conserve heat. WHAT BIOME IS THIS?

Adaptations 9. Plants are low and clumped to conserve heat. WHAT BIOME IS THIS? TUNDRA 10. Animals have thick layer of fat and insulating fur.

Adaptations 11. Green limited to above water surfaces. WHAT BIOME IS THIS? AQUATIC -

Adaptations 11. Green limited to above water surfaces. WHAT BIOME IS THIS? AQUATIC - FRESHWATER 12. Animals must be able to swim to catch food.

Adaptations 13. Broad leaves capture lots of light. Temperate 14. Animals use camouflage to

Adaptations 13. Broad leaves capture lots of light. Temperate 14. Animals use camouflage to hide Deciduous WHAT BIOME IS THIS? from predators or to sneak up on prey. Forest 15. Deciduous trees drop their leaves in autumn to minimize water loss.

Summary: Plants and animals are specially adapted for the places they live. Each biome

Summary: Plants and animals are specially adapted for the places they live. Each biome has a unique climate – the year-to-year temperature and precipitation. Organisms depend on the biotic and abiotic features of their ecosystem for survival.

Question 1

Question 1

Question 2

Question 2

Question 3

Question 3

Question 4

Question 4

Question 5 In which biome do the evaporation rates exceed the precipitation rates? A

Question 5 In which biome do the evaporation rates exceed the precipitation rates? A Desert _ B Tropical jungle C Grassland D Hardwood forest

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