Ecology Chapter 3 Ecology Ecology the study of
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Ecology Chapter 3
Ecology § Ecology – the study of how living things interact with each other and their environment § Living things could not survive without specific interactions and relationships with each other and their surroundings. § Ecosystem – all the living and non-living things in an area. § Biome – group of ecosystems that have the same climate and similar living things. § Types: Rain Forest, Desert, Savanna, Grasslands, Temperate Forest, Tundra, Marine, Freshwater, etc. § Biosphere - Any portion of Earth that supports life. § Examples: Tundra, Rainforest, Desert § Very diverse and supports different organisms § Biospheres have different climates, soils, plants, animals, seasons
Abiotic Factors § The non-living portion of an ecosystem § Examples: Air currents, temperature, light, moisture, soil, and water currents § List 3 abotic factors in your life
Biotic Factors § The living portion of an ecosystem § Examples: Food, plants, animals
Levels of Organization 1. Biosphere – Portion of the Earth that supports life 2. Ecosystem – Interactions among populations and communities 3. Community – A collection of interacting populations. Example: Michigan 4. Population – A group of 1 species that lives and breeds together. Example: Mice living in a forest 5. Organism – A single member of a species
Create your own § 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Create your own level of organization Biosphere – Ecosystem – Community – Population – Organism –
Obtaining Energy § Producers (Autotrophs) – living things that make their own food (glucose – type of sugar) § Process called Photosynthesis § Light Energy (sun) + Water + Carbon dioxide Glucose and Oxygen § Ex: PLANTS, some bacteria § Consumer (Heterotrophs) – Organisms that cannot produce their own food and must consume other hetertrophs and autotrophs § Example: Rabbits eat insect and grass
Obtaining Energy Continued § Types of Consumers: § Herbivores – consumers that only eat plants § Carnivores – consumers that only eat meat § Omnivores – consumers that eat plants and meat
Heterotrophic Relationships § Scavengers – Animals that consume already dead organism § Example: Vultures § Your Example: ___________ § Decomposers – Organisms that break down complex compounds of dead and decaying plants and animals § Example: Mushrooms § Your Example: ____________
Food Chains and Webs § Trophic Levels – The way in which energy and materials flow through a food chain or web § Example: Rabbits eat carrots § Your Example: ___________
Food Chain
Food Web
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