Ecologically Effective Metals Adsorption Sorbster Media Wastewater leachates

Ecologically Effective Metals Adsorption Sorbster® Media Wastewater, leachates, ground water, process water, and ponds 3

Sorbster® Media Properties • Functionalized activated alumina technology • High adsorbent capacity: Up to 75% by weight • Ability to reach ultra low levels (ppb and ppt) • Removes both soluble cations and anions in a single pass • Especially effective for soluble metals, silica & fluoride • Effective across broad p. H range: p. H 3 to 10 • Contaminates are permanently bound to the medias • Does not support bacterial growth • Multi-metal removal in a single pass • No ancillary waste stream • Low energy requirement • Passes TCLP/CA WET for non-hazardous disposal options All rights reserved Sorbster® 2

Sorbster® Adsorbent Media Types Sorbster® MM-1 • Primarily for Metals Sorbster® Se-1 • Primarily for Selenium Sorbster® Si-1 • Primarily for Silica Sorbster® Cu-1 • Primarily for Copper Sorbster® F-1 • Primarily for Fluoride Cost Effective Contaminant Removal: Simple solution for multiple metals in a single pass Low CAPEX/OPEX compared to other technologies • Deploys in industry standard vessels • Flexible application without hidden costs • Little operator intervention, minimal training • Low energy requirement • Lead-lag vessels for continuous operation during changeout • Long media life requiring fewer changeouts • No activation chemicals • No ancillary waste streams • Non-Hazardous disposal reduces waste costs Process Dynamics: Deploy in any tank or cartridge with good water distribution Water flow is the primary control parameter Water-to-media contact time is key: typically 5 to 20 minutes Sorbster® Medias: High macroporosity and surface area Functionalized with specific chemistries throughout each granule to covalently bond contaminants Density ranges from 45 to 55 lbs. /ft 3 depending on media type Avoid surface active chemistries that can coat surface sites and sustained levels of free oxidants All rights reserved Sorbster® 3

Sorbster® Selective Adsorption Capability Contaminants Removed Most Typical Water Ions Do Not Interact & Pass Through Sorbster® Media Inlet to Sorbster® (ppm) Outlet of Sorbster® (ppm) Mercury Arsenic Selenite Copper Fluoride Selenate Chloride up to 20, 000 ppm Cadmium Thallium Vanadium Calcium up to 3500 ppm Tin Barium Hexavalent Chromium Antimony Cobalt Silica Magnesium up to 6000 ppm Magnesium up to 6000 ppm Sulfate* up to 89, 000 ppm Iron and Aluminum up to 10 ppm Lead Boron Nickel Up to 99% removal Zinc to achieve Mercury <1. 3 ppt Molybdenum Selenium < 1. 0 ppb Cyanide This table shows client water results, these are not maximum levels for the media *Occasional sulfate removal to 30% maximum All rights reserved Sorbster®

Opportunities for Sorbster® Use Alternate for/ replacement of: Hydroxide/sulfide/ carbonate/iron precipitation Chemical/polymeric precipitation Pretreat: Ion exchange Polish: Remove bulk of contaminant before another process R/O Remove low metals levels to accomplish discharge limits behind existing processes Carbon adsorbents Membrane Bioreactors Dilution All rights reserved Sorbster® 5

Sorbster® Media Application Contaminated Water Stream • Deployed in industry-standard vessels • Little operator intervention required saving OPEX cost • Smaller equipment footprint & lower capital cost Flow Through Sorbster® Media • Water flow rate is the primary control parameter • Breakthrough determined by monitoring effluent metal concentration • Lead-lag vessels for continuous operation during change out • No backwash or activation chemical required Clean Water All rights reserved Sorbster® 6

Sorbster® Competitive Advantages Technology Ability to reach <1 ppt Hg Low-level Se <5 ppb Selective multimetal removal (Se, As, Hg, F, etc. ) Low Fouling Potential Sorbster® Ion Exchange No ancillary waste stream p. H Range 3 -10 Limited 0 -14 Carbon 4 -7 RO 2 -10 Precipitation / Coagulation 5 -10 Limited Bioreactors Membrane Bioreactors 6 -9 All rights reserved Sorbster® 7

Sorbster® Treatment Options Sorbster® Applications Pump & Treat • Flow-through vessels in lead-lag configuration • Works with continuous and intermittent flows without complex monitoring • Perfect for temporary applications and seasonal treatments Gravity Flow • Creative options where utilities are not available • Remote deployment with little operator intervention • Wetlands barriers and containments Remediation • Sorbster® fines available for cap and treat applications All rights reserved Sorbster® 8

Comparative Costs Application Target Metals Flow Rate (gpm) Duration (yrs) Cost/gallon Groundwater Selenium/Silica Variable 3 Unknown Truck Wash Multiple metals 10 gpm 2 $. 00308* Process water Hg 2 3 $0. 0001 Cooling tower Silica 15 1 $0. 0001 Groundwater Cyanide 10 2 $0. 00165 *Highly variable flow rate, intermittent operation All rights reserved Sorbster® 9

Need More Information? • To learn more about how our adsorption technology can help you improve your process water, meet your discharge permit limits and clean up spills, contact Sorbster® • By listening to those within industrial water treatment, we are able to understand customer issues and provide solutions • Sorbster® Contacts Rich Lalama Sales (941 -201 -7780) Info@sorbster. com Cecilia Cruickshank (415) 272 -1205 www. sorbster. com All rights reserved Sorbster®