Ecological Relationship Notes Competition Definition Struggle for resources

Ecological Relationship Notes

Competition Definition: Struggle for resources (food, shelter, territory, mates, etc. ) 1. ) Intraspecific competition: Within the same species (2 cheetahs fighting for a female) 2. ) Interspecific competition: Between two different species (a hawk and an owl fighting over hunting territory) Which type of competition does the video show? Explain why. http: //news. nationalgeographic. com/news/2006/09/060912 -leopard-video. html

Predation Definition: Hunting & killing another animal for food Explain how the video shows predation. Lynx and Snowshoe Hare Video Clip http: //wildernessman. multiply. com/video/item/122/Canada_Lynx_vs. _Snowshoe_Hare

Types of Consumers Producer What is a consumer? An organism that must eat another organism for food (HETEROTROPH) 1. ) Herbivore – Eats plants 2. ) Carnivore – Eats meat (insects, animals) 3. ) Omnivore – Eats both meat & plants 4. ) Scavenger – Eats dead animal carcasses 5. ) Decomposer – Breaks down dead organism to recycle the nutrients to the soil Definition: Any organism that can make its own food by photosynthesis (AUTOTROPH) Producers are the base of all food chains/webs

Symbiotic Relationship It comes from the word symbiosis, which means: Parasitism 2 different species living together Definition: A close relationship between two different species There are three kinds of symbiotic Parasitism relationships: Mutualism Commensalism 1. 3. 2. Relationship where one Parasitelike? Sounds Definition: species benefits while the other is hurt Ticks, fleas, mosquitoes, leeches, lice, tape Examples: worms, etc…

Parasitism

Mutualism What does it mean if you have a mutual friend on Facebook? You both have the same friend Definition: Relationship where both species are benefited Examples Crocodile & Plover bird, Clown fish & anemone, Humans & bacteria in gut

Mutualism

Commensalism Definition: Relationship where one species benefits and the other isn’t affected at all (not good or bad) Shark & remora, Examples whale & barnacle

Commensalism

Ethology Definition: The study of behavior Ethogram Definition: A list of behaviors performed by an animal There MUST be agreed upon definitions of these behaviors (States vs. Events)

States Definition: Behaviors that last for some period of time (they have a duration) Examples: • Rest • Play **Long period of time, clear start & end • Feeding • Locomote (move) • Other • Out of View (cannot see the animal)

Events Definition: Behaviors that last for a very brief time. (we are only interested in how many times the behavior occurs, not how long it lasts) Examples: • Threat • Approach • Vocalize • Bite