Eating Well with Chronic Kidney Disease Predialysis Education

Eating Well with Chronic Kidney Disease Pre-dialysis Education Queensland Health NEMO Renal Group This is a consensus document from Queensland Health Dietitians/Nutritionists. Developed: Jan 2009 Review: Jan 2011. Disclaimer: http: /www. health. qld. gov. au/masters/copyright. asp UNDER REVIEW

Why Nutrition? n To keep healthy and well nourished. n To prevent build-up of unwanted nutrients and waste products. n To help slow the progression of kidney disease. This is a consensus document from Queensland Health Dietitians/Nutritionists. Developed: Jan 2009 Review: Jan 2011. Disclaimer: http: /www. health. qld. gov. au/masters/copyright. asp UNDER REVIEW

Keeping Healthy is important! You need to be in tip top shape! n Why? n Well nourished people do better. – – - Less chance of problems with dialysis. Improved ability to fight infection. Less time in hospital. You feel better. This is a consensus document from Queensland Health Dietitians/Nutritionists. Developed: Jan 2009 Review: Jan 2011. Disclaimer: http: /www. health. qld. gov. au/masters/copyright. asp UNDER REVIEW

How’s your nutrition? n Ask yourself a few simple questions. – – How is your appetite? Have you gone off protein foods? Have you lost weight without trying? Are you in your healthy weight range? This is a consensus document from Queensland Health Dietitians/Nutritionists. Developed: Jan 2009 Review: Jan 2011. Disclaimer: http: /www. health. qld. gov. au/masters/copyright. asp UNDER REVIEW

Your Healthy Weight Range BMI(body mass index) = weight(kg)/Ht x Ht(m) This is a consensus document from Queensland Health Dietitians/Nutritionists. Developed: Jan 2009 Review: Jan 2011. Disclaimer: http: /www. health. qld. gov. au/masters/copyright. asp UNDER REVIEW

If you are underweight… n Eat small meals regularly. n Make every mouthful count… – Choose nutritious foods that are energy dense. – Make sure your drinks are nutritious. n See a Dietitian. This is a consensus document from Queensland Health Dietitians/Nutritionists. Developed: Jan 2009 Review: Jan 2011. Disclaimer: http: /www. health. qld. gov. au/masters/copyright. asp UNDER REVIEW

If you are overweight… n Your kidneys work harder if you are overweight. n Losing weight can help your kidneys work as well as they can for as long as they can. n See a Dietitian. This is a consensus document from Queensland Health Dietitians/Nutritionists. Developed: Jan 2009 Review: Jan 2011. Disclaimer: http: /www. health. qld. gov. au/masters/copyright. asp UNDER REVIEW

The kidneys are your body’s waste disposal unit n Healthy kidneys remove waste products from the bloodstream. n In Chronic Kidney Disease… – Waste products can build up in your blood. – Some of these waste products come from the food we eat. – You may need to limit some foods. This is a consensus document from Queensland Health Dietitians/Nutritionists. Developed: Jan 2009 Review: Jan 2011. Disclaimer: http: /www. health. qld. gov. au/masters/copyright. asp UNDER REVIEW

How to tell if you need to limit some foods n Regular blood tests will show if any waste products are building up in your blood. n The Kidney Team will let you know if you need to limit any particular foods. This is a consensus document from Queensland Health Dietitians/Nutritionists. Developed: Jan 2009 Review: Jan 2011. Disclaimer: http: /www. health. qld. gov. au/masters/copyright. asp UNDER REVIEW

When will you see a Dietitian? n You will see a Dietitian through the Chronic Kidney Clinics. n If you start dialysis, you will see a Dietitian as your diet will change. This is a consensus document from Queensland Health Dietitians/Nutritionists. Developed: Jan 2009 Review: Jan 2011. Disclaimer: http: /www. health. qld. gov. au/masters/copyright. asp UNDER REVIEW

What to expect from the Dietitian n The Dietitian will look at your… – Medical History, – Weight History, – Blood Levels, – Recent Dietary Intake with a Diet History. This is a consensus document from Queensland Health Dietitians/Nutritionists. Developed: Jan 2009 Review: Jan 2011. Disclaimer: http: /www. health. qld. gov. au/masters/copyright. asp UNDER REVIEW

Taking a Diet History n Your Dietitian will ask you lots of questions about what you normally eat. n No right or wrong answers! n Used to see if you are getting too much or too little of any particular nutrient. This is a consensus document from Queensland Health Dietitians/Nutritionists. Developed: Jan 2009 Review: Jan 2011. Disclaimer: http: /www. health. qld. gov. au/masters/copyright. asp UNDER REVIEW

Which nutrients Protein, n Sodium (Salt), n Fluid, n Potassium, n Phosphate. n This is a consensus document from Queensland Health Dietitians/Nutritionists. Developed: Jan 2009 Review: Jan 2011. Disclaimer: http: /www. health. qld. gov. au/masters/copyright. asp UNDER REVIEW

Protein n n Protein is found in red and white meats, fish, eggs, dairy products and legumes. It’s important to have the right amount of protein you need for growth, healing and fighting infection. too much protein can lead to a build up of a waste product called Urea. Too little protein could lead to under nutrition. This is a consensus document from Queensland Health Dietitians/Nutritionists. Developed: Jan 2009 Review: Jan 2011. Disclaimer: http: /www. health. qld. gov. au/masters/copyright. asp UNDER REVIEW

Sodium or Salt n Most people eat too much salt. n You don’t need to add salt to get too much salt. – 75% of salt comes from processed foods. – Corned, smoked, pickled and takeaway foods. Tinned and packet soups, sauces. n Too much salt causes fluid retention and increases blood pressure. This is a consensus document from Queensland Health Dietitians/Nutritionists. Developed: Jan 2009 Review: Jan 2011. Disclaimer: http: /www. health. qld. gov. au/masters/copyright. asp UNDER REVIEW

Hints to cut down on Salt is an acquired taste. n Limit processed foods, Limit takeaway foods, Avoid adding salt in cooking and at the table, Do not use Salt Substitutes. n n n This is a consensus document from Queensland Health Dietitians/Nutritionists. Developed: Jan 2009 Review: Jan 2011. Disclaimer: http: /www. health. qld. gov. au/masters/copyright. asp UNDER REVIEW

Fluid n Excess fluid can cause: – – – n n High blood pressure, Swelling in the ankles, hands and face, Shortness of breath. Check with your Renal Team regularly about how much fluid you should drink. Fluid is not just water. – Count anything that is liquid at room temperature. This is a consensus document from Queensland Health Dietitians/Nutritionists. Developed: Jan 2009 Review: Jan 2011. Disclaimer: http: /www. health. qld. gov. au/masters/copyright. asp UNDER REVIEW

Potassium n Potassium is a mineral needed by the body to make your muscles and cells work. n High or Low blood levels can be dangerous for your heart. n Not everyone needs a low potassium diet. – You will only need to start a low potassium diet if your blood levels are high. This is a consensus document from Queensland Health Dietitians/Nutritionists. Developed: Jan 2009 Review: Jan 2011. Disclaimer: http: /www. health. qld. gov. au/masters/copyright. asp UNDER REVIEW

What does a low potassium diet look like…. ? n Potassium is found in a variety of foods. – not just bananas! n If you need a low potassium diet, your dietitian will check… 1. The amount and type of fruit you eat, 2. If you are having too many dairy foods, 3. Your intake of high potassium foods. e. g. dried fruit, nuts, seeds, juices, fruit cake, salt substitutes, caramels, chocolate, liquorice, potato chips, tomato sauces, coffee. This is a consensus document from Queensland Health Dietitians/Nutritionists. Developed: Jan 2009 Review: Jan 2011. Disclaimer: http: /www. health. qld. gov. au/masters/copyright. asp UNDER REVIEW

Phosphate n Phosphate is a mineral that is important for strong bones and teeth. n High levels can weaken your bones and damage your blood vessels. This is a consensus document from Queensland Health Dietitians/Nutritionists. Developed: Jan 2009 Review: Jan 2011. Disclaimer: http: /www. health. qld. gov. au/masters/copyright. asp UNDER REVIEW

Treating a high Phosphate n Phosphate binders – Tablets that you take with meals. – Act like a sponge to suck the phosphate out of your food before you absorb it. – Cal-sup, Caltrate, Titrilac, Renagel, Alutab. n Low Phosphate Diet – Not everyone needs a low phosphate diet. – You will only need to start a low phosphate diet if your blood levels are high. This is a consensus document from Queensland Health Dietitians/Nutritionists. Developed: Jan 2009 Review: Jan 2011. Disclaimer: http: /www. health. qld. gov. au/masters/copyright. asp UNDER REVIEW

What does a low Phosphate Diet look like…? n Phosphate is found in a variety of foods. n If you need a low Phosphate Diet, the dietitian will check … 1. 2. If you are getting the right amount of protein and dairy foods. If you are getting too many high phosphate foods, particularly between meals. e. g. chocolate, cola drinks, nuts and seeds, some types of fish. This is a consensus document from Queensland Health Dietitians/Nutritionists. Developed: Jan 2009 Review: Jan 2011. Disclaimer: http: /www. health. qld. gov. au/masters/copyright. asp UNDER REVIEW

Everyone is different… n Your kidney team will tell you if you need to start a special diet. n There is no need to avoid potassium or phosphate foods unless your blood levels are high. This is a consensus document from Queensland Health Dietitians/Nutritionists. Developed: Jan 2009 Review: Jan 2011. Disclaimer: http: /www. health. qld. gov. au/masters/copyright. asp UNDER REVIEW

Everyone is different… n There is no one special diet for people with renal disease. n It all depends on… – Your level of renal function. – What your blood tests show. – What kind of dialysis you choose. This is a consensus document from Queensland Health Dietitians/Nutritionists. Developed: Jan 2009 Review: Jan 2011. Disclaimer: http: /www. health. qld. gov. au/masters/copyright. asp UNDER REVIEW

Any Questions? This is a consensus document from Queensland Health Dietitians/Nutritionists. Developed: Jan 2009 Review: Jan 2011. Disclaimer: http: /www. health. qld. gov. au/masters/copyright. asp UNDER REVIEW