East ASIA Population out of 7 billion in

East ASIA • • • Population: out of 7 billion in the world (China 1. 5 billion, India 1. 3 billion) Mountains: Himalayas (Mt. Everest 29, 000, K 2) Birthplace of Buddhism and Hinduism Rice Manufacturing: 65% of worlds’ goods are produced in Asian countries

Cities to know in east Asia • • New Dehli, India Beijing, China Bangkok, Thailand Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia • Singapore, Singapore • Jakarta, Indonesia • Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam • Hong Kong, China • Shanghai, China • Pyongyang, North Korea • Seoul, South Korea • Tokyo, Japan • Manila, Philippines

Western vs. Eastern Philosophy

Eastern Philosophy • • Instead of God a correct path (force) or “one with the universe Reincarnation after death (not Heaven or Hell) Karma (what you do affects you) Trying to reach “Nirvana” not Heaven Meditate to improve myself not pray to ask God for help Yogi or swami not priest Spirits of ancestors are out there to guide Better oneself to honor family name or ancestors

• Reincarnation: • The belief that after each death your soul is reborn into another human being

Taoism • Teachings of Lao tzu • Forces of Yin and Yang • Follow the ‘way of nature’ or the Tao • Yin: dark, soft, slow, wet, cold, gentle • Yang: light, hard, fast, dry, hot, aggressive • In-action: you don’t have to do anything – over time everything will balance itself

Himalayas: Mt. Everest 29, 028 ft.

INDIA

Hinduism Developed over time Vishnu, Shiva, Krishna, Ganesh All part of Brahma (world force) Caste System Brahmins (priests) Rulers Warriors Workers Peasants Outcastes “untouchables” KARMA Do Yoga to join your soul with the “world soul” Moksha – (Nirvana) Meditate to purify thoughts and actions – improve karma Bathe in the Ganges River to purify self for better reincarnation

Indian Caste System

• Siddhartha Gautama Indian prince in a kingdom in the Himalayas • Left his palace in a 6 year search for Why is there suffering in life • Meditated for 49 days before becoming a Buddha or “Enlightened One” • 4 Noble Truths • 1. Life is full of pain • 2. Pain comes from your desire • 3. The way to rid yourself of pain is to rid yourself of desire • 4. Follow the 8 -fold path or Middle Way to reach • Nirvana – or one with the universe - no more reincarnation • Today, many see Buddha as God who can help them find their own success Buddhism

Nirvana • a transcendent state in which there is neither suffering, desire, nor sense of self, and the subject is released from the effects of karma and the cycle of death and rebirth. • It represents the final goal of Buddhism.

Nirvana • a transcendent state in which there is neither suffering, desire, nor sense of self, and the subject is released from the effects of karma and the cycle of death and rebirth. It represents the final goal of Buddhism.

Buddhism Hinduism

Taoism: Yin and Yang Yin Yang • Female • Dark, mysterious • Male • Light

Righteousness in the heart; beauty in the character Beauty in the character; harmony in the home Harmony in the home; order in the nation Order in the Nation: peace in the world K’ung fu tze (Confucius)

CHINA • • • “Middle Kingdom” Billion!!!! Confucius Civil service exam Great Wall Ming Dynasty Mao/Communism Tiananmen Square Switch to capitalism Free Tibet Olympics

Chinese Civil War • Mao Zedong • Supported by USSR • Had the support of the peasants • Went on the “long march” and survived and thrived • Won the war and made China communist • Jiang Jieshi • Supported by the US • Had the support of the business men • Corruption and poor leadership lost the war • Lost the war and fled to Taiwan

Japan

Historical Background • • • Origins “Nippon” Emperor Samurai Written language Religion of Shintoism Bushido (code of the warrior) • Beautiful death

Why modernize and expand? ? • Keep pace with the European Imperialists (our own Asian Empire) • Militarism and shipbuilding puts people to work • We’re an island – we need our own “lebensraum” • Manchuria, China has lots land, minerals and resources • The Dutch East Indies have OIL!!!! • Our only serious threat is the U. S. Navy docked at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii

“little boy” the bomb dropped on Hiroshima and its effects

The 2 Koreas

The standoff at the 38 th parallel • On June 25, 1950 the North Koreans launched a surprise attack against South Korea. • Within days North Korea had infiltrated deep into South Korea. • President Truman following the policy of “containment” decided to defend South Korea

The aftermath of the Korean War • At the hand of Communist dictator Kim II Sung, North Korea established collective farms. • Developed heavy industry • Built up a military. • Kim Il Sung’s son Kim Jong Il has been a brutal tyrant – jailing thousands, people in his country have experienced food shortages and he’s been in trouble for obtain nuclear weapons illegally

• South Korea prospered, with the help of the United States and other countries. • South Korea concentrated on developing its industry. • They also concentrated on expanding their foreign trade.

Vietnam

French Indochina

Ho Chi Minh: Communist leader of Vietnam

Vietcong: VC, ‘Charlie’ Regular people living in South Vietnam who were supporters of Ho Chi Minh and the communists from the North. Regular farmers and workers by day and guerilla, hit and run warriors by night who hid in tunnels and did sneak ambushes on Americans

Imperialism SE Asia

Muslim sailors had established trading posts with places in SE Asia centuries before the Europeans which helps explain why Islam is the predominant religion in countries like Malaysia and Indonesia