Earths Interior Inside Earth Chapter 1 Section 1

Earth’s Interior Inside Earth Chapter 1 Section 1

Vocabulary Geologist: Scientists who study the forces that make and shape planet Earth.

Vocabulary Geology Study of the planet Earth

Vocabulary Rock The material that forms Earth’s hard surface.

Vocabulary Constructive Forces Shape the surface by building up mountains or other landmasses Destructive Forces Slowly wear away mountains and other features

Vocabulary Continents Seven great landmasses; surrounded by oceans

Vocabulary Seismic Waves The waves produced by earthquakes that travel through the Earth.

Vocabulary Pressure The force pushing on a surface or area

Vocabulary Crust A layer of rock that forms Earth’s outer skin

Vocabulary Basalt Dark dense rock with fine texture. Oceanic crust Granite Light rock with larger crystals and less density Continental Crust

Vocabulary Mantle Layer of hot rock below the Earth’s crust.

Vocabulary Asthenosphere Lithosphere Uppermost part of the mantle where mantle and crust form a rigid layer Below the lithosphere, soft

Vocabulary Outer Core Layer of molten metal that surrounds the inner core, behaves like liquid Inner core Dense ball of solid metal

Science of Geology Study forces that work on the Earth Chemistry of the rocks Physical characteristics of rocks Study forces that shape rocks Erosion Wind, water, waves Search for clues to Earth’s history

Studying Surface Changes Earth’s surface is constantly changing Surface has been lifted up and pushed down Looks different than mya Two forces changes the appearance of Earth Constructive forces Mountain building Volcanoes Destructive forces Erosion- chemical and mechanical Continents Large landmasses made of layers of rock-surrounded by oceans

Finding Indirect Evidence What is inside Earth? Is not seen from surface- can’t dig a hole through it Rely on methods of observation Seismic waves Can tell what substance the waves go through based how the waves travel through the Earth Faster in liquid Won’t pass through solid core

Journey to the Center of the Earth Temperature As you get deeper into the Earth the temperature gets hotter Pressure As you go deeper, there is more pressure

The Crust Outer layer of Earth Rocks, mountains Water Thinnest layer of Earth 5 -40 km thick Oceanic Crust Basalt Continental Crust Granite

The Mantle Below the thin layer of crust Layer of hot rock Lithosphere Crust and upper level of mantle About 100 km thick Increasing pressure Asthenosphere Soft layer of molten rock Lithosphere floats on asthenosphere Mantle is about 3000 km thick

The Core Inner Core Liquid Outer Core Solid ball of metal The core makes up about 1/3 of Earth’s total mass Both cores together are slightly smaller than the moon

Earth’s Magnetic Field Currents in the outer core cause the inner core to spin slightly faster These currents cause the magnetic field