EARLY PALEOZOIC LIFE Metazoan Invertebrates Mollusca Cephalopods Chambered

EARLY PALEOZOIC LIFE Metazoan Invertebrates Mollusca Cephalopods Chambered Nautilus

EARLY PALEOZOIC LIFE Metazoan Invertebrates Mollusca Cephalopods Chambered Nautilus Internal Chambers Simple Suture Pattern

EARLY PALEOZOIC LIFE Metazoan Invertebrates Mollusca Cephalopods Ammonoid Cephalopod Complex Suture Pattern

EARLY PALEOZOIC LIFE Metazoan Invertebrates Mollusca The Cephalopod Eye

EARLY PALEOZOIC LIFE Metazoan Invertebrates Mollusca Gastropods Shell and viscera twisted 180 above foot ("Torsion") Shell grows in asymmetrical spiral ("Lateral Coiling") Radula changes form and function in different lineages • scraping plants • grazing on plants • scavenging animals • hunting animals Early Cambrian to Recent

EARLY PALEOZOIC LIFE Metazoan Invertebrates Mollusca Gastropods

EARLY PALEOZOIC LIFE Metazoan Invertebrates Mollusca Chitons • Ancestor is flattened, elongated • Mantle and shell dominate head, foot • Mantle produces shell in 8 plates • Radula scrapes encrusting vegetation Late Cambrian to Recent

EARLY PALEOZOIC LIFE Metazoan Invertebrates Arthropoda Very large phylum Chitinous, external skeleton Segmented body Paired and jointed appendages Highly developed nervous system sensory organs

EARLY PALEOZOIC LIFE Metazoan Invertebrates Arthropoda

EARLY PALEOZOIC LIFE Metazoan Invertebrates Arthropoda Trilobites Swimming or crawling arthropods Three longitudinal segments 2 pleural lobes, axial lobe cephalon, (head), thorax, and pygidium (tail) Flexible skeleton chitin and Ca. CO 3 Complex eye Early Cambrian to late Devonian extinct at Permian

EARLY PALEOZOIC LIFE Metazoan Invertebrates Arthropoda Trilobites Eye structure

EARLY PALEOZOIC LIFE Metazoan Invertebrates Arthropoda Ostracodes Look like beans Segmented body enclosed in Ca. CO 3 and chitin carapace Marine and freshwater Useful in biostratigraphy Early Cambrian to Recent

EARLY PALEOZOIC LIFE Metazoan Invertebrates Arthropoda Eurypterids Swimming or crawling arthropods Some up to 3 m in length Ordovician to Permian Mostly Silurian and Devonian

EARLY PALEOZOIC LIFE Metazoan Invertebrates Echinodermata Spiny-skinned animals Starfish, sea urchins sea lilies 5 part, radial symmetry Endoskeleton Ca. CO 3 plates Water vascular system tube feet

EARLY PALEOZOIC LIFE Metazoan Invertebrates Echinodermata

EARLY PALEOZOIC LIFE Metazoan Invertebrates Echinodermata Sessile, benthonic forms common in Paleozoic Vagrant, benthonic forms common in Mesozoic and Cenozoic

EARLY PALEOZOIC LIFE Metazoan Invertebrates Echinodermata Asteroidea Starfish Ordovician to Recent

EARLY PALEOZOIC LIFE Metazoan Invertebrates Echinodermata Ophiuroidea Brittle Stars Ordovician to Recent

EARLY PALEOZOIC LIFE Metazoan Invertebrates Echinodermata Echinoidea Sea Urchins Early Cambrian to Recent

EARLY PALEOZOIC LIFE Metazoan Invertebrates Echinodermata Crinoidea Crinoids Middle Cambrian to Recent

EARLY PALEOZOIC LIFE Metazoan Invertebrates Echinodermata Blastoidea Blastoids Early Cambrian to Permian

EARLY PALEOZOIC LIFE Metazoan Invertebrates Graptolithina (Graptolites) Marine Planktonic or epiplanktonic Sessile benthonic Chitin skeleton Cambrian to Mississippian? Good index fossil for Ord-Sil

EARLY PALEOZOIC LIFE Metazoan Invertebrates Graptolithina (Graptolites)

EARLY PALEOZOIC LIFE Vertebrates Fish

EARLY PALEOZOIC LIFE Vertebrates Fish Agnatha (Agnathids) Jawless fish Cambrian to Recent

EARLY PALEOZOIC LIFE Vertebrates Fish Agnatha (Agnathids) Jawless fish Astrapis

EARLY PALEOZOIC LIFE Vertebrates Fish Acanthodii (Acanthodians) Early jawed fish Late Silurian to Permian

EARLY PALEOZOIC LIFE Vertebrates Fish Placodermi (Placoderms) Plate-skinned fishes Late Silurian to Permian Bothryolepis

EARLY PALEOZOIC LIFE Vertebrates Fish Placodermi (Placoderms) Dunkleosteus

EARLY PALEOZOIC LIFE Vertebrates Conodonts Chordate Resemble teeth Proterozoic to Triassic Calcium phosphate

EARLY PALEOZOIC LIFE Vertebrates Conodonts