Early European Settlements in North America Plymouth 1620

Early European Settlements in North America Plymouth, 1620 (English) Jamestown, 1607 (English) St. Augustine, 1565 (Spanish)

The Puritan Legacy

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Pilgrims and Puritans The Pilgrims were part of a group of English Puritans called the “Separatists” who fled persecution in England. • The Pilgrims traveled to America aboard the Mayflower and landed at Plymouth in 1620. Puritans is a general term for English Protestants who wanted to “purify” the Church of England. • The Puritans objected to the rituals, decorations, and organization of the Church of England. They wanted a simpler form of worship and organization.

Church of England (official church of the English government)

Separatist Puritans Church of England

Separatist Puritans Pilgrims To Holland America Church of England

Westminster Abbey, London, England

Church in Boston, MA

Archbishop of Canterbury, England

Painting of Puritan Deacon

Puritan Couple Royalist (Loyal to King and Church Of England)

A Puritan Time Line In England 1608: Separatists flee England for Holland 1642– 1651: English civil wars between Puritans and Royalists 1653– 1658: Puritan Oliver Cromwell rules England as lord protector 1660: Monarchy restored under Charles II 1600 1700 1620: Mayflower Pilgrims land at Plymouth In America 1630: Great migration of Puritans to New England begins 1692: Salem witch trials

What the Puritans Believed • Religion is a personal, inner experience. • Humans are wicked by nature, and most are marked for damnation. • A chosen few can be saved through the grace of God. • Hard work and worldly success are signs of God’s grace. • Education is essential in order to read the Word of God.

Puritan Government In Theory • Every individual had an equal covenant with God. • Laws came from God, as revealed in scripture. In Practice • Most people yielded authority to those seen as the saintly “elect. ” • Conformity and obedience took precedence over individual rights.

Puritan Literature What the Puritans Read • The Bible and other religious texts Why They Read • Puritans stressed individual responsibility for spiritual development. • Every person was responsible for reading and understanding the Bible.

Salem: Believers Run Amok • 1692—Girls suffer from mysterious illness in Salem, Massachusetts. • Doctors blame witchcraft. • Mass hysteria erupts; neighbors accuse one another. • In the end, about 150 people were accused, and 20 were executed.

What Happened to the Puritans? • The Age of Faith gradually gave way to the Age of Reason. Philosophers and scientists stressed the importance of using reason, rather than religion, to explain how the world operates. • The Puritans didn’t disappear—their culture was absorbed into the colonial mainstream.

The Puritan Legacy In the United States, we generally value • individual rights and responsibilities • equality of individuals • literacy and education • spiritual and worldly rewards for hard work

1. Puritans believed that religion was a personal, inner experience. a. true b. false

1. Puritans believed that religion was a personal, inner experience. a. true b. false

2. Those who had grace were among the a. damned b. unregenerate c. elect

2. Those who had grace were among the a. damned b. unregenerate c. elect

3. A person with grace may display all of the following characteristics except a. simplicity b. self-reliance c. greed

3. A person with grace may display all of the following characteristics except a. simplicity b. self-reliance c. greed

The End