Dublin Core Metadata Jenn Riley Metadata Librarian IU

Dublin Core Metadata Jenn Riley Metadata Librarian IU Digital Library Program November 21, 2005 L 597: Advanced Cataloging

Many definitions of metadata n “Data about data” n “Structured information about an information resource of any media type or format. ” (Caplan) n “Any data used to aid the identification, description and location of networked electronic resources. ” (IFLA) n… November 21, 2005 L 597: Advanced Cataloging 2

Types of Metadata n Descriptive metadata n Administrative metadata n Technical metadata n Preservation metadata n Rights metadata n Structural metadata n …cataloging, AND MUCH MORE! November 21, 2005 L 597: Advanced Cataloging 3

How metadata is used November 21, 2005 L 597: Advanced Cataloging 4

Uses of Dublin Core n By information specialists n Describing non-traditional materials n Cataloging Web sites n By novices n Web sites n Eprints n Non-library applications n Metadata sharing November 21, 2005 L 597: Advanced Cataloging 5

DC History n 1995: 13 -element set emerged from a meeting in Dublin, OH, hosted by OCLC n 1996: Expanded to 15 elements n 1998: Issued as IETF RFC 2413 n 2000: Qualifiers created n 2001: Released as ANSI/NISO Z 39. 85 n 2003: Released as ISO 15836 November 21, 2005 L 597: Advanced Cataloging 6

DCMI Mission n The mission of DCMI is to make it easier to find resources using the Internet through the following activities: Developing metadata standards for discovery across domains, n Defining frameworks for the interoperation of metadata sets, and, n Facilitating the development of community- or disciplinary-specific metadata sets that are consistent with items 1 and 2 n November 21, 2005 L 597: Advanced Cataloging 7

DC Principles n “Core” across all knowledge domains n No element required n All elements repeatable n Extensible n 1: 1 principle n “Dumb-down” principle November 21, 2005 L 597: Advanced Cataloging 8

Simple Dublin Core n Content elements n Intellectual property elements n Instantiation elements November 21, 2005 L 597: Advanced Cataloging 9

DC Content Elements n Coverage n Description n Type n Relation n Source n Subject n Title November 21, 2005 L 597: Advanced Cataloging 10

DC: Coverage n Definition: The extent or scope of the content of the resource. n Comment: Typically, Coverage will include spatial location (a place name or geographic coordinates), temporal period (a period label, date, or date range) or jurisdiction (such as a named administrative entity). Recommended best practice is to select a value from a controlled vocabulary (for example, the Thesaurus of Geographic Names [TGN]) and to use, where appropriate, named places or time periods in preference to numeric identifiers such as sets of coordinates or date ranges. n Examples: Boston, MA; 17 th century November 21, 2005 L 597: Advanced Cataloging 11

DC: Description n Definition: An account of the content of the resource. n Comment: Examples of Description include, but is not limited to: an abstract, table of contents, reference to a graphical representation of content or a free-text account of the content. n Examples: Illustrated guide to airport markings and lighting signals, with particular reference to SMGCS (Surface Movement Guidance and Control System) for airports with low visibility conditions. November 21, 2005 L 597: Advanced Cataloging 12

DC: Type n Definition: The nature or genre of the content of the resource. n Comment: Type includes terms describing general categories, functions, genres, or aggregation levels for content. Recommended best practice is to select a value from a controlled vocabulary (for example, the DCMI Type Vocabulary). To describe the physical or digital manifestation of the resource, use the FORMAT element. n Examples: Image; Text November 21, 2005 L 597: Advanced Cataloging 13

DC: Relation n Definition: A reference to a related resource. n Comment: Recommended best practice is to identify the referenced resource by means of a string or number conforming to a formal identification system. n Examples: References Adrian Lyne's ‘Lolita’; 1998 movie Oscar and Lucinda November 21, 2005 L 597: Advanced Cataloging 14

DC: Source n Definition: A reference to a resource from which the present resource is derived. n Comment: The present resource may be derived from the Source resource in whole or in part. Recommended best practice is to identify the referenced resource by means of a string or number conforming to a formal identification system. n Examples: RC 607. A 26 W 574 1996; Image from page 54 of the 1922 edition of Romeo and Juliet November 21, 2005 L 597: Advanced Cataloging 15

DC: Subject n Definition: The topic of the content of the resource. n Comment: Typically, Subject will be expressed as keywords, key phrases or classification codes that describe a topic of the resource. Recommended best practice is to select a value from a controlled vocabulary or formal classification scheme. n Examples: Dogs; Olympic skiing; Street, Picabo November 21, 2005 L 597: Advanced Cataloging 16

DC: Title n Definition: The topic of the content of the resource. n Comment: Typically, Title will be a name by which the resource is formally known. n Examples: A Pilot's Guide to Aircraft Insurance; The Sound of Music November 21, 2005 L 597: Advanced Cataloging 17

DC Intellectual Property Elements n Creator n Contributor n Publisher n Rights November 21, 2005 L 597: Advanced Cataloging 18

DC: Creator n Definition: An entity primarily responsible for making the content of the resource. n Comment: Examples of Creator include a person, an organization, or a service. Typically, the name of a Creator should be used to indicate the entity. n Examples: Shakespeare, William; Wen Lee November 21, 2005 L 597: Advanced Cataloging 19

DC: Contributor n Definition: An entity responsible for making contributions to the content of the resource. n Comment: Examples of Contributor include a person, an organization, or a service. Typically, the name of a Contributor should be used to indicate the entity. n Examples: Hubble Telescope; Internal Revenue Service. Customer Complaints Unit November 21, 2005 L 597: Advanced Cataloging 20

DC: Publisher n Definition: An entity responsible for making the resource available. n Comment: Examples of Publisher include a person, an organization, or a service. Typically, the name of a Publisher should be used to indicate the entity. n Examples: University of South Where; Funky Websites, Inc. November 21, 2005 L 597: Advanced Cataloging 21

DC: Rights n Definition: Information about rights held in and over the resource. n Comment: Typically, Rights will contain a rights management statement for the resource, or reference a service providing such information. Rights information often encompasses Intellectual Property Rights (IPR), Copyright, and various Property Rights. If the Rights element is absent, no assumptions may be made about any rights held in or over the resource. n Examples: Access limited to members; http: //cstr. cs. cornell. edu/Dienst/Repository/2. 0/Terms November 21, 2005 L 597: Advanced Cataloging 22

DC Instantiation Elements n Date n Format n Identifier n Language November 21, 2005 L 597: Advanced Cataloging 23

DC: Date n Definition: A date associated with an event in the life cycle of the resource. n Comment: Typically, Date will be associated with the creation or availability of the resource. Recommended best practice for encoding the date value is defined in a profile of ISO 8601 [W 3 CDTF] and includes (among others) dates of the form YYYY-MM-DD. n Examples: 1998 -02 -16; 1998 -02; 1998 November 21, 2005 L 597: Advanced Cataloging 24

DC: Format n Definition: The physical or digital manifestation of the resource. n Comment: Typically, Format may include the mediatype or dimensions of the resource. Format may be used to identify the software, hardware, or other equipment needed to display or operate the resource. Examples of dimensions include size and duration. Recommended best practice is to select a value from a controlled vocabulary (for example, the list of Internet Media Types [MIME] defining computer media formats). n Examples: bronze; 22 in. ; image/gif November 21, 2005 L 597: Advanced Cataloging 25

DC: Identifier n Definition: An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context. n Comment: Recommended best practice is to identify the resource by means of a string or number conforming to a formal identification system. Formal identification systems include but are not limited to the Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) (including the Uniform Resource Locator (URL)), the Digital Object Identifier (DOI) and the International Standard Book Number (ISBN). n Examples: http: //purl. oclc. org/metadata/dublin_core/; ISBN: 0385424728; H-A-X 5690 B November 21, 2005 L 597: Advanced Cataloging 26

DC: Language n Definition: A language of the intellectual content of the resource. n Comment: Recommended best practice is to use RFC 3066 [RFC 3066] which, in conjunction with ISO 639 [ISO 639]), defines two- and three-letter primary language tags with optional subtags. n Examples: en; fr; Primarily English, with some abstracts also in French November 21, 2005 L 597: Advanced Cataloging 27

DC Qualified (DMCI Terms) n Additional elements n Element refinements n Encoding schemes n Vocabulary encoding schemes n Syntax encoding schemes November 21, 2005 L 597: Advanced Cataloging 28

DC Qualifier Status n Recommended n Conforming n Obsolete n Registered November 21, 2005 L 597: Advanced Cataloging 29

DC Qualified Additional Elements n Audience (Recommended) n Provenance (Conforming) n accrual. Method (Conforming) n accrual. Periodicity (Conforming) n accrual. Policy (Conforming) n instructional. Method (Conforming) n rights. Holder (Conforming) November 21, 2005 L 597: Advanced Cataloging 30

Recommended DC Element Refinements n n n n Audience. mediator Coverage. spatial Coverage. temporal Date. available Date. created Date. issued Date. modified Date. valid Description. abstract Description. table. Of. Contents Format. extent Format. medium Title. alternative November 21, 2005 n n n n Relation. conforms. To Relation. has. Format Relation. has. Part Relation. has. Version Relation. is. Format. Of Relation. is. Part. Of Relation. is. Referenced. By Relation. is. Replaced. By Relation. is. Required. By Relation. is. Version. Of Relation. references Relation. replaces Relation. requires L 597: Advanced Cataloging 31

Conforming DC Element Refinements n Audience. education. Level n Date. date. Accepted n Date. date. Copyrighted n Date. date. Submitted n Identifier. bibliographic. Citation n Rights. access. Rights n Rights. license November 21, 2005 L 597: Advanced Cataloging 32

DC Encoding Schemes n Coverage. spatial Box n ISO 3166 n Point n TGN Coverage. temporal n Period Date n W 3 CDTF Format n IMT Identifier/Source/Relation n URI n n n Language November 21, 2005 ISO 639 -2 n RFC 1766 n RFC 3066 n Subject n DDC n LCSH n MESH n UDC n Type n DCMIType n L 597: Advanced Cataloging 33

OCLC Connexion DC Qualifiers (1) n Title. alternative. Uniform n Publisher. name. Conference n Title. variant n Publisher. name. Corporate n Title. translated n Publisher. name. Personal n Title. uniform n Publisher. place n Type. note n Rights. access n Contributor. name. Conference n Relation. is. Part. Of. Series n Contributor. name. Corporate n Relation. indexed. By n Contributor. name. Personal n Relation. finding. Aid n Creator. name. Conference n Relation. has. Review n Creator. name. Corporate n Source. date. Issued n Creator. name. Personal n Source. extent n Format. extent. Duration n Source. publication. Detail November 21, 2005 L 597: Advanced Cataloging 34

OCLC Connexion DC Qualifiers (2) Description. summary Description. scope Description. subject Description. audience. Age Description. audience. Grade Description. award Description. note Description. data. Quality. Note Description. entity. Attribute. Note n Description. action. Note n Description. version. Details n n n n n November 21, 2005 n n n n Subject. class. Auto Subject. class. Local Subject. geographic Subject. name. Conference Subject. name. Corporate Subject. name. Personal Subject. title. Uniform Subject. topical Identifier. canceled Identifier. citation Identifier. incorrect L 597: Advanced Cataloging 35

DC Encodings n HTML <meta> n XML n RDF n Spreadsheets n Databases November 21, 2005 L 597: Advanced Cataloging 36

DC is not a data content standard November 21, 2005 L 597: Advanced Cataloging 37

How to create DC records n Articulate use of this record n Determine whether to use simple DC or qualified DC n Determine content standard to use n Identify any existing metadata for the resource n Use existing metadata and add anything that’s missing November 21, 2005 L 597: Advanced Cataloging 38

More information n DC Usage Guide n DCMI Metadata Terms n DC Mailing Lists n jenlrile@indiana. edu n These presentation slides: <http: //www. dlib. indiana. edu/~jenlrile/presentations/slis/05 fall/l 597/adv. Cataloging. ppt> November 21, 2005 L 597: Advanced Cataloging 39