DSP IC Technology Enables New Programmable DSP Solutions
DSP IC Technology Enables New Programmable DSP Solutions Wim Roelandts CEO Xilinx Inc. , San Jose, CA 1 ICASSP 99
Critical Factors for DSP Solutions DSP Flexibility - DSP Processors + Off the shelf devices + Faster time-to-market + Rapid adoption of standards + Real time prototyping — Less performance — Sequential processing — Complex real-time softwar — Extra power dissipation Performance - Custom ICs + + Parallel processing Support high data rates Optimal bit widths No real-time software coding — NRE (Custom IC) — Long development cycle — Can’t test in real time — No mistakes permitted 2 ICASSP 99
DSP Critical Factors: Market Validation $10 Billion 1998 Total DSP IC Sales $6. 2 B $3. 8 B FLEXIBILITY PERFORMANCE DSP Processors Custom ICs w Demand for flexibility - 38% of market and growing w Forced into custom IC to achieve performance Data rates are above 1 MHz in 26% of new design starts w Performance requirements are increasing Source: Forward Concepts 1997 survey ICASSP 99 3
Traditional DSP Solution Roadmap DSP Flexibility DSP Processors • • • 1981 First Software DSP 1997 First use of multiple MAC units Designer must choose between flexibility and performance Custom ICs • 2 micron • • 0. 25 micron Performance 4 ICASSP 99
FPGAs Offer Flexibility and Performance DSP Flexibility DSP Processors • 1981 • • • s A PG F • • 4085 1000 1996 1998 3090 1989 Custom ICs • Performance 5 ICASSP 99
DSP FPGAs Offer the Best of Both Worlds Flexibility of DSP Processors + Off the shelf devices + Faster time-to-market + Rapid adoption of new standards + Real time prototyping Performance of custom ICs + + Parallel processing Support high data rates Optimal bit widths No real-time software coding 6 ICASSP 99
Increasing FPGA DSP Design Starts Annual FPGA DSP Designs Starts Estimate DSP Source: Xilinx 1996 1997 1998 1999 1997 survey concluded that FPGAs are used for new DSP applications as often as custom ICs and 33% as often as DSPs. Source: Forward Concepts ICASSP 99 7
DSP New FPGAs DSP Features Block RAM w Distributed RAM - FIR Filter w Block RAM - FFT buffers w Shift registers - D. A. & serial w Multiply “AND” - 200 MHz Logic Cell: Look-up table or Distributed RAM w DLL - Multi-rate clocks Programmable Interconnect 8 ICASSP 99
DSP Flexibility: Design in a System-Level DSP Environment DSP Tools Optimal Bit Widths FPGA 9 ICASSP 99
DSP FPGA Advancements FPGA technology has seen dramatic changes in the last 2 years - with more to come! 1996 1998 1999 2002 Density (System Gates)50 K 1 M 2 M 10 M MACs / device (Billions)1 27 68 500 Cost (Gates/$) 300 4 K 10 K 40 K 6 100 340 2, 000 Cost (Million MACs/$) 2 Billion Programmable MACs for $1. 00 in 2002 10 ICASSP 99
Moore’s Law: Device Capacity Doubles For The Same Price (Every 18 Months) DSP Millions of Transistors 1, 200 1, 000 “Unlimited” supply 800 600 400 200 0 1985 Historically Correct 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 Today 11 ICASSP 99
Trading “Area” for “Performance” X+ FPGA: Parallel Processing • • • Area (Free Transistors) DSP 200 MHz Clock Processor requires a >10 GHz Clock for equivalent performance DSP Processors: Sequential Processing • • • 5 nsec Time X +Multiply Accumulates X+ 500 nsec 12 ICASSP 99
DSP Millions of MACs per Second Performance Comparison 30, 000 27, 000 25, 000 FPGA 20, 000 15, 000 10, 000 DSP 3200 5, 000 50 120 400 Processo rs 2000 0 1 MAC u. P 3090 FPGA 1989 2 MACs 4085 u. P FPGA 8 MACs V 1000 u. P FPGA 1996 1999 13 ICASSP 99
DSP Internet Reconfigurable Logic A new application space for FPGAs WWW IRL JBITs Java API Virtex FPGAs 14 ICASSP 99
DSP Use of Reconfigurable Logic Spectrum of Reconfiguration Once in a while Field Upgrades Turn-on Application Tasks Continuous Adaptive Products Multipersonality Products Reconfigur able Computing Evolving Logic w Cost effective field upgrades w New business model w New types of products w Mind-boggling opportunities 15 ICASSP 99
DSP Any Network Device or Cellular Infrastructure w Remote Station Access — — Satellite Cell Stations Radio Towers Network Computers w Benefits — — Add new features Support new standards Bug fixes System maintenance 16 ICASSP 99
DSP FPGA For Communications Applications w Develop advanced DSP algorithms and test in real time w Migration of digital processing toward antenna — More digital, less analog w Multiple & smart antenna processing w Better spectrum utilization — Higher performance filters, high density signal constellations w Advanced error control - Turbo codes and MAP decoders w Software / configurable radio — Multiple modulation, error correction and data encryption schemes with one platform 17 ICASSP 99
4 Million Programmable Gates DSP 100 Billion MACs Configurable - Software Radio 18 Reconfigurable Satellite Modem ICASSP 99
Communications Benchmarks DSP 1024 -point, 16 -bit complex FFT — 10 microsecond transform time — Single device solution in the largest Virtex device – Datapath and all data storage on-chip Heterodyne + 20: 1 polyphase decimating FIR — — 20 polyphase arms, 24 taps per arm 8 -bits I-Q data, 8 -bit coefficients 28, 800 Million MACs in actual design Single device solution in the largest Virtex device – Includes Heterodyne, Direct Digital Synthesizer ICASSP 99 19
DSP Video and Image Processing Applications w Exponential increase in performance needs — 2 -Dimensional algorithm (2 D FIR, 2 D DCT, Wavelet) — Larger computational mask — Real time image processing w Emerging standards — JPEG 2000, MPEG 4 — HDTV FPGA Based Image Processing 20 ICASSP 99
DSP Video and Image Processing Benchmark Image Processing — — 2 D Filter / Correlator (12 x 12 Mask) 1024 x 12 bits at 60 frames/second 8, 640 Million MACs 2 Channels possible in the largest Virtex device Video Conferencing — 5 -stage, 2 D Wavelet Transform for Compression — NTSC/PAL 768 x 288 x 30 bits at 50 frames/second — 1, 688 Million MACs 21 ICASSP 99 — 8 Channels possible in the largest Virtex
DSP Conclusion w FPGAs offer flexible high performance solutions today w Moore’s law, New generation FPGAs, tools, and cores make “FPGA DSP” a viable solution w Results: — High performance programmable solutions — Low cost, low power high performance solutions w IRL enables field upgradability 22 ICASSP 99
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