Drug Names Generic Official or nonproprietary name of

Generic Name • • • Drug’s “official” or “nonproprietary” name Single identifying name Typically

Chemical Name • Chemical formula typically used by manufacturers and pharmacists Pearson's Comprehensive Medical

Drug Resources • Physicians’ Desk Reference (PDR) • The Hospital Formulary • The United

Try It For Yourself! • Provide the answer: – Official name of drug –

Federal Agencies • Food and Drug Administration (FDA) – Responsible for ensuring that human

Federal Legislation • The Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act of 1938 – Ensures

Drug Classifications • Prescription drug • Nonprescription drug • Controlled substance Pearson's Comprehensive Medical

Schedule for Controlled Substances • Schedule I – Highest potential for addiction and abuse

Controlled Substances • Must always be kept locked • Must be labeled according to

Common Controlled Substances • • Anabolic steroids Butabarbital Chloral hydrate Codeine Diazepam Morphine Opium

Common Controlled Substances • Phenobarbital • Secobarbital • Acetaminophen (Tylenol) with codeine Pearson's Comprehensive

Commonly Stocked Injectable Drugs • • • Elavil Dimetane Thorazine Valium Dramamine Benadryl Lasix

Commonly Stocked Injectable Drugs • • Xylocaine Compazine Phenergan Bacteriostatic 0. 9% sodium chloride

The Medication Logbook • Contains a complete list of all medications in stock, including

Form DEA 224 • Used by physicians to register with the DEA • Allows

Drug Abuse and Dependency • Drug abuse – Improper or wrong drug use •

Commonly Abused Drugs • • • Analgesics Antianxiety agents Antidepressants Sedatives Illegal drugs Pearson's

Steps to Take When Drug Abuse Is Suspected • Step 1: Notify the physician

Drug Classification Names and Uses Name Use Adrenergic Increases rate and strength of heart

Drug Classification Names and Uses Name Use Antacid Neutralizes acid in the stomach. Antianxiety

Drug Classification Names and Uses Name Use Anticonvulsant Prevents or relieves convulsions. Antidepressant Prevents

Drug Classification Names and Uses Name Use Antihistamine Antihypertensive Counteracts histamine and controls allergic

Drug Classification Names and Uses Name Use Astringent Cardiogenic A substance that has a

Drug Classification Names and Uses Name Use Diuretic Increases the excretion of urine, which

Drug Classification Names and Uses Name Use Immunosuppressive Laxative Suppresses the body’s natural immune

Drug Classification Names and Uses Name Use Sedative Produces relaxation without causing sleep. Stimulant

Drug Classification Names and Uses Name Use Vasopressor Produces the contraction of muscles in

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Drug Names • Generic: Official or nonproprietary name of a drug • Brand: Name given by the manufacturer • Chemical: Name that represents the chemical formula and typically used by manufacturers and pharmacists Pearson's Comprehensive Medical Assisting: Administrative and Clinical Competencies, 2/e Beaman • Fleming-Mc. Phillips • Routh • Gohsman • Reagan Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Generic Name • • • Drug’s “official” or “nonproprietary” name Single identifying name Typically noted in lowercase letters Considered the legal name for the drug Required to meet requirements of brand name drugs • Typically priced lower than brand names Pearson's Comprehensive Medical Assisting: Administrative and Clinical Competencies, 2/e Beaman • Fleming-Mc. Phillips • Routh • Gohsman • Reagan Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Brand Name • Name given a drug by a specific manufacturer • Typically noted by capitalizing the first letter • Also called the proprietary name • Often the most familiar name for a specific drug Pearson's Comprehensive Medical Assisting: Administrative and Clinical Competencies, 2/e Beaman • Fleming-Mc. Phillips • Routh • Gohsman • Reagan Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Chemical Name • Chemical formula typically used by manufacturers and pharmacists Pearson's Comprehensive Medical Assisting: Administrative and Clinical Competencies, 2/e Beaman • Fleming-Mc. Phillips • Routh • Gohsman • Reagan Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Drug Resources • Physicians’ Desk Reference (PDR) • The Hospital Formulary • The United States Pharmacopeia National Formulary (US-NF) • Web. MD • Medline Pearson's Comprehensive Medical Assisting: Administrative and Clinical Competencies, 2/e Beaman • Fleming-Mc. Phillips • Routh • Gohsman • Reagan Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Try It For Yourself! • Provide the answer: – Official name of drug – Name noted in uppercase letters – Name reflecting chemical formula – Most common drug resource – Lists all official drugs authorized for use in the U. S. Pearson's Comprehensive Medical Assisting: Administrative and Clinical Competencies, 2/e Beaman • Fleming-Mc. Phillips • Routh • Gohsman • Reagan Generic name Brand name Chemical name PDR USP-NF Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Federal Agencies • Food and Drug Administration (FDA) – Responsible for ensuring that human drugs are safe and effective and that these products are honestly, accurately, and informatively represented to the public • Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) – Responsible for enforcing drug control Pearson's Comprehensive Medical Assisting: Administrative and Clinical Competencies, 2/e Beaman • Fleming-Mc. Phillips • Routh • Gohsman • Reagan Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Federal Legislation • The Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act of 1938 – Ensures the safety of food, drugs, and cosmetics sold within U. S. borders • The Controlled Substance Act of 1970 – Regulates the manufacture and distribution of drugs that can cause dependencies Pearson's Comprehensive Medical Assisting: Administrative and Clinical Competencies, 2/e Beaman • Fleming-Mc. Phillips • Routh • Gohsman • Reagan Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Drug Classifications • Prescription drug • Nonprescription drug • Controlled substance Pearson's Comprehensive Medical Assisting: Administrative and Clinical Competencies, 2/e Beaman • Fleming-Mc. Phillips • Routh • Gohsman • Reagan Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Schedule for Controlled Substances • Schedule I – Highest potential for addiction and abuse • Schedule II – High potential for addiction and abuse • Schedule III – Moderate to low potential for addiction and abuse • Schedule IV – Lower potential than Schedule III drugs • Schedule V – Low potential for addition and abuse Pearson's Comprehensive Medical Assisting: Administrative and Clinical Competencies, 2/e Beaman • Fleming-Mc. Phillips • Routh • Gohsman • Reagan Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Controlled Substances • Must always be kept locked • Must be labeled according to CSA specifications • All narcotics must be tracked on a narcotics log Pearson's Comprehensive Medical Assisting: Administrative and Clinical Competencies, 2/e Beaman • Fleming-Mc. Phillips • Routh • Gohsman • Reagan Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Common Controlled Substances • • Anabolic steroids Butabarbital Chloral hydrate Codeine Diazepam Morphine Opium Pearson's Comprehensive Medical Assisting: Administrative and Clinical Competencies, 2/e Beaman • Fleming-Mc. Phillips • Routh • Gohsman • Reagan Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Common Controlled Substances • Phenobarbital • Secobarbital • Acetaminophen (Tylenol) with codeine Pearson's Comprehensive Medical Assisting: Administrative and Clinical Competencies, 2/e Beaman • Fleming-Mc. Phillips • Routh • Gohsman • Reagan Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Commonly Stocked Injectable Drugs • • • Elavil Dimetane Thorazine Valium Dramamine Benadryl Lasix Garamycin Heparin sodium Pearson's Comprehensive Medical Assisting: Administrative and Clinical Competencies, 2/e Beaman • Fleming-Mc. Phillips • Routh • Gohsman • Reagan Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Commonly Stocked Injectable Drugs • • Xylocaine Compazine Phenergan Bacteriostatic 0. 9% sodium chloride Tetanus and diptheria toxoids Tetanus antitoxin Tine test Water for injection Pearson's Comprehensive Medical Assisting: Administrative and Clinical Competencies, 2/e Beaman • Fleming-Mc. Phillips • Routh • Gohsman • Reagan Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

The Medication Logbook • Contains a complete list of all medications in stock, including sample products • Contains the name of each medication, the quantity on hand, and the expiration dates • Contains a section for patient’s name and date of birth; quantity, date, and time of distribution; and medical assistant’s initials Pearson's Comprehensive Medical Assisting: Administrative and Clinical Competencies, 2/e Beaman • Fleming-Mc. Phillips • Routh • Gohsman • Reagan Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Form DEA 224 • Used by physicians to register with the DEA • Allows physicians to prescribe, dispense, or administer controlled substances • Renewal is required every 3 years using Form 224 a Pearson's Comprehensive Medical Assisting: Administrative and Clinical Competencies, 2/e Beaman • Fleming-Mc. Phillips • Routh • Gohsman • Reagan Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Drug Abuse and Dependency • Drug abuse – Improper or wrong drug use • Drug dependency – Reliance or use of medication for psychological support Pearson's Comprehensive Medical Assisting: Administrative and Clinical Competencies, 2/e Beaman • Fleming-Mc. Phillips • Routh • Gohsman • Reagan Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Commonly Abused Drugs • • • Analgesics Antianxiety agents Antidepressants Sedatives Illegal drugs Pearson's Comprehensive Medical Assisting: Administrative and Clinical Competencies, 2/e Beaman • Fleming-Mc. Phillips • Routh • Gohsman • Reagan Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Steps to Take When Drug Abuse Is Suspected • Step 1: Notify the physician • Step 2: Check local pharmacies to see if the patient is obtaining medications from multiple pharmacies • Step 3: Inform patients who are frequently calling for refills that another refill will require an office visit • Step 4: Ensure that syringes, needles, and prescription pads are kept in a secure place in the office Pearson's Comprehensive Medical Assisting: Administrative and Clinical Competencies, 2/e Beaman • Fleming-Mc. Phillips • Routh • Gohsman • Reagan Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Drug Classification Names and Uses Name Use Adrenergic Increases rate and strength of heart muscle. Acts as a vasoconstrictor, dilates bronchi, dilates pupils, and relaxes muscular walls. Used to treat asthma, bronchitis, and allergies. Increases peripheral circulation, decreases blood pressure and vasodilatation. Used to treat hypertension. Adrenergic blocking agent Analgesic Relives pain without loss of consciousness. May be narcotic or nonnarcotic. Anesthetic Produces a lack of feeling that may have a local or general effect depending on the type of administration. Pearson's Comprehensive Medical Assisting: Administrative and Clinical Competencies, 2/e Beaman • Fleming-Mc. Phillips • Routh • Gohsman • Reagan Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Drug Classification Names and Uses Name Use Antacid Neutralizes acid in the stomach. Antianxiety Relieves or reduces anxiety and muscle tension. Used to treat panic disorders, anxiety, and insomnia. Antiarrhythmic Controls cardiac arrhythmias by altering nerve impulses within the heart. Antibiotic Destroys or prohibits the growth of microorganisms. Anticoagulant Prevents or delays blood clotting. Pearson's Comprehensive Medical Assisting: Administrative and Clinical Competencies, 2/e Beaman • Fleming-Mc. Phillips • Routh • Gohsman • Reagan Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Drug Classification Names and Uses Name Use Anticonvulsant Prevents or relieves convulsions. Antidepressant Prevents or relieves the symptoms of depression. Antidiabetic Antidiarrheal Controls diabetes by regulating the level of glucose in the blood and the metabolism of carbohydrates and fat. Prevents or relieves diarrhea. Antidote Counteracts the effects of poisons. Antiemetic Controls nausea and vomiting. Antifungal Kills fungus. Antihelminthic Kills parasitic worms. Pearson's Comprehensive Medical Assisting: Administrative and Clinical Competencies, 2/e Beaman • Fleming-Mc. Phillips • Routh • Gohsman • Reagan Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Drug Classification Names and Uses Name Use Antihistamine Antihypertensive Counteracts histamine and controls allergic reactions. Prevents or controls high blood pressure. Anti-inflammatory Counteracts inflammation. Antineoplastic Antipruritic Kills normal and abnormal cancerous cells by interfering with cell reproduction. Relieves itching. Antipyretic Reduces fever. Antiseptic Prevents the growth of microorganisms. Antitussive Controls or relieves coughing. Pearson's Comprehensive Medical Assisting: Administrative and Clinical Competencies, 2/e Beaman • Fleming-Mc. Phillips • Routh • Gohsman • Reagan Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Drug Classification Names and Uses Name Use Astringent Cardiogenic A substance that has a constricting or binding effect by coagulating proteins on a cell’s surface. This may be used to stop hemorrhage. Dilates or opens the bronchi to improve breathing. Strengthens the heart muscle. Cathartic Causes bowel movements to occur. Contraceptive Used to prevent conception. Decongestant Reduces nasal congestion and swelling. Bronchodilator Pearson's Comprehensive Medical Assisting: Administrative and Clinical Competencies, 2/e Beaman • Fleming-Mc. Phillips • Routh • Gohsman • Reagan Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Drug Classification Names and Uses Name Use Diuretic Increases the excretion of urine, which promotes the loss of water and salt from the body. Induces vomiting. Emetic Expectorant Hemostatic Hypnotic Hypoglycemic Assists in the removal of secretions from the bronchopulmonary membranes. Controls bleeding. Produces sleep or hypnosis. Lowers blood glucose level. Pearson's Comprehensive Medical Assisting: Administrative and Clinical Competencies, 2/e Beaman • Fleming-Mc. Phillips • Routh • Gohsman • Reagan Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Drug Classification Names and Uses Name Use Immunosuppressive Laxative Suppresses the body’s natural immune response to an antigen. Used to promote normal bowel function. Miotic Constricts the pupils of the eye. Muscle relaxant Produces the relaxation of skeletal muscle. Mydriatic Dilates the pupils of the eye. Narcotic Produces sleep or stupor. Purgative Stimulates bowel movements. Psychedelic Drugs such as LSD that can produce visual hallucinations. Pearson's Comprehensive Medical Assisting: Administrative and Clinical Competencies, 2/e Beaman • Fleming-Mc. Phillips • Routh • Gohsman • Reagan Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Drug Classification Names and Uses Name Use Sedative Produces relaxation without causing sleep. Stimulant Speeds up the heart and respiratory system. Used to increase alertness. Used to reduce mental anxiety and tensions. Tranquilizer Vaccine Vasodilator Given to promote resistance (immunity) to infectious diseases. Produces a relaxation of blood vessels to lower blood pressure. Pearson's Comprehensive Medical Assisting: Administrative and Clinical Competencies, 2/e Beaman • Fleming-Mc. Phillips • Routh • Gohsman • Reagan Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Drug Classification Names and Uses Name Use Vasopressor Produces the contraction of muscles in the capillaries and arteries, which elevates the blood pressure. Vitamin Organic substances found naturally in foods that are essential for normal metabolism. Most have been produced synthetically to be taken in pill form. Pearson's Comprehensive Medical Assisting: Administrative and Clinical Competencies, 2/e Beaman • Fleming-Mc. Phillips • Routh • Gohsman • Reagan Copyright © 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.