Drug Abuse Drug Abuse Effects Symptoms Short and
Drug Abuse
Drug Abuse Effects & Symptoms Short and Long Term Effects & Withdrawal Symptoms
What is a 'Drug' ? A pharmaceutical preparation or a naturally occurring substance used primarily to bring about any change in the existing process or state (physiological, psychological or biochemical ) is called a ‘drug’.
USE vs. ABUSE USE: Intake of drugs to : ² Treat an Illness ² Prevent a Disease ² Improve Health Condition ABUSE: Intake of drugs, for reasons other than medical, in such a manner that the drugs affects the physical or mental functioning of the person.
Drugs Kill ! Stay away from them !
Classification of Addictive Drugs ° Narcotic Analgesics ° Cannabis ° Stimulants ° Depressants ° Hallucinogens ° Volatile Solvents ° Other Drugs of Abuse
NARCOTIC ANALGESICS Pain Killing or. Relieving drugs with the Opium like effects. Natural Sources Opium Morphine Codeine Semi Synthetic Heroin (Brown Sugar) Synthetic Buprenorphine (tidigesic) Methadone Pentazocine
Modes of Intake Codeine Oral (tablets & cough syrups) Heroin Injection, Inhalation, Chasing Opium Oral, Inhalation Morphine Injection Buprenorphine Oral, Injection
LONG - TERM EFFECTS M Mood Instability M Reduced Libido M Constipation M Respiratory Impairments M Physical Deterioration In female abusers, menstrual irregularity and fetal addiction / abnormality. Ø Infections like serum hepatitis and HIV can occur among IV users. Ø
WITHDRAWAL SYMPTOMS Tolerance and Psychological Dependence Develop L Feeling Of Unpleasantness L Severe Pain L Diarrhea L Dilation of Pupils L Insomnia L Hallucinations
STIMULANTS Drugs which Excite or Speed up the Central Nervous System : Amphetamines ² Cocaine ²
ST nwo. D wol. S ro suovre. N lartne
DEPRESSANTS : Long Term Effect Long-term Effects of Depressants: M Depression M Chronic Fatigue M Respiratory Impairments M Impaired Sexual Function M Decreased Attention Span M Poor Memory and Judgement M Chronic Sleep Problems
HALLUCINOGENS Hallucinogens are drugs which affect Perception, Emotions and Mental Processes. ² Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) ² Phencyclidine (PCP) ² Mescaline ² Psilocybin
CANNABIS Cannabis includes : ² Ganja / Marijuana ² Hashish / Charas ² Hashish Oil ² Bhang. The most common mode of intake is Smoking.
CANNABIS : Long-term Effects MDecreased Cognitive Ability MAmotivational Syndrome MRespiratory Problems MSterility/Impotence MPsychosis MIn women abusers, Fetal damage can occur
WITHDRAWAL SYMPTOMS Tolerance and Psychological Dependence Develop L Sleep Disturbances L Loss of Appetite, Irritability L Depression or psychotic symptoms may become prominent L Tremors
OTHER DRUGS OF ABUSE ² Muscle Relaxants ² Analgesics ² Anti-Histamines ² Anti-Emetics ² Anti-Depressants / Anti-Psychotics
EFFECTS A few examples of possible effects of Drugs !
DAMAGE DUE TO ADDICTION MPhysical Deterioration MPsychiatric Problems MSafety Risks (Accidents and highly Risky Behaviour) MIntellectual Impairment MPersonality Deterioration MLegal Risks
Drug Addiction Ø Tolerance Ø Psychological Dependence Ø Physical Dependence Ø Withdrawal Symptoms
Impact on Family How the drugs impact or affect the family ? Featuring a discussion on The Altered Family Dynamics
Happy Family Portrait by – Rani
ALTERED FAMILY DYNAMICS ý Suffers as financial resources are diverted for alcohol / drugs ý Loses self esteem due to growing criticism and provocations ý Isolates from external contacts to protect itself from further embarrassment ies Koqy dy pu`qr ny myr. I boql nwl. I’c ro. HV q. I !
Enabling Behaviour In their attempts to eliminate the problem, the family unknowingly enables the addict to continue with his inappropriate behaviour. ieh dwr. U nh. IN, swfy cwcw j. I dvwe. I h. Y !
Enabling Behaviour : few examples ý Justifying addict’s use m. W d. I Aw. Kr. I in. Swn. I v. I ge. I ! of drugs / alcohol. ý Calling the employer and making excuses on addict’s behalf to explain his irresponsible behaviour. ý Paying Debts Incurred by the addict.
CO-DEPENDENCY TRAITS ý Loss of Daily Structure ý Lack of Personal Care ý Indifference to Health Problems ý Loss of Priorities in Life
. . . co-dependency traits ý Inability to Maintain Interpersonal Relationships ý Inability to Set and Maintain Limits ý Inability to Make Decisions ý Defensiveness
Feelings Experienced by the Family Repeated problems and failures lead to : ² Shame and Loneliness ² Hopelessness ² Fear ² Hurt ² Grief ² Anger ² Guilt
Impact on Children How the parent’s addiction affects the children ?
IMPACT ON CHILDREN a) b) c) Problems Faced by Children The Self-imposed Commands (the Self-protection Roles) Guidelines to Parents
(a) Problems Faced by Children ± Lack of Care and Warmth ± Lack of a Role Model ± Loss of Self - Esteem ± Difficulty with Intimate Relationships ± Living in Constant Fear and Anxiety
(b) The Self-imposed Commands Three Painful, Self - Imposed Commands
ADJUSTING CHILD. . . the lost child ÖVery Timid ÖIndulges in Solitary Activities Ö‘Invisible’ and Withdrawn ÖGets Sick too often (stress related illnesses)
PLACATING CHILD. . . the mascot ÖProvides Humour / Fun to Reduce Tension in the Family ÖFear of Not Belonging ÖFear of Breaking Down Has Not Learnt : to take Care of his Emotions § to express his Needs §
REBELLIOUS CHILD. . . the scapegoat ÖDefiant ÖActs Out ÖLow Achiever ÖThrows ‘Tantrums’
(c) What Parents can do for the Child P Bitter are the Tears of your child Soothen them. P Ruffled are the Thoughts of your child Quieten them. P Heavy is the Grief of your child Lighten it. P Soft is the Heart of your child Embrace it.
Identifying the Child of an Addict LPoor attendance without any valid reason LDrop in school grades LPre-occupation in class, sleepy unable to concentrate LFriendlessness and isolation or being withdrawn
… identifying the child of an addict LSudden temper and other emotional outbursts LExtreme fear about situations involving contact with parents LPresence of bruises quite often on the child’s body LAgitation, rebelliousness
… identifying the child of an addict LInability to pay school fees on time despite father holding a job LUnable to comply with school regulations such as bringing in permission slips, materials for project LNobody present during the parent– teacher meeting
DO’s & DONT’s What the family members should : ýAvoid Doing ! þNeed to Do !
Avoid Doing This ! ÖHiding or throwing away alcohol / drugs. ÖArguing when he is under the influence. ÖAsking reasons for alcohol / drug use. ÖLecturing or making Emotional Appeals. Ö(Sticks) - Punishing, Threatening Ö(Carrots) - Bribing In the long run, none of these methods work.
What Family Need to Do ! To accept that addiction is a serious problem which requires professional help þ To calmly discuss addiction and related problems openly þ
… need to do ! To stop protecting by covering up the consequences of drug / alcohol use. þ Don’t feel or give the impression that the addict is doing a favour by not ‘using’ þ
… need to do ! þ Start communicating openly to the other family members about their concerns þ To plan one day at a time and start executing them
… need to do ! Let him start looking after their own needs and the needs of other family members þ Let him understand that he is not alone and that all our help is available þ
… need to do ! þ Try To identify healthy leisure activities
- Slides: 49