Driving question How do cows grow What How

Driving question: How do cows grow? What & How 1. What does a cow need in order to grow? 2. How a cow use them to grow?

Inputs and outputs in cow’s body Can you decode what happens inside cow’s body and how does cow grow?

Flow chart of tracing food inside the body Food (large organic molecules) Digestion system Digestion Circulatory system Small organic molecules Biosynthesis Cells Circulatory system, lungs Cellular Respiration H 2 O & CO 2 For animal movement Animal biomass (large organic molecules) For animal growth Body tissues Body

Matter enter/leave plants/animals Materials in grass (materials entering cow) Materials entering grass minerals tein Pro minerals C 02 Carbohydrates Materials leaving cow by breathing, urine and perspiration hydrat Carbo H 2 0 Cow’s feces H 2 0 minerals ls ra mine C 02 es H 2 0 Protein Fat H 2 0 Materials in cow

Digestion part

How do cows digest food at macroscopic scale?

Matter movement for digestion at macroscopic scales Large scale Macroscopic Microscopic Atomic molecular Analyzing Object Matter Process Matter Movement Carbohydrates Material identity Digestion Biosynthesis All Protein Energy Cellular respiration Fat Energy transformation Blank

Analyze digestion at macroscopic scales Large scale Macroscopic Microscopic Atomic molecular Analyzing Tracing Matter Process Matter Movement Carbohydrates Material identity Digestion Biosynthesis All Protein Energy Cellular respiration Fat Energy transformation Blank

Matter transformation for digestion at macroscopic scale Large scales grass Small Organic molecules Macroscopic Microscopic Atomic molecular Analyzing feces Object Matter Process Matter Movement Carbohydrates Material identity Digestion Biosynthesis All Protein Energy Cellular respiration Fat Energy transformation Blank

Energy transformation for digestion at macroscopic scale Large scales Heat Chemical energy Macroscopic Chemical energy Microscopic Atomic molecular Analyzing Object Matter Process Matter Movement Carbohydrates Material identity Digestion Biosynthesis All Protein Energy Cellular respiration Fat Energy transformation Blank

Digestion at macroscopic scale Heat Large scale Chemical energy scales grass Chemical energy Small Organic molecules Macroscopic Microscopic Atomic molecular Analyzing Chemical energy feces Object Matter Process Matter Movement Carbohydrates Material identity Digestion Biosynthesis All Protein Energy Cellular respiration Fat Energy transformation Blank

What happens for digestion at microscopic scale ?

Matter movement for digestion at microscopic scale Large scales Macroscopic Microscopic Atomic molecular Analyzing Object Matter Process Matter Movement Carbohydrates Material identity Digestion Biosynthesis All Protein Energy Cellular respiration Fat Energy transformation Blank

Analyze digestion at microscopic scale Large scales Macroscopic Microscopic Atomic molecular Analyzing Object Matter Process Matter Movement Carbohydrates Material identity Digestion Biosynthesis All Protein Energy Cellular respiration Fat Energy transformation Blank

Matter transformation for digestion at microscopic scale Large scales Macroscopic Microscopic Atomic molecular Analyzing Object Matter Process Matter Movement Carbohydrates Material identity Digestion Biosynthesis All Protein Energy Cellular respiration Fat Energy transformation Blank

Energy transformation for digestion at microscopic scale Large scale Heat Macroscopic scales Chemical energy Microscopic Atomic molecular Analyzing Object Matter Process Matter Movement Carbohydrates Material identity Digestion Biosynthesis All Protein Energy Cellular respiration Fat Energy transformation Blank

Digestion at microscopic scale Large scale Chemical energy Heat Chemical energy scales Macroscopic Microscopic Atomic molecular Analyzing Object Matter Process Matter Movement Carbohydrates Material identity Digestion Biosynthesis All Protein Energy Cellular respiration Fat Energy transformation Blank

What happens for digestion at atomic-molecular scale ?

Analyze digestion by filters at atomic-molecular scale Large scales Macroscopic Microscopic Atomic molecular Analyzing Object Matter Process Matter Movement Carbohydrates Material identity Digestion Biosynthesis All Protein Energy Cellular respiration Fat Energy transformation Blank

Matter transformation for digestion at atomic-molecular scale Large scales Macroscopic Microscopic Atomic molecular Analyzing Starch & cellulose Protein Sugar amino acids Object Matter Process Matter Movement Carbohydrates Material identity Digestion Biosynthesis All Protein Energy Cellular respiration Fat Energy transformation Blank

Analyze digestion by filters at atomic-molecular scale Large scales Macroscopic Microscopic Atomic molecular Analyzing Click to see animation Object Matter Process Matter Movement Carbohydrates Material identity Digestion Biosynthesis All Protein Energy Cellular respiration Fat Energy transformation Blank

Energy transformation for digestion at atomic-molecular scale Large scale Heat scales Macroscopic Microscopic Chemical energy Atomic molecular Analyzing Object Matter Process Matter Movement Carbohydrates Material identity Digestion Biosynthesis All Protein Energy Cellular respiration Fat Energy transformation Blank

Digestion at atomic-molecular scale Heat Large scale Chemical energy scales Macroscopic Microscopic Atomic molecular Analyzing Starch & cellulose Protein Sugar amino acids Object Matter Process Matter Movement Carbohydrates Material identity Digestion Biosynthesis All Protein Energy Cellular respiration Fat Energy transformation Blank

Biosynthesis part

What happens to cow’s biosynthesis at macroscopic scale?

Matter movement for biosynthesis at macroscopic scale Large scale Macroscopic Microscopic Atomic molecular Analyzing Object Matter Process Matter Movement Carbohydrates Material identity Digestion Biosynthesis All Protein Energy Cellular respiration Fat Energy transformation Blank

Analyze biosynthesis by filters at macroscopic scales Large scale Macroscopic Microscopic Atomic molecular Analyzing Object Matter Process Matter Movement Carbohydrates Material identity Digestion Biosynthesis All Protein Energy Cellular respiration Fat Energy transformation Blank

Matter transformation for biosynthesis at macroscopic scale Large organic molecules Macroscopic Microscopic Small organic molecules Water Atomic molecular Analyzing Object Matter Process Matter Movement Carbohydrates Material identity Digestion Biosynthesis All Protein Energy Cellular respiration Fat Energy transformation Blank

Energy transformation for biosynthesis at macroscopic scale Large scale Heat Chemical energy Macroscopic Chemical energy Microscopic Atomic molecular Analyzing Object Matter Process Matter Movement Carbohydrates Material identity Digestion Biosynthesis All Protein Energy Cellular respiration Fat Energy transformation Blank

Biosynthesis at macroscopic scale Heat Large scale Chemical energy Macroscopic Small organic molecules Chemical energy Large organic molecules Microscopic Water Atomic molecular Analyzing Object Matter Process Matter Movement Carbohydrates Material identity Digestion Biosynthesis All Protein Energy Cellular respiration Fat Energy transformation Blank

What happens of biosynthesis at microscopic scale ? Mitochondria

Matter movement for biosynthesis at microscopic scale Large scale Macroscopic Microscopic Atomic molecular Analyzing Object Matter Process Matter Movement Carbohydrates Material identity Digestion Biosynthesis All Protein Energy Cellular respiration Fat Energy transformation Blank

Analyze biosynthesis at microscopic scale Large scales Macroscopic Microscopic Atomic molecular Analyzing Object Matter Process Matter Movement Carbohydrates Material identity Digestion Biosynthesis All Protein Energy Cellular respiration Fat Energy transformation Blank

Matter transformation for biosynthesis at microscopic scale Large scale Macroscopic Microscopic Atomic molecular Analyzing Object Matter Process Matter Movement Carbohydrates Material identity Digestion Biosynthesis All Protein Energy Cellular respiration Fat Energy transformation Blank

Energy transformation for biosynthesis at microscopic scale Large scale Macroscopic Heat Chemical energy Microscopic Atomic molecular Analyzing Object Matter Process Matter Movement Carbohydrates Material identity Digestion Biosynthesis All Protein Energy Cellular respiration Fat Energy transformation Blank

Biosynthesis at microscopic scale Heat Large scale Chemical energy Macroscopic Microscopic Atomic molecular Analyzing Object Matter Process Matter Movement Carbohydrates Material identity Digestion Biosynthesis All Protein Energy Cellular respiration Fat Energy transformation Blank

What happens for biosynthesis at atomic-molecular scale ?

Analyze biosynthesis at atomic-molecular scale Large scales Macroscopic Microscopic Atomic molecular Analyzing Object Matter Process Matter Movement Carbohydrates Material identity Digestion Biosynthesis All Protein Energy Cellular respiration Fat Energy transformation Blank

Matter movement for protein synthesis at atomic-molecular scale Large scales Macroscopic Microscopic Atomic molecular Analyzing Click to see animation Object Matter Process Matter Movement Carbohydrates Material identity Digestion Biosynthesis All Protein Energy Cellular respiration Fat Energy transformation Blank

Matter transformation for biosynthesis at atomic-molecular scale Large scales Macroscopic Microscopic Atomic molecular Analyzing Fat Sugar amino acids Protein Object Matter Process Matter Movement Carbohydrates Material identity Digestion Biosynthesis All Protein Energy Cellular respiration Fat Energy transformation Blank

Energy transformation for biosynthesis at atomic-molecular scale Large scale Heat scales Macroscopic Microscopic Chemical energy Atomic molecular Analyzing Object Matter Process Matter Movement Carbohydrates Material identity Digestion Biosynthesis All Protein Energy Cellular respiration Fat Energy transformation Blank

Biosynthesis at atomic-molecular scale Heat Large scale Chemical energy scales Macroscopic Microscopic Atomic molecular Analyzing Sugar amino acids Fat Protein Object Matter Process Matter Movement Carbohydrates Material identity Digestion Biosynthesis All Protein Energy Cellular respiration Fat Energy transformation Blank

The end