Drill Give the molecular formula the condensed skeletal

• Drill: Give the molecular formula & the condensed, skeletal, and complete structures of a hydrocarbon with the same # of carbons as the # of letters in your first name.

Review Drill & Check HW

Organic HW • Review PP-3 • Complete the attached assignment & turn it in tomorrow.

Branched Alkanes

• Any hydrogen in a hydrocarbon chain can be substituted with another hydrocarbon group

HHH H-C-C-C-H HHH propane

HHH H-C-C-C-H HHH propane

HHH H-C-C-C-H H CH H _____propane 3

Substituents • The hydrocarbon or functional group that replaces the hydrogen

Alkyl Groups • The hydrocarbon group that replaces the H is called an alkyl group • Suffix: -yl: hydrocarbon group

• 1 = • 2 = • 3 = • 4 = • 5 = Alkyl Groups methyl 6 = ethyl 7= propyl 8 = butyl 9= pentyl 10 = hexyl heptyl octyl nonyl decyl

Branched Chains • When an alkane chain gets another hydrocarbon group substituted onto it • Branches: alkyl groups or sidechains

Branched Chains C C C C C

Naming Branched Chains

Drill: Name Each: H 3 C-CH 2 -CH 3 C-C-C

1) Find the longest continuous carbon chain & name it as the main chain. The final name will end with the naming of the main chain

• C Hexane • C C C

2) Number each carbon in the chain; so that, the side chains will be connected to the lowest possible numbers on the carbons

• C Hexane 1 2 3 4 5 6 • C C C

3) Name the side chains or substituted groups, & precede them with the # of the carbon they are connected to & a dash

C 2 -methyl 1 2 3 4 5 6 C C C C C 2 -methyl 4 -ethyl

4) If identical groups appear more than once, use prefixes: di for 2, tri for 3, tetra for 4, penta for 5, etc Examples: dimethyl, tripropyl, etc

C 2, 2 -dimethyl 1 2 3 4 5 6 C C C C C 4 -ethyl

5) Name the sidechains or groups in alphabetical order, but ignore the prefixes when doing so · Examples: ethyl comes before dimethyl, e < m

6) Separate numbers with commas, use hyphens between words & numbers, and write the alkanes as one word · Example: dimethylhexane

C CCCCCC C 4 -ethyl-2, 2 -dimethylhexane

Name the organic compound on the board

Drill: Name CH 3 CH 2 H 3 C-CH-CH 2 -CH-CH-CH 3 CH 2 CH 3

CH 3 CH 2 H 3 C-CH-CH 2 -CH-CH-CH 3 CH 2 CH 3

4 -ethyl-2, 5 dimethylheptane CH 3 CH 2 H 3 C-CH-CH 2 -CH-CH-CH 3 CH 2 CH 3

Review Drill & Check HW

Organic HW • Review PP-3 • Complete the attached assignment & turn it in tomorrow.

Pass the Seating Chart Around: so that, the Students Can Make Corrections.

Name the organic compound on the board

1) H 3 C-CH 2 -CH 3 CH 2 -CH-CH-CH 2 -CH 3

1) H 3 C-CH 2 -CH 3 -CH-CH-CH 2 -CH 3

1) H 3 C-CH 2 -CH 3 -CH-CH-CH 2 -CH 3 6 -ethyl-3 -methyl-4 -propylnonane

2) C C-C-C C C

2) C C-C-C C C

2) C C-C-C C C

C 3, 4 -diethyl. C-C 2 -methyloctane C-C-C C C 2)

3)

3)

3) 3 -ethyl-2, 5, 7 -trimethyl-4, 6 -dipropyldecane

Deriving Structures from Names • Draw the main chain first –Look to the name ending • Draw the branches –Look to the # & group name

Draw: • 3, 4 -diethyl-2 -methyloctane • 2, 3, 5 -trimethylhexane • 5 -butyl-3 -ethyl-2, 6, 8 trimethyl-4 -propyldecane

Draw: 5 -butyl-3 -ethyl-2, 6, 8, 9 -tetramethyl-4, 7 dipropyldecane

Isomers • Compounds that have the same chemical formula, but different shapes

Types of Isomers • Structural or skeletal • Geometric or cis/trans • Functional • Positional • Optical

Structural Isomers • When there are differences in the carbon chains

Structural Isomers C-C-C C C-C-C-C C

Structural Isomers C-C-C C C-C-C-C C

Structural Isomers Pentane methyl butane dimethyl propane

Draw & name all the possible structural isomers for C 7 H 16

Drill: Draw & name all the possible structural isomers for C 6 H 14

Review Drill & Check HW

Organic HW • Review PP-3 • Complete the attached assignment & turn it in the next class period.

This Week’s Schedule • Lab Tomorrow • Review Thursday • Test Friday

Name: C-C-C C C-C-C-C C C-C

C-C-C C C-C-C-C C C-C

3, 5 -diethyl-3, 5 dimethyloctane

Draw the Following: • 3, 5 -diethyl-2, 4, 6 trimethyloctane • 5 -butyl-3 -ethyl-2, 6, 6, 8 tetramethyl-4 -propylnonane

Draw the condensed, complete, skeletal, & stick structures for: • 3 -ethyl-2, 2 dimethylpentane

Draw & name all the possible structural isomers for C 8 H 18

Drill: Name & describe 5 organic prefixes & 4 organic suffixes

Review Drill & Check HW

Test on Alkanes tomorrow

Review

Identify • Organic terms • Organic prefixes • Organic suffixes

Name: CH 3 -CH 2 H 3 C-CH-CH 2 -CH 3 -CH 2 CH 3

CH 3 -CH 2 H 3 C-CH-CH 2 -CH 3 -CH 2 CH 3

3 -ethyl-3, 5 -dimethylheptane CH 3 -CH 2 H 3 C-CH-CH 2 -CH 3 -CH 2 CH 3

Name: C-C C-C-C-C-C C CC C

C-C C-C-C-C-C C CC C

6, 7 -diethyl-3, 4, 7 -trimethyldecane C-C C-C-C-C-C C CC C

Name:

5 -ethyl-2, 4, 6, 7 tetramethylnonane

Name:

5 -butyl-2, 3, 7, 8 -tetramethyl-6 -propyldecane

Draw the complete structure of: 3 -ethyl-2 -methylpentane

Draw the condensed structure of: 3 -ethyl-2, 4, 5 -trimethylhexane

Draw a skeletal structure of: hexamethylpentane

Draw a stick structure of: 5 -butyl-3 -ethyl-2, 4, 6, 8 tetramethyl-4 -propyl decane

Draw & Name isomers of: C 7 H 16

Draw an optical isomer of: C C C-C-C-C C