Drill Compared to the terrestrial planets the Jovian
- Slides: 34
Drill: Compared to the terrestrial planets, the Jovian planets are: a. have lower densities and shorter periods of rotation b. have greater densities and shorter periods of rotation c. have lower densities and larger periods of rotation d. have greater densities and larger periods of rotation
Objective: SWBAT: Categorize and compare the small bodies orbiting the Sun, and evaluate evidence, such as craters on Earth and on the Moon.
Agenda: 1. Pre-Assessment Comparing 2. Notes on Comets, Asteroids, and Meteors 3. Video Clip/Questions
Comets, Asteroids, and Meteors By: Annette Miles
What is a comet? A comet is a small body which scientists sometimes call a planetesimal. They are made out of dust, ice rock, gas, and ____. They are kind of like snowball a “dirty ____”_.
Comets originate from either the _______ Kuiper Belt (beyond the orbit of Neptune) or the _____ Oort Cloud (which surrounds the outer ______ reaches of the solar system. )
Comets are made up of different parts. § The nucleus § The coma § The ion tail § The dust tail § The hydrogen envelope
The nucleus is the frozen _______ center of a ice comet’s head. It is composed of ____, gas and dust. The nucleus contains most of the comet’s mass and measure about 10 miles across or less.
The nucleus of Halley’s Comet
coma is a spherical blob of gas that The ______ surrounds the nucleus of a comet. As the _____ comet gets closer to the sun, the heat vaporizes some of the ice and causes _____ the comet to spew gas and dust particles into space. nucleus The_____and the coma _______ form the head of a comet.
ion tail is made of ______ The _____ electrically charged gas molecules that are being pushed away from the nucleus by the solar _____. (The blue tail in the picture. ) wind
When a comet is approaching the Sun, the trails ion tail _______ the comet: when the comet is leaving of the Sun, the ion tail _____. The leads tail fades as the comet moves far from the Sun. The ion tail can be well over 100 million km long.
dust_____ tail The near develops when the comet is _____ the Sun. This tail is made of small dust particles that have evaporated from the nucleus and are being pushed away from the comet. curves The tail _______ slightly due to the comet’s motion.
The tail can be up to 250 million km long, and is most of what we see. Comets are only visible when they're near _____ the sun in their elliptical orbits. Comet Hale Bopp showing its two tails. Courtesy of NASA
http: //www. astrographia. com/images/9. jpg
Hale-Bopp – The Great Comet of 1997
Surrounding the coma is an invisible hydrogen layer of _____ that has been hydrogen released. envelope It is the _________ _. This cannot be seen from Earth because its light is absorbed by our atmosphere. It is usually between the ion
Can you identify the following parts of a comet? 1. Ion tail 2. Nucleus 3. Coma 4. Hydrogen envelope 5. Dust cloud
elliptical Comets orbit the Sun in highly _____ increases greatly when orbits. Their speed _____ slows down at they are near the Sun and ______ the far reaches of the orbit. Since the comet is light only when it is near the Sun, comets are dark throughout most of their orbit.
Videos on Comets http: //videos. howstuffworks. com/hsw/5354 -the-small-pieces-comets-video. htm http: //www. brainpop. com/science/space/comets/ Animation of a Comet http: //www. kidsastronomy. com/comets. htm
ASTEROIDS Asteroids are _______ or _____ rocky metallic objects, also know as______ or planetoids minor planets that revolve around our Sun.
Most asteroids orbit the Sun in the Mars Jupiter asteroid belt located between _______ and _____. A few asteroids approach the Sun more closely. The elliptical asteroids in the asteroid belt have a slightly _____ orbit. The time for one revolution around the Sun varies from about 3 to 6 Earth _____ years
Asteroids range in size from tiny pebbles to about 578 miles (930 kilometers) in diameter. Sixteen of the 3, 000 known asteroids are over 150 miles (240 km) in diameter.
• Asteroid Ceres • Diameter of 590 miles (950 km) • Largest asteroid and only dwarf planet __________ __ in the inner Solar System • Asteroid Vesta • Diameter of 326 miles (525 km) • Brightest asteroid visible from the Earth.
Some asteroids even have orbiting ______. moons Here is the asteroid “ 243 Ida” and its tiny asteroid moon, Dactyl. This is the first asteroid ever found with an orbiting moon. Ida's dimensions are about 35 x 13 miles. Dactyl is only about 1 mile across.
METEOROIDS, METEORS, and METEORITES Meteoroids are ______ bodies that travel small through space. Most meteoroids are smaller than pebble the size of a ____. Meteoroids are tiny particles left over by an asteroid or a comet.
A meteor is a meteoroid that has entered Earth’s atmosphere the ___________, usually making a fiery trail as it falls. It is sometimes called ashooting _____ star orfalling a _______ star.
A meteor shower is a phenomenon in many which ______ meteors fall through the short atmosphere in a relatively ______ time and in approximately parallel trajectories. Arizona, November 1966 - The Leonid meteor shower rained 2, 300 meteors per minute for 20 minutes. (Photo NASA)
Video of meteor Shower http: //www. metacafe. com/watch/903546/time_lapse_of_the_perseid_ meteor_shower_geminid/ Meteor Showers 2016 Peak Dates *Quadrantid January 4 60 -100 per hour Lyrid- April 22 10 -20 per hour Aquariid May 5 20 -60 per hour *Perseid August 12 90+ per hour Orionid October 21 10 -20 per hour Leonid November 17 10 -20 per hour *Geminid December 14 100 -120 per hour
A meteorite is a meteor that has fallen and struck the Earth. These rare objects have ______ survived a fiery fall through the Earth's atmosphere and have lost a lot of mass during that process.
Near Winslow, Arizona, you can visit a crater that was made from a meteorite. The crater is nearly one mile across, 2. 4 miles in circumference, and more than 500 feet deep. Aerial footage to show the size of the crater. https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=k 1 Miv. XXrn 2 A
Video Worksheet http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=Z_2 gb. GXz. Fbs http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=S KPjl. X_1 eio http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=J Ei 6 e. Kgipus http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=P ENT_hny. O-o
Activity Asteroid: Use internet to Search: 1. Why would we want to go other places to mine? 2. If the resources of an asteroid are needed to support a deep space exploration mission, where would be a better place from which to launch a resource mining expedition: Earth, a space station, a lunar base, other? Why? 3. Create a poster indicating the substances and resources that could be found or produced on different planets, moons, and asteroids. Use information scientists have learned from meteorites and lunar materials. 4. Estimate the cost differences of launching a mining operation from various “jumping off” places.
ASTEROID MINING
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- What separates the inner planets and outer planets
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